introduction to genetics
TRANSCRIPT
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INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS
By:Samantha Rose BernardoVanessa Celine Gabaldon
AAPD2F
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What is Genetics? It is the science that deals with the study
of heredity and variation. GENETICS came from the word gen,
genetikos meaning generative and genesis meaning beginning.
HEREDITY: transmission of traits from parent to offspring.
VARIATION: similarities and differences
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Scientists Who Contributed in
Genetics
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CHARLES DARWIN
Idea of natural evolutionOrigin of Species Pangenesis Theory
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also contributed in Pangenesis Theorygemmules
ARISTOTLE
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Father of modern Genetics
He used Pisum Sativum (Graden Pea) in his study.
There are 7 characteristics of pea in his study
LAW: Mendelian Laws of Inheritance (Law of Segragation and Independent Assortment)
GREGOR MENDEL
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WHO DUPLICATED THE WORK OF MENDEL
(1900)
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CARL CORRENS
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HUGO DE VRIES
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ERICH VON ISCHERMAK
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FRIEDRICH MIESCHER
He said that within the chromosomes, there is weak acid.
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WILLIAM HENRY SUTTON
Affiliated the behavior of chromosomes to the genes.
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SCIENTISTS WHO CONFIRMED DNA
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OSWALD AVERY
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COLIN MUNRO MACLEOD
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MACLYN McCARTY
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ROSALIND FRANKLIN
Gave an idea that the structure of DNA is a helical structure.
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SCOPE AND BRANCHES
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CYTOGENETICSScience that deals with the physical basic of
heredity (cell)
MOLECULAR GENETICSChemical basis of heredity
Newest and most advanced field of Genetics
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BRANCHES OF MOLECULAR GENETICS
GENOMICS Study of genes of an organism
PROTEONICS study of proteins coming from DNA replication.
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CLASSICAL GENETICS Study of analysis of offspring to mating (parents to
offspring)
POPULATION GENETICS Deals with the transmission of trait with a large group
of individual through a passage of time.
BEHAVIORAL GENETICSStudy of behavior of an organism.
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BEHAVIORAL GENETICS
Study of behavior of an organism.
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METHODS OF GENETIC STUDY1. Pedigree Analysis Transmission of trait through the use of
pedigree. Pictorial representation
2. Karyotyping Detect chromosomal abnormality karyogram/ karyotype (pictorial
representation of chromosomes)
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3. Planned Experimental BreedingDominant trait- can be seen and
manifested trait.Recessive- hidden traitHomozygous- two identical allelesHeterozygous- two unidentical alleles
4. Twin Study Study of twins
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Kinds of Twins:Praternal- Dizygotic twinIdentical- Monozygotic twinConcordance twin(praternal)-
possess a trait or do not or bothDisconcordance(identical)- if one
possesses the other is not.
5. Statistical AnalysisMake use of several dataUse for population data
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Null Negative guess
Alternative Positive guess
2 Kinds of Hypothesis
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GENETIC ENGINEERING
Key factor for biotechnologyCome up with a desirable traitManipulating a certain trait
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APPLICATION OF GENETICS
1. Field of Medicine2. Agriculture/Food Production/Industry3. Legal Application4. Genetic Counseling5. Genetic Code
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The End