Introduction to Kinesiology & Biomechanics

Definitions Kinesiology Biomechanics

Definitions Kinematics Kinetics

Definitions

Static Analysis Dynamics Analysis

Definitions Anthropometrics

Why study biomechanics? Biomechanist vs

Applied Biomechanist

Sports Performance

Ergonomics Injury Prevention Improved

Rehabilitation

Ways to Solve Biomechanical Problems

Qualitative vs Quantitative

Scalar vs Vector Quantities

Basic Structural Analysis Stress-Strain Curve

Stress Strain Key Points on Curve

Elastic Modulus Yield Point Plastic Region Elastic Region Residual Strain Failure Safety Factor Mechanical Energy

Basic Structural Analysis Stress-Strain Curve

Stress Strain Key Points on Curve

Elastic Modulus Yield Point Plastic Region Elastic Region Residual Strain Failure Safety Factor Mechanical Energy

Basic Structural Analysis Stress-Strain Curve

Stress Strain Key Points on Curve

Elastic Modulus Yield Point Plastic Region Elastic Region Residual Strain Failure Safety Factor Mechanical Energy

= ½ stress * strain Area under the

curve

Types of Materials Elastic

Linear relationship between stress & strain

Types of Materials Viscoelastic

Nearly all biologic tissues

Manifestations of Viscoelastic Properties Rate of Loading Hysteresis Creep

Types of Materials Viscoelastic

Nearly all biologic tissues

Manifestations of Viscoelastic Properties Rate of Loading Hysteresis Creep

Types of Materials Viscoelastic

Nearly all biologic tissues

Manifestations of Viscoelastic Properties Rate of Loading Hysteresis Creep

Types of Materials Viscoelastic

Nearly all biologic tissues

Manifestations of Viscoelastic Properties Rate of Loading Hysteresis Creep

Material Characteristics Stiff Compliant Brittle

Review Anatomical Terms Directional Terms

Superior/Inferior Proximal/Distal Anterior/Posterior Medial/Lateral Superficial/Deep

Movement Terms Flexion/Extension Abduction/Adduction Horizontal

Abduction/Hor. Adduction

Internal Rotation/External Rotation

Radial Deviation/Ulnar Deviation

Supination/Pronation Inversion/Eversion

Reference Systems

Reference Systems Why? Absolute vs Relative

Absolute Reference Frame Segments intersect

in joint center & movement of segment is described with respect to that joint

Reference Systems Why? Absolute vs

Relative Absolute Reference

Frame Relative Reference

Frame Movement of

segment described relative to adjacent segment

Reference Systems Spatial Reference

Frame Movement of body

relative to ground Occurs in xyz

directions

x

y

zForward (+)

Backward (-)

Left (+) Right (-)

Up (+)

Down (-)

Reference Systems Cartesian

Coordinate System Fixed reference

point x,y and z

coordinates

Anatomical Planes & Axes

Plane of Motion 2 dimensional flat surface

Axis point about which movement occurs perpendicular to the plane of movement

Whole Body Planes and Axes Segmental Planes and Axes

Anatomical Planes

Planes of movement Sagittal

left/right halves Perpendicular Axis -

Frontal or Mediolateral

Planes & Axes Frontal Plane

Anterior/posterior halves

Axis - Anteroposterior or Sagittal

Planes & Axes Transverse Plane

Upper/lower halves Axis - Longitudinal

Other Planes and axes Diagonal or

Oblique plane of movement perpendicular to

the plane how to find