introduction to medical terminology

Introduction

LESSON #1LESSON #1

When in When in doubtdoubt of of the terminology, the terminology, tell your patients tell your patients they’re very sick.they’re very sick.

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY

• The words – or terms – which make up the language of medicine are referred to as the terminology of the medical field…known as medical terminology.

• Like every other language, medical terminology has changed over time and will continue to change.

• Most medical terms come from the Greek and Latin languages.

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How It Works

Most medical terms can be broken down into parts like a sentence.

Common word parts/components: Prefixes / Roots or Words / SuffixesPrefixes / Roots or Words / Suffixes

Linking or combining vowel usually “o”, but occasionally

“e” or “i”.

The medical terms will contain one or more of these components.

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PREFIX

A prefix is a word component placed in front of a root/word to change or modify its meaning.

A prefix can give a root direction or position. It can also give a root a specific type/ classification, quality, or quantity.

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Common Prefixes

• Ab- away from midline• Acu- needle• Anti- against• Auto- self• Bi- two, both, double• Dys- abnormal, bad,

painful• Hemi- half• Hetero- opposite, different

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• Homo- same, similar• Hyster- uterus• Men- menstruation• Quadri- four• Re- back, again• Super- above, beyond• Tri- three

More Prefixes!

• A-, An- without, none • Ad- toward/near midline• Acro- extremities• Ambi- on both sides• Bio- life• Brady- slow• Circum- around,

encircling• Contra- against• Dys- difficult, painful,

bad, abnormal• Endo- within

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• Epi- upon, over, above• Ex- out, out of• Hyper- excessive,

above, too much, over, beyond

• Hypo- less than, under, below, deficient

PREFIXES continued

• Hydro- fluid, water• Inter- between• Intra- within• Iso- equal• Mal- ill, bad• Meta- after, beyond,

change• Multi- many, more than

one• Neo- new or abnormal

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• Poly- many, much• Post- after, behind• Pro- before, in front of,

forward• Retro- behind, backward• Sub- under, below, beneath• Supra- above, on the top

side• Tachy- fast• Trans- across, over

SUFFIX

A suffix is a word component added to the end of a root/word that changes or modifies its usage, function, or meaning.

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SUFFIXES: Surgical Procedures

-centesis – to puncture/tap to draw fluid from-desis – surgical fixation, fusion-ectomy – excision, removal, cut out-pexy - fixation-plasty – surgical repair, correction-rrhaphy – suture-sect – to cut-stomy – forming a new opening-tome – instrument for cutting-tomy – incision into, cut into-tripsy – to crush, break down-puncture – to pierce a surface

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Moe, after the Moe, after the bandages come off bandages come off

and the wounds and the wounds heal, you’ll still be heal, you’ll still be

a pig.a pig.

SUFFIXES: diagnostic procedures

-assay – examine, analyze-gram – written record, recording-graph – instrument for recording-graphy – process of recording-manometer – instrument for measuring pressure-manometry – process of measuring pressure-meter – instrument for measuring-metery – process of measuring-opsy – to view-scope - instrument for examining-scopy – process of examining, examination

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SUFFIXES: 5 rrh’s

-rrhagia – excessive flow, profuse fluid discharge

-rrhage – excessive flow, profuse fluid discharge

-rrhaphy – suture

-rrhea – flow, discharge

-rrhexis - rupture

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SUFFIXES: pertaining to…

Suffixes that all mean pertaining to:-ac (cardiac)-al (dental)-ar (tonsilar)-ary (pulmonary)-ia (bradycardia)-ic (gastric)-ical (chemical)-ium (cardium)-ous (mucous)-tic (pancreatic)-us (hydrocephalus)

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More Suffixes!

-algia, -algesia – pain-cele – herniation, swelling-cide – killing, agent that kills-cyte - cell-emia – blood condition-ism – condition, disease-ist – specialist-itis – inflammation-logist – one who studies, specialist-logia, -logy – the study of-lysis – destruction, break down-megaly – enlarged-oid – resembling, like

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MORE SUFFIXES

-oma – tumor, mass-opia, -opsia – vision-osis – condition of-pathy – disease-plasm – growth/formation of tissue-pnea – breath, breathing-porosis – porous, decrease in density-ptosis – drooping, prolapsed-ptysis – spitting, spit up-spasm – twitching, involuntary contraction-therapy – treatment

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ROOT

A root is the basic element of a word, and it is the foundation on which the meaning of a word is built.

