introduction to oer - workshop
DESCRIPTION
Introduction to OER given at the Northern Rocky Mountain Education Research Association Annual Meeting in Park City, UT. Oct. 5, 2012. The first part of the deck is a remix/revision of some of David’s earlier slides. For those who’ve already seen David’s excellent intro to OER, skip to slide 37 for information on OER policy, implementation, business models, initiatives, and research.TRANSCRIPT
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Open Educational Resources
learning materials for all students
TJ BlissJohn HiltonDavid Wiley
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
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Education Is Sharing
the technical argument
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Teachers Share With Students
knowledge and skillsfeedback and criticism
encouragement
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Students Share With Teachers
questionsassignments
tests
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If There Is No Sharing
there is no education
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Successful Educators
share most completelywith the most students
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Knowledge is Magical
can be given without being given away
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Physical Expressions Are Not
to give a book you must give it away
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Expressions Are Different
To give a book you must give it away
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When Expressions Are Digital
they also become magical
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E.g., Online Book
We can all read simultaneously
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An Indescribable Advance
the first time in human history
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Both Knowledge and Expressions
can be given without being given away
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Unprecedented Capacity
we can share as never before
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Unprecedented Capacity
we can educate as never before
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What Does “Share” Mean?
online it means copy and distribute
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Cost of “Copy”
For one 250 page book:
• Copy by hand - $1,000
• Copy by print on demand - $4.90
• Copy by computer - $0.00084
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Cost of “Distribute”
For one 250 page book:
• Distribute by mail - $5.20
• Distribute by Internet - $0.00072
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Copy and Distribute are “Free”
this changes everything
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Educational Sharing
also means adapting or editing
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Sense-making, Meaning-making
connecting to prior knowledgerelating to past experience
(in an appropriate language)
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Digital Makes Editing “Free”
editing a printed book or magazine is difficult and expensive
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Free Copy, Distribute, Edit
we can share as never before
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Free Copy, Distribute, Edit
we can educate as never before
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Except We Can’t
© forbids copying, distributing, and editing
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© Cancels the Possibilities
of digital media and the internet
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InternetEnables
what to do?
CopyrightForbids
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use copyright to enforce sharing
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The 4Rs
Reuse – copy verbatimRedistribute – share with others
Revise – adapt and editRemix – combine with others
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Over 400 Million Items
using CC licenses at end of 2010
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The “Open” in OER
free permission to do the 4Rs
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InternetEnables
OERAllows
sharing and educating at unprecedented scale
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OER Policies
state, institution, district, school
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Higher Ed. State PoliciesA.B. 577 (CA) – Open Education Resource Centers
H.B. 1025 (WA) - Disclosure of course content informationH.B. 1946 (WA) - Re: sharing of instructional and other resourcesH.B. 4058A (OR) – Call for study of ways to reduce textbook costs
H.B. 5201 (FL) – Promote use and distribution of OERH.R. 1464 (US Congress) – Requires fed agencies collaborate on OER
K12 State PoliciesGeorgia Virtual Learning OER terms of use (GA)
H.B. 2336 (WA) – Form advisory committee on state-led OCWH.B. 2337 (WA) – Creation of state-led OCW
H.B. 6 (TX) – Instructional Materials AllotmentL.D. 569 (ME) – Establishes clearinghouse for info on use of OER (K12)
Rule R277-111 (UT) – Educators may use CC license on materials produced (K12)S.B. 6231 (WA) – Appropriation of textbook funds to OER development (K12)
H.B. 1941 (VA) - Permission for state employees to use CC licenses H.B. 2488 (TX) – Relating to OER adoption in public schools
S.B. 6460 (WA) – Requires model policy for open licensing of courseware
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Utah R277-111-3. Educators Sharing Materials.