introduction to mis
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction to MIS 1
Copyright © 1998-2002 by Jerry Post
Introduction to MIS
BUSI 100
Jerry Post
Introduction to MIS 2
Outline What is MIS? Why MIS is Important? What are e-commerce and e-business? What do Managers do? Business & Technology Trends Re-engineering: Altering the Rules Management and Decision Levels An Introduction to Strategy Cases: Fast Food Industry Appendix: Finding Information
Introduction to MIS 3
What is MIS? Information
Data that has been put into a meaningful and useful context.
Management Information System A combination of computers and people that is used to
provide information to aid in making decisions and managing a firm.
Information Technology (IT)
Introduction to MIS 4
Goal of This Class How can MIS help you do your job?
Understand the technology. Analyze business problems. An introduction to systems analysis. Identify types of problems that MIS can help solve
through cases. Ability to classify problems. Know when to call for help.
Introduction to MIS 5
Why is MIS Important? MIS affects all areas of business
Manufacturing Accounting & Finance Human resources Marketing
Performance evaluations—expectations
Introduction to MIS 6
What are e-Commerce and e-Business Business-to-Consumer (B2C)
Selling retail products to consumers
Business-to-Business (B2B) Selling at the wholesale level to other businesses
E-Business Using Internet technologies to conduct any level of business E-Commerce Intranets Most areas of MIS
Introduction to MIS 7
What do Managers do? Traditional
Organizing Planning Control
Mintzberg Interpersonal Informational Decisional
Luthans Traditional 50% Formal Communication 30% Networking 20%
Introduction to MIS 8
Managers and professionals spend considerable time in meetings. Providingsupport for teamwork and group decisions is an important issues in MIS.
Meetings
Introduction to MIS 9
12 3
Making Decisions Methodology v Ad Hoc Decisions Decision Process
Collect Data Identify Problems & Opportunities Make Choices
Introduction to MIS 11
Decentralization
Management TeamCEO
FinanceTeam
MarketingTeam
AccountingTeam
HRMTeam
SalesTeam
Franchise
Strategy
Methodology/Rules
Customers
CorporateDatabase
&Network
VPFin
VPMrkt
VPAcct
VPHRM
VPMIS
Introduction to MIS 12
Business Trends Changing business environment
Specialization Management by Methodology and Franchises Mergers Decentralization and Small Business Temporary Workers Internationalization Service-Oriented Business Re-engineering
Need for faster responses and flexibility
Introduction to MIS 13
Business Trends & Implications Specialization
Increased demand for technical skills Specialized MIS tools Increased communication
Methodology & Franchises Reduction of middle management Increased data sharing Increased analysis by top management Computer support for rules Re-engineering
Mergers Larger companies Need for control and information Economies of scale
Decentralization & Small Business Communication needs Lower cost of management tasks Low maintenance technology
Introduction to MIS 14
Business Trends & Implications Temporary Workers
Managing through rules Finding and evaluating workers Coordination and control Personal advancement through technology Security
Internationalization Communication Product design System development and programming Sales and marketing
Service Orientation Management jobs are information jobs Customer service requires better information Speed
Introduction to MIS 15
Changing Business Environment US History:Farmer Laborer Management
Year Farm Mfg Mgt Service
1920 29% 44% 22% 6%
1940 23 38 30 8
1960 9 36 43 12
1980 3 32 52 13
2000 3 25 59 14
Introduction to MIS 16
Business Trend
Summary
Business Trend Implications for Technology
Specialization 1.Increased demand for technical skills2.Specialized MIS tools3.Increased communication
Methodology & Franchises 1.Reduction of middle management2.Increased data sharing3.Increased analysis by top management4.Computer support for rules5.Re-engineering
Mergers 1.Four or five big firms dominate most industries2.Need for communication3.Strategic ties to customers and suppliers
Decentralization & Small Business
1.Communication needs2.Lower cost of management tasks3.Low maintenance technology
Temporary Workers 1.Managing through rules2.Finding and evaluating workers3.Coordination and control4.Personal advancement through technology5.Security
Internationalization 1.Communication2.Product design3.System development and programming4.Sales and marketing
Service Orientation 1.Management jobs are information jobs2.Customer service requires better information3.Speed
Introduction to MIS 17
MIS Organization
Business Operations
TacticalManagement
Strategic
Mgt.