Many roots are real words in their own right and term. Although these roots can have other elements, they don't need other elements to be complete.

A root can be a whole word or a part of a word. Roots come from many different languages, mainly Greek and Latin, and find their way into English.

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Rules!

To define medical terms, divide or slash them into their component parts; these word components are called prefixes, suffixes, and roots.

Use the hyphen ( - ) after the word component to indicate that it is a prefix; use it after the combining form to indicate that it needs a suffix; use it before the word component to indicate it is a suffix.

For example: Epi-gastr/o/-cele

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More Rules!

Use the combining vowel “o” when a suffix begins with a consonant. i.e Termin/o/logy

Use the combining vowel “o” when combining two roots only if the second root begins with a consonant. i.e. Pneum/o/thorax

Do not use the combining vowel “o” if you are combining a second root that begins with a vowel or a suffix that begins with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y). i.e. Pneum/arthr/osis

Add –y to a word to indicate a procedure (gastroscopy) or –ly to indicate an act or process (splenomegaly).

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And More Rules!!

The suffix –osis always denotes a condition (usually abnormal). When combined with the color roots erythr/o- (red) and leuk/o- (white), it represents a condition of abnormally increased blood cells.

Most of the time, word components denoting color are used as prefixes. However, sometimes they are the root of the medical term.

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ROOTS: Colors

Alb/o, Albin/o, Leuk/o – whitewhite Chlor/o – greengreen Cirrh/o – orange-yelloworange-yellow Cyan/o – blueblue Eosin/o, Erythr/o, Rhod/o, Rose/o, Rubr/i/o – red, rosyred, rosy Flav/o, Jaund/o, Lute/o, Xanth/o – yellowyellow Fusc/o – dark browndark brown Glauc/o – gray, bluish greenan/o – blackblack Poli/o, Tephr/o – gray, ashengray, ashen Purpur/i - purplepurple

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THE BODY

BLOOD CARDIOVASCULAR ENDOCRINE GASTROINTESTINAL INTEGUMENTARY LYMPHATIC/IMMUNE MUSCULAR NERVOUS

REPRODUCTIVE – FEMALE

REPRODUCTIVE – MALE

RESPIRATORY SENSES (5) SKELETAL URINARY

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BLOOD SYSTEM

• Agglutin/o – clumping• Amyl/o - starch• Anis/o – unequal• Angi/o – blood/ lymph vessels• Arteri/o - artery• Bas/o, basi/o – base, foundation• Coagul/o – coagulation, clotting• Eosin/o – red, rosy, dawn• Erythr/o – red• Ferr/i, ferr/o – iron• Granul/o – granules• Haem/a, hem/o, hemat/o - blood

BLOOD SYSTEM

• Kal/i – potassium• Leuk/o – white• Myel/o – bone marrow, spinal cord• Natr/o – sodium• Neutr/o –neutral• Norm/o – normal, usual• Phleb/o - vein• Phosphat/o – phosphate• Poikil/o – variation, irregular• Pykn/o, pycn/o – thick, dense• Rhod/o – red, rosy

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BLOOD SYSTEM

• Sangu/i, sanguin/o – blood• Sapr/o – rotten, decay• Schist/o – split, cleft• Ser/o – serum, serous• Sider/o – iron• Spher/o – round, sphere• Strept/o – twisted, curved• Thromb/o – clot, thrombus• Vas/o, vascul/o – blood vessel• Ven/o - vein

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PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER

1. Hem/o/lysis - ______________________2. Hyper/kal/emia - ___________________3. Thromb/o/pheresis - ________________4. Hyp/o/volemia - ____________________5. Erythr/o/cyte - _____________________6. Phleb/itis - ________________________7. Hemat/o/logy - _____________________

2525©2009 by Flex Ed All Rights Reserved©2009 by Flex Ed All Rights Reserved


1. Hem/o/lysis –

2. Hyper/kal/emia –

3. Thromb/o/pheresis -

4. Hyp/o/volemia –

5. Erythr/o/cyte –

6. Phleb/itis –

7. Hemat/o/logy -

Blood breakdown Excess potassium in the blood Clot removal Low blood volume Red blood cell Vein inflammation Study of blood

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CARDIOVASCULAR

• Cardium – the heart• Cardi/o – heart• Angi/o – vessel• Aort/o – aorta• Arteri/o - artery• Ather/o – fatty substance, plaque• Atri/o – atrium• Coron/o – heart• Embol/o – embolus, clot• Isch/o – supress, restraint• Mi/o – less, smaller• My/o - muscle

