7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

1/20

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Gross Anatomy Clinically Oriented anatomy MooreLatest Edition

2. Embryology The developing !man " Moore Latest

Edition

# Clinically Oriented embryology $nell Latest Edition

%. Clinical &e!ro anatomy. $nell Latest Edition '% th$emester(

). Atlas o* Anatomy +ith online access

Anne M. Gilroy

,rian -. MacphersonLa+rence M. -oss

. Cell ,iology / 0 // '*or #rdand %th$emesters(

i( istology A Tet and Atlas Micheal . -oss

ii( The cell A Molec!lar Approach Geo**ry M. Cooper 0

-obert E. a!smann

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

2/20

Classes

Theory Gross Anatomy

Embryology General

Cell Biology and istology

!ra"ti"al Classes Disse"tion and istology #ra"ti"al

Disse"tion $% &ee' Mondays( &ednesdays( Th)rsdays *+,, to

$+,, #m and -riday .,+/, to .*+/, #m

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

3/20

Sessions

/0 .st1 *ndsessions 2 3ee's ea"h 4Tea"hing5 6ollo3ed by . 3ee'

E7amination

/rdSession 8 3ee's 6ollo3ed by . 3ee' o6 e7amination

E9al)ation+

Class Tests+ e9ery 3ee' in ea"h 3ee'0 The tests in ea"h sessionmay be $ or 2 Co)nted 6or internal assessment

End o6 Session :nsemester e7amination 4. ho)r $2 MC; ty#e

;)estion

!ra"ti"al OS!E and istology #ra"ti"als

End semester E7amination * ho)rs

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

4/20

:NTROD>CT:ON TO

ANATOM?

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

5/20

Anatomy De6inition + anatome @ )# 4ana5 ")tting4tome5

Dis"i#lines o6 anatomy Ma"ros"o#i"

Mi"ros"o#i"

De9elo#mental Ne)roanatomy

A##roa"h to st)dy o6 gross anatomy

>##er e7tremity Ba"'ead and ne"' Thora7

Abdomen !el9is and #erine)m

o3er e7tremity

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

6/20

Dis"i#lines o6 Anatomy

Gross Anatomy str)"t)res st)died 3iththe na'ed eye0 Systemati" anatomy organied by systems(

e0g0( digesti9e( ner9o)s( endo"rine( et"0 Regional anatomy st)dy o6 all str)"t)res in

an area o6 the body( e0g0( )##er e7tremitybones( m)s"les( blood 9essels( et"0

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

7/20

Anatomi"al

!osition

Body ere"t

ead( eyes(

toes dire"ted6or3ard

imbs at sides

o6 body

!alms dire"ted

6or3ard

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

8/20

Sagittal planeis a vertical plane that pass through thebody from front to back. The median or midsagittal

plane is the vertical plane that divides the body intoright and left halves.

Horizontal (transverse) planedivides the body or organinto upper & loer portions.

!rontal (coronal) planedivides the body or organ into

front & back.

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

9/20

"lanes of the #ody

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

10/20

Terms o6 Dire"tion Medial closer to median plane

Lateral *!rther *rom median plane

Anterior 'ventral( to+ards *ront o* body

3osterior 'dorsal( to+ards bac4 o* body

$!perior 'cephalic( to+ards head

/n*erior 'ca!dal( to+ards bottom o* *eet

$!per*icial to+ards s!r*ace o* body5 part

6eep to+ards center o* body5 part

3roimal nearer origin or attachment

6istal *!rther *rom origin or attachment

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

11/20

Basi" Terms

>se "orre"t terminology on e7ams a9oid

nons#e"i6i"( general terms( li'e F6ront(

F)#( and Fbehind0

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

12/20

Dis"i#lines o6 Anatomy

Mi"ros"o#i" anatomy 4histology5

Cell biology

De9elo#mental anatomy 4embryology5 !athologi"al anatomy

Radiologi" anatomy 47+ray( CT( MR:5

Other areasH 4s)rgery5

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

13/20

Sub disciplines of $natomy

A. Developmental Anatomy(embryology)

B. Microscopic Anatomy or Histology- the study of tissues

C. ross Anatomy-visible to the na!ed eye

"urface Anatomy - Anatomical landmar!s

"ystemic Anatomy - structures are studied in functional groups

#egional Anatomy $ specific regions of the body

D. "peciali%ed Anatomy

#adiographic Anatomy $ Body structures that can be visuali%e &ith'-rays

athological Anatomy- structural changes associated &ith diseased

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

14/20

%iagnostic Techniues

!al#ation 6eels body s)r6a"es 3ith hands

A)s")ltation listen to body so)nds

!er")ssion ta#s on the body s)r6a"e 3ith

6inger ti#s0

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

15/20

'rganization of the Human #ody

(evels)

The human body is organized into cells tissues organs organsystems and the organism.

*ellsare the smallest living unit of body construction.

Tissuesare group of cells orking together. +,amples are

epithelial tissue connective tissue muscle tissue and nervoustissue.

$n organis a structure composed of several different tissuesperforming a particular function. +,amples include the lungsand the heart.

'rgan systemsare groups of organs hich together perform anoverall function. +,amples are the respiratory system and thedigestive system.

The total organismis the individual human being.

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

16/20

evel of Structural organization

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

17/20

Systemic $natomy Skeletal System

-uscular System

*ardiovascular System

ymphatic & mmune System

/espiratory System %igestive System

0rinary System

/eproductive System +ndocrine System

1ervous System

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

18/20

$natomical "osition

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

19/20

Dire"tional Terms

7/25/2019 Introduction to Human Anatomy Lecture A1

20/20

,ody planes and sections

" c!t into sections along a *lat s!r*ace called a plane

'also called 7$ cross section(

'also called coronal(