EIS
ESD
SSTr
ansa
ctio
n
Proc
ess
Con
trol
Introduction to MIS 18
Operations, Tactics,Strategy
Sector Operations Tactics Strategy
Production • Machine settings• Worker schedules• Maintenance sch.
• Rearrange work area• Schedule new products• Change inventory method
• New factory• New products• New industry
Accounting • Categorize assets• Assign expenses• Produce reports
• Inventory valuation• Depreciation method• Finance short/long term
• New GL system• Debt vs. equity• International taxes
Marketing • Reward salespeople• Survey customers• Monitor promotions
• Determine pricing• Promotional campaigns• Select marketing media
• Monitor competitors• New products• New markets
Introduction to MIS 19
Decision Levels
Decision Level
Description Example Type of Information
Strategic Competitive advantage, become a market leader. Long-term outlook.
New product that will change the industry.
External events, rivals, sales, costs quality, trends.
Tactical Improving operations without restructuring the company.
New tools to cut costs or improve efficiency.
Expenses, schedules, sales, models, forecasts.
Operations Day-to-day actions to keep the company functioning.
Scheduling employees, ordering supplies.
Transactions, accounting, human resource management, inventory.
Introduction to MIS 20
Introduction to Strategy Risk & Reward Creativity Porter’s External Agents
Customers Suppliers Competitors Government
Introduction to MIS 21
Baxter/Strategy
Supply storeroom
Supply Closets
Hospital
Warehouse
American HospitalSupply
Supplier
Typical Supply Relationship
Supplier
Supplier
Introduction to MIS 22
Baxter/Strategy
Supply Closets
Hospital
Warehouse
American HospitalSupply
Supplier
Baxter
Supplier
Supplier
AHS/Baxter Computer Link
Computer
MonitorUsage data
DeliverSupplies as
needed
Accurate usage dataFree space
Introduction to MIS 23
Strategy/Porter
Rivalry AmongExisting Competitors
Bargaining Powerof Buyers
Bargaining Powerof Suppliers
Threat ofNew Entrants
Threat of SubstituteProducts or Services
Introduction to MIS 24
Strategy/Organization Strength
Source of strength Value of strength How can it be developed? What could undermine it? Development costs Additional benefits
(opportunities)
Weaknesses Effect on company Possible solutions Cost of solution Result and cost of leaving
as-is (do nothing)
Introduction to MIS 25
Cases: Fast Food Industry
McDonald’s uses a considerable amount of information technology to maintain consistency, monitor employees, and track sales.
Introduction to MIS 26
Cases: McDonald’s Rainforest CaféDave & Busters
www.mcdonalds.com
www.rainforestcafe.com
Dave and Busters
What is the company’s current status?
What is the Internet strategy?
How does the company use information technology?
What are the prospects for the industry?
Introduction to MIS 27
Appendix: Finding Information Organization
Boolean searches You know what you are searching for. You have a vague idea about what you want.
Introduction to MIS 28
Appendix: Boolean Searches
Truth Table
Colombia 1,889,871Medellin 37,682Medellin AND terrorism 575(terror OR bomb OR kidnap) 1,920,549(terrorism OR bombing OR kidnap) 1,012,458Medellin AND (terror OR bomb OR kidnap) 1,563Medellin AND (terror OR bomb OR kidnap)
AND AmericanAND (dead OR death) 535
Introduction to MIS 29
Appendix: Search EnginesFull text Web searchesAltavista www.altavista.comDogpile www.dogpile.comGoogle www.google.comLycos www.lycos.comSearch www.search.comWebcrawler www.webcrawler.comWisenut www.wisenut.com
Category Web searchesYahoo www.yahoo.com
People and businessesATT www.tollfree.att.netSuperpages www.superpages.comSwitchboard www.switchboard.com
Introduction to MIS 30
Appendix: You Know What You Want
ITT corporate merger with “white knight”.
ITT 81,801
ITT corporate merger 908
ITT corporate merger “white knight” 26
Details: Hilton attempted to buy ITT to gain controlof their Sheraton Inns. Instead, ITT sold out to a“white knight” (Starwood Lodging) in 1997.
Introduction to MIS 31
Appendix: You Start With a Vague Topic
“white knight” 47,000
“white knight” corporate 5,060
“white knight” corporateNOT (history, Canada, India) 2,820
“white knight” corporate mergerNOT (history, Canada, India) 699
“white knight” corporate mergerNOT (history, Canada, India, Germany, foreign) 463