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CARDIOVASCULAR

• Palpit/o, palpitat/o – flutter, throbbing• Rhe/o – flow, current, stream• Sphygm/o – pulse• Tel/e – distant, far, end• Valv/o, valvul/o – valve• Varic/o – varicose veins• Vas/o, vascul/o – vessel• Ven/o – vein• Ventricul/o – heart/ brain ventricle• Venul/o - venule

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1. Cardi/o/megaly - ____________________

2. Cardi/o/my/o/pathy - _________________

3. Brady/card/ia - _____________________

4. Tachy/card/ia - _____________________

5. Peri/card/ium - _____________________

6. My/o/card/ia - ______________________

7. Sphygm/o/man/o/meter - _____________

8. Arteri/o/scler/osis - __________________

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1. Cardi/o/megaly -

2. Cardi/o/my/o/pathy

3. Brady/card/ia -

4. Tachy/card/ia -

5. Peri/card/ium -

6. My/o/card/ia -

7. Sphygm/o/man/o/meter -

8. Arteri/o/scler/osis -

• Enlarged heart• Heart muscle disease• Slow heart rate• Fast heart rate• Sac around the heart• Heart muscle• Blood pressure cuff• Hardening of the arteries

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DIRECTIONAL TERMS

Medial, Medi/o – midline, toward the center (middle) Lateral, Later/o – towards the side, away from the

midline Superior, Super/o – above, over Inferior, Infer/o – below, under Proximal, Proxim/o – near, closest to the origin Distal, Dist/o – away from, farthest from the origin

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DIRECTIONAL TERMS

Cranial, crani/o – toward the head Caudal, caud/o – toward the back or tail Dorsal, dors/o – near upper surface, back Ventral, ver/o – toward the bottom, front

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Posterior, poster/o – back, behind, after, toward the rear Anterior, anter/o – front, in front of


1. Mediosuperior –2. Inferolateral –3. Laterosuperior –4. Inferomedial –5. Posterosuperior –6. Anterolateral –7. Posteromedial –8. Proximolateral -

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1. Mediosuperior –2. Inferolateral –3. Laterosuperior –4. Inferomedial –5. Posterosuperior –6. Anterolateral –7. Posteromedial –8. Proximolateral -

Middle, upperBelow, to the sideTo the side, upperBelow, middleBack, upperFront, to the sideBack, middleClosest to the point of origin, to the side

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

• Acr/o – extremities• Aden/o – gland• Adren/o – adrenal glands• Cortic/o – cortex• Crin/o – secrete, separate• Gluc/o, glyc/o – glucose, sugar• Hirsut/o – hairy• Hormon/o – hormone• Hidr/o - sweat

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• Sial/o - saliva• Thym/o – thymus gland• Thyr/o, thyriod/o – thyroid

gland• Tox/o, toxic/o – poison,

toxins• Troph/o – growth,

nourishment

MATCH THE TERMS

1. Adrenalectomy

2. Adrenalitis

3. Pancreatalgia

4. Pancreatolith

5. Corticoadrenal

6. Crinogenic

7. Hirsutism

8. Hormonopoiesis

9. Pinealopathy

A. Pancreatic stone

B. Pertaining to the cortex adrenal glands

C. Condition of being hairy

D. Removal of adrenal glands

E. Hormone formation

F. Disease of the pineal gland

G. Pain in the pancreas

H. Inflammed adrenal glands

I. Production of secretions

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MATCH THE TERMS

1. Adrenalectomy

2. Adrenalitis

3. Pancreatalgia

4. Pancreatolith

5. Corticoadrenal

6. Crinogenic

7. Hirsutism

8. Hormonopoiesis

9. Pinealopathy

– Removal of adrenal glands– Inflammed adrenal glands– Pain in the pancreas– Pancreatic stone– Cortex and adrenal glands– Production of secretions– Condition of being hairy– Hormone formation– Disease of the pineal gland

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GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM

• Abdomin/o – abdomen

• Amyl/o – starch

• An/o – anus

• Bil/i – bile

• Bucc/o – cheek

• Cec/o – cecum

• Celi/o – abdomen

• Chol/e – gall, bile

• Cholecyst/o - gallbladder

• Col/o – colon

• Dent/i - tooth

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• Dips/o – thirst• Duoden/o – doudenum• Enter/o – intestines• Esophag/o – esophogus• Gastr/o – stomach• Gingiv/o – gums• Gloss/o – tongue• Hepat/o – liver• Ile/o – ileum• Jejun/o - jejunum

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Please pass the thingy for the

thingy.


• Lapar/o – abdominal wall• Lingu/o – tongue• Odont/o – tooth• Or/o – mouth• Orth/o – straight, normal,

correct• Palat/o – palate• Peps/o - digestion• Peritone/o – peritoneum• Phag/o – eating, ingestion• Proct/o – rectum, anus

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• Ptyal/o, sial/o – saliva• Pyr/o – heat, fever, fire• Rect/o – rectum• Sigmoid/o – sigmoid colon• Staphyl/o – uvula• Stomat/o - mouth

FILL IN THE BLANKS

• Cholescystectomy - _______________________• Colonoscopy - ____________________________• Hepatomegaly - __________________________• Abdominocentesis - _______________________• Biligenesis – _____________________________• Colostomy - _____________________________• Enteroclysis - ____________________________• Esophagocele - ___________________________• Epigastric - ______________________________• Gingivitis - ______________________________• Laparoscope - ____________________________

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FILL IN THE BLANKS

• Cholescystectomy • Colonoscopy • Hepatomegaly • Abdominocentesis • Biligenesis • Colostomy

• Enteroclysis • Esophagocele • Epigastric • Gingivitis • Laparoscope

Removal of the gallbladder

Examination of the colon

Enlarged liver

To draw fluid from the abdomen

The production of bile

Forming an opening between the colon and the abdominal wall

Irrigation/washing of the intestines

Swelling/herniation of esophagus

Pertaining to above the stomach

Inflammed gums

Instrument to examine abdomen4242

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

• Acanth/o – thorny, spiny• Actin/o – ray, radiation• Brom/o – odor• Caus/o, cauter/o – burn• Chrom/o – color• Chrys/o – gold• Cutane/o – skin• Derm/o, dermat/o – skin• Erythem/o – flushed, redness• Eschar/o – scab• Hidr/o, sud/o - sweat

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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

• Lepid/o – flakes, scales• Lepr/o – leprosy• Onych/o, Ungu/o – nail• Papul/o – papule, pimple,

acne• Perspir/o – breathe

through• Pil/o, Trich/o – hair• Prurit/o, Psor/o – itching

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• Py/o – pus• Rhytid/o – wrinkle• Seb/o – sebum• Steat/o – fat• Ul/o – scar, scarring• Verruc/i – wart• Xer/o - dry

MATCH THE TERMS

• Causalgia• Dermatopathy• Escharectomy• Onychomycosis• Lepidosis• Dermatitis• Xeroderma• Papulosis• Verrucosis• Hyperulosis

• Condition of fungal nails• Removal of a scab• Burning pain• Skin inflammation• Skin disease• Condition of pimples, acne• Condition of flaky skin• Excessive scarring• Dry skin• Condition of warts

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LYMPHATIC/IMMUNE SYSTEM

• Adenoid/o – adenoids• Axill/o – armpit• Immun/o – protection,

immune• Lien/o – spleen• Lymph/o – lymph• Lymphaden/o – lymph

nodes• Nod/o – knot• Ple/o - more

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• Sarc/o – flesh• Septic/o –the immune

response to a severe infection, putrefaction

• Splen/o – spleen• Tetan/o – tetanus• Tonsill/o – tonsils• Top/o – particular place or

area• Vaccin/o - vaccine

FILL IN THE BLANKS

• Axillary lymphadenitis - ______________• Lymphedema - _____________________• Splenemphraxis - ___________________• Lymphangiophlebitis - ________________• Prophylaxis - _______________________• Septicemia - _______________________• Tonsillitis - ________________________• Lienomalacia - ______________________• Nodular - __________________________

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FILL IN THE BLANKS

• Axillary lymphadenitis

• Lymphedema • Splenemphraxis • Lymphangio-

phlebitis • Prophylaxis • Septicemia

• Tonsillitis • Lienomalacia • Nodular

– Inflammation of the lymph nodes in the armpits

– Lymph swelling– Spleen obstruction– Venous inflammation of the

lymphatic vessels– Prevention of a disease– Immune response to a severe

blood infection– Inflammation of the tonsils– Softening of the spleen– Pertaining to knots

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MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

• Asthen/o - weakness• Aux/o – growth, acceleration• Erg/o – work• Fasci/o –fascia, connective

tissue• Fibr/o – fiber, fibrous• Flect/o, flex/o – bend• Kinesi/o – movement• Lei/o –smooth• Ligament/o – ligament• Muscul/o, my/o, myos/o –

muscle

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• Pale/o – old• Pyg/o – buttock• Rhabd/o - rod

• Rhabdomy/o - skeletal muscle• Rot/o, Rotat/o – turn, rotate, revolve• Sthen/o – strength• Syndesm/o – ligament, connective tissue• Ten/o, Tenont/o – tendon• Therapeut/o – treatment• Ton/o – tone, tension

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• Ankyl/o – stiff, crooked, bent• Arthr/o, Articul/o – joint• Brachi/o – arm• Burs/o – bursa• Calcane/o – heel• Carp/o – wrist• Centr/o – center• Cephal/o – head• Cervic/o – cervix, neck of the

uterus• Cheir/o, Chir/o – hand• Chondr/o - cartilage

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• Cleid/o – clavicle• Coccyg/o – coccyx, tailbone• Cost/o – rib• Cox/o – hip• Crani/o – skull• Cubit/o – elbow, forearm• Dactyl/o – digit of finger/toe• Dent/o – tooth, teeth• Faci/o – face• Femor/o – femur• Fibul/o – fibula, small calf

bone• Geni/o – chin

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• Gnath/o – jaw• Gnos/o – knowledge• Goni/o – angle• Gyr/o – circle, spiral• Humer/o – humerus, upper arm bone• Ili/o – ilium, bone in pelvis• Ischi/o – ischium, lower back hip

bone• Kyph/o – humpback• Lamin/o – lamina, plate or layer• Lip/o – fat• Lord/o – curvature, bending• Lox/o – oblique, slanting• Lumb/o – lower back, loin

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• Maxill/o – maxilla, upper jaw• Mel/o – limb, limbs• Om/o – shoulder• Opisth/o – backward, behind• Oste/o – bone• Patell/o – patella, knee cap• Ped/o, pod/o – foot• Pelv/i – pelvis• Perone/o – fibula, small calf bone• Petr/o – stone• Phalang/o – phalanges, finger/

toe bones5454


• Pub/o – pubis• Rachi/o – spine• Sacr/o – sacrum, triangular

bone @ bottom of spine & back of pelvic cavity

• Scapul/o – scapula, shoulder blade

• Scoli/o – crooked, twisted• Skelet/o – skeleton• Spin/o – spinal cord, spine• Spondyl/o – vertebrae,

spinal cord• Stern/o – sternum

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• Synov/o – synovia, joint fluid membrane

• Tal/o – talus, bone connecting leg to foot

• Tars/o – tarsus, foot bone, edge of eyelid

• Tibi/o – tibia, large calf bone• Vertebr/o – vertebra• Xiph/o – sword-shaped,

xiphoid

MATCH THE TERMS

‗ Bursitis‗ Hydrocephalus‗ Lipochondroma‗ Intercostal‗ Myasthenia‗ Pygalgia‗ Arthritis‗ Craniotomy‗ Kyphoscoliosis‗ Myocarcinoma

e

h

j

a

d

b

f

c

g

i

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a. Between ribs

b. Pain in the buttocks

c. Cut into skull

d. Muscle weakness

e. Inflammation of bursa

f. Joint inflammation

g. Humpback/crooked spineh. Fluid in the head

i. Cancer tumor in muscle

j. Tumor of fat & cartilage

NERVOUS SYSTEM

• Astr/o – star• Atel/o – incomplete,

imperfect• Cerebell/o – cerebellum• Cerebr/o – cerebrum, brain• Drom/o – running• Encephal/o – brain• Esthesi/o – sensation,

feeling• Gangli/o, Ganglion/o – a

cyst on/around joint/tendon• Gli/o – glue, neuroglia

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• Heli/o – sun• Hydr/o – water, hydrogen• Keraun/o – lightning• Log/o – word, speech,

thought• Mening/o – meninges,

membranes• Ment/o – mind• Myel/o – spinal cord, bone

marrow

NERVOUS SYSTEM

• Narc/o – numbness, stupor

• Neur/o – nerve• Phaner/o – visible,

apparent• Phob/o – fear, aversion• Phren/o – mind,

diaphragm• Picr/o – bitter• Pies/i – pressure• Pleg/o - paralyzed• Poli/o – gray (matter)• Por/o – opening,

passageway5858

• Psych/o – mind• Psychr/o – cold• Radicul/o – nerve root• Rhiz/o – root• Schiz/o – split, division• Somn/i – sleep• Syring/o – tube, fistula• Tax/o – coordination• Tel/o – end• Tephr/o – gray (ashen)• Thanat/o – death• Thec/o – sheath• Vag/o – vagus nerve

FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Atelomyelia - ____________________________2. Cerebellospinal - _________________________3. Encephalomalacia - _______________________4. Esthesioneurosis - ________________________5. Gliocyte - _______________________________6. Hypnotic - _______________________________7. Insomnia - ______________________________8. Meningocele - ___________________________9. Myelocele - _____________________________10.Neurotripsy - ____________________________11. Vagolysis - ______________________________

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FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Atelomyelia

2. Cerebellospinal

3. Encephalomalacia

4. Esthesioneurosis

5. Gliocyte

6. Hypnotic

7. Insomnia

8. Meningocele

9. Myelocele

10.Neurotripsy

11.Vagolysis

− Imperfect spinal cord− Pertaining to cerebellum/spine− Softening of the brain− Condition of nerve sensation− Cell glue− Pertaining to sleep− Condition of not sleeping− Membrane swelling/herniation− Spinal cord swelling/herniation− Nerve break down− Vagus nerve destruction

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Reproductive System: FEMALE

• Amni/o – sac around the embryo• Cervic/o –neck of the uterus, cervix• Chor/i – chorion, two layers that surround the

embryo/amniotic sac and other membranes• Colp/o, vagin/o – vagina• Culd/o – cul-de-sac• Embry/o – embryo, fetus• Episi/o, vulv/o – vulva• Fet/o – fetus• Galact/o, lact/o – milk• Gravid/o - pregnancy• Gynec/o – woman

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Reproductive System: FEMALE

• Helc/o – ulcer• Hymen/o – hymen, membrane that surrounds the

vaginal opening• Hyster/o, uter/o – uterus• Lecith/o – yolk, ovum• Mamm/o – mammary glands in breast• Mast/o – breast• Men/o – menses, menstruation• Metr/o – uterus• Nat/o – birth• O/o, ov/i, ov/o – egg, ovum• Obstetr/o – midwife

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FEMALE Continued

• Omphal/o – navel• Oophor/o, ovari/o – ovary• Perine/o – perineum, surface area between the pubic

arch, the tailbone, & the legs (male or female)• Per/o – deformed, maimed• Sacchar/o – sugar• Salping/o – fallopian tubes• Terat/o – monster, wonder• Thel/o – nipple• Toc/o – childbirth, labor• Tub/o – tube• Viv/i – life, alive

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MATCH THE TERMS

‗ Amniocentesis‗ Cervicovaginitis‗ Ovariocyesis‗ Episiostenosis‗ Hysterosalpingooph

or-ectomy‗ Lactorrhea ‗ Menopause ‗ Menorrhagia‗ Neonatology‗ Septipara

a. hardening of the vulvab. milk dischargec. study of new birthd. to puncture/tap into the wall of

the uterus to draw out amniotic fluid

e. menstrual cessationf. seven pregnanciesg. excessive menstrual flowh. inflamed cervix and vaginai. removal of the uterus, fallopian

tubes, and ovariesj. pregnancy in an ovary

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d.d.

h.h.

j.j.

a.a.

i.i.

b.b.

e.e.

g.g.

c.c.

f.f.

Reproductive System: MALE

• Andr/o – male• Balan/o – glans penis, tip of the

penis• Blenn/o - mucus• Crypt/o – hidden, concealed• Epididym/o – epididymis• Genit/o – reproduction• Gon/o – genitals, semen• Gonad/o – gonads, primary

reproductive organs (testes-male, ovaries-female)

• Inguin/o - groin• Olig/o – scanty, few, little• Orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o – testis

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Reproductive System: MALE

• Osche/o – scrotum• Phall/o – penis• Phim/o – muzzle• Prostat/o – prostate glands• Semen/i - semen• Sperm/o, spermat/o – sperm, spermatozoa• Test/o, testicul/o – testis• Vas/o – vas deferens, vessel• Venere/o – sexual intercourse• Vesicul/o – seminal vesicle, gland that produces

70% of the fluid that becomes semen

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FILL IN THE BLANKS

• Balanoblennorrhea - _________________• Gonorrhea - _______________________• Oligospermia - _____________________• Orchidynia - _______________________• Oscheoplasty - _____________________• Phallemphraxis - ____________________• Spermicide - _______________________• Vasectomy - _______________________

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FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Balanoblennorrhea

2. Gonorrhea

3. Oligospermia

4. Orchidynia

5. Oscheoplasty

6. Phallemphraxis

7. Spermicide

8. Vasectomy

1. Mucus discharge from the glans penis

2. Genital discharge

3. Pertaining to low sperm

4. Pain in the testis

5. Scrotum corrective surgery

6. Penis obstruction

7. Sperm killer

8. Removal of vas deferens

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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

• Alveol/o – alveolus• Aspir/o, aspirat/o – inhaling,

removal• Blenn/o – mucus• Bronch/o – bronchus, airway• Bronchiol/o – bronchiole• Capn/o – carbon dioxide• Coni/o – dust• Epiglott/o – epiglottis• Lal/o – speech, babble• Lampr/o – clear• Laryng/o – larynx

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• Lept/o – slender, thin, delicate

• Lob/o – lobe• Mediastin/o – mediastinum,

central area of thoracic cavity• Nas/o – nose• Olfact/o, osm/o, osphresi/o –

sense of smell, odor, impulse• Ox/o – oxygen• Pector/o – chest• Phas/o – speech

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

• Phon/o – voice, sound• Phren/o – diaphragm, mind• Pimel/o - fat, fatty• Pleur/o – pleura• Pnea – breathing, breath• Pneum/o, pneumon/o –

lung, air• Pulmon/o – lung• Respir/o, respirat/o –

breath, breathing• Rhin/o – nose

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• Sept/o – partition• Silic/o – silica, quartz• Sin/o, sinus/o – cavity, sinus• Span/o – scanty, scarce• Spir/o – breath, breathing• Steth/o – chest• Therm/o – heat• Thorac/o, thorax/o – chest• Trache/o – trachea

MATCH THE TERMS

‗ Apnea‗ Alveolar atelectasis‗ Bronchospasm‗ Epiglottitis‗ Hemoptysis‗ Hemothorax‗ Hypercapnia‗ Hypoxia‗ Laryngoscope‗ Pneumonitis‗ Spirometry‗ Stethoscope‗ Thoracentesis‗ Trachealmalacia

a) condition of excessive carbon dioxideb) to puncture/tap to draw fluid from the

thoracic cavityc) blood in the thoracic cavityd) trachea softeninge) instrument to examine the larynxf) inflammation of the epiglottisg) without breathingh) instrument to examine/listen to chesti) incomplete expansion of alveolij) low/deficient oxygenk) lung inflammationl) spitting up bloodm) to measure breathingn) airway contraction/twitching

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g.g.i.i.n.n.f.f.l.l.c.c.a.a.j.j.e.e.k.k.m.m.h.h.b.b.d.d.

URINARY SYSTEM

• Albumin/o – albumin• Azot/o – nitrogen, urea• Calci/o – calcium• Cali/o – calyx• Cupr/o - copper• Cyst / o – bladder• Fusc/o – dark brown• Glomerul/o - glomerulus• Glyc/o, gluc/o – sugar• Keton/o – ketones• Lith/o – stone, calculus

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• Nephr/o – kidney• Py/o – pus• Pyel/o – renal pelvis• Ren/o – kidney• Ur/o, urin/o – urine• Ureter/o – ureter• Urethr/o – urethra• Uric/o – uric acid• Vesic/o – urinary

bladder

FILL IN THE BLANKS

• Cholecystectomy - ________________________• Cystitis - ________________________________• Hematuria - _____________________________• Nephrolithectomy - _______________________• Nephrology - ____________________________• Nephrosclerosis - _________________________• Pyuria - _________________________________• Renogastric - ____________________________• Ureterostomy - ___________________________• Urethratresia - ___________________________

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FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Cystectomy

2. Cystitis

3. Hematuria

4. Nephrolithectomy

5. Nephrology

6. Nephrosclerosis

7. Pyuria

8. Renogastric

9. Ureterostomy

10.Urethratresia

− Removal of the bladder− Bladder/cyst inflammation− Pertaining to blood in the urine− Removal of kidney stones− The study of the kidneys− Hardening of the kidneys− Pus in the urine− Pertaining to the kidneys & stomach− Forming a new opening for the ureter− Occlusion of the urethra

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FIVE SENSES: HEARING

• Acous/o, acoust/o - hearing• Audi/o, audit/o – hearing• Aur/o - ear• Aricul/o – ear• Cochle/o – snail-shaped,

auditory portion of inner ear• Myring/o - eardrum• Ot/o – ear• Son/o - sound• Tympan/o - eardrum

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FIVE SENSES: SMELL

• Nas/o – nose• Olfact/o – smell• Osm/o – smell• Ophresi/o - smell• Rhin/o - nose

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I smell trouble!

FIVE SENSES: TOUCH

• Haph/e – touch• Pselaphes/o – touch• Tact/o – touch• Thigm/o - touch

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FIVE SENSES: TASTE

• Gloss/o - tongue• Gustat/o – taste• Gust/o – taste• Lingu/o - tongue• Or/o – mouth• Stomat/o – mouth

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FIVE SENSES: VISION

• Blephar/o, palpebr/o – eyelid

• Conjunctiv/o – conjunctiva, thin membrane that covers the inside of the eyelid & outside of eyeball

• Cor/o, pupill/o – pupil• Corne/o – cornea• Dacry/o – tear• Dipl/o – double• Hygr/o – moisture• Ir/o, irid/o – iris• Kerat/o – cornea

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• Lacrim/o – tear/lacrimal duct

• Logad/o – whites of the eyes

• Ocul/o – eye• Ophry/o – eyebrow• Ophthalm/o – eye• Opt/o – vision• Phac/o, phak/o – lens• Retin/o – retina• Scler/o – sclera• Stigmat/o – point• Uve/o – uvea• Vitre/o - glassy

MATCH THE TERMS

1. Acoustic2. Myringosis3. Otodynia4. Otorrhea5. Nasopharyngeal6. Osmosis7. Rhinoplasty8. Rhinohemorrhagia9. Haphephobia10.Haphalgia11.Thigmesthesia12.Glossoepiglottic13.Glossodynia14.Stomatopathy15.Blepharoptosis16.Conjunctivitis17.Diplopia18.Opthalmologist19.Phacomalacia

a) Pain in the earb) Pertaining to the nose and pharynxc) Condition of smellingd) Surgical repair/correction of the nosee) Pertaining to hearingf) Ear dischargeg) Condition of the eardrumh) Painful touchi) Pertaining to the tongue and epiglottisj) Drooping eyelidk) Excessive blood flow from the nosel) Eye specialistm) Sensation of touchn) Fear of being touchedo) Double visionp) Tongue painq) Softening of the lens of the eyer) Inflammation of the conjunctivas) Disease of the mouth

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MATCH THE TERMS

1. Acoustic2. Myringosis3. Otodynia4. Otorrhea5. Nasopharyngeal6. Osmosis7. Rhinoplasty8. Rhinohemorrhagia9. Haphephobia10.Haphalgia11.Thigmesthesia12.Glossoepiglottic13.Glossodynia14.Stomatopathy15.Blepharoptosis16.Conjunctivitis17.Diplopia18.Opthalmologist19.Phacomalacia

a) Pain in the earb) Pertaining to the nose and pharynxc) Condition of smellingd) Surgical repair/correction of the nosee) Pertaining to hearingf) Ear dischargeg) Condition of the eardrumh) Painful touchi) Pertaining to the tongue and epiglottisj) Drooping eyelidk) Excessive blood flow from the nosel) Eye specialistm) Sensation of touchn) Fear of being touchedo) Double visionp) Tongue painq) Softening of the lens of the eyer) Inflammation of the conjunctivas) Disease of the mouth

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TERMS THAT DON’T FOLLOW THE RULES

• Antispasmodic – drug agent that supresses involuntary contractions

• Aphagia – difficulty or loss of the ability to swallow or eat• Sumptomatology – the study of symptoms• Perianal – pertaining to around the anus• Thrombus – a solid mass formed in the heart or vessels

(blood clot)• Lithotomy – incision to remove a stone• Uremia – pertaining to urea in the blood• Emphysema – a pathologic accumulation of air in tissues

or organs• Pyocele – collection of pus in a bodily cavity

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• Pneumothorax – air in the chest / thorax• Diplegia – paralysis of like parts on both sides of

the body• Leukemia – progressive, malignant disease of

the blood forming organs, a type of cancer• Multipara – a woman who has had two or more

births• Autodiagnosis – self diagnosis


• Contraindication – any condition that renders a treatment as improper or undesirable

• Transposition – displacement of a viscus to the opposite side

• Acute – having sudden severe symptoms, usually life-threatening

• Angina – chest pain• Cellular – pertaining to cells• Deltoid – resembling a triangle, rotator cuff, muscle in

shoulder

Questions?

introduction to medical terminology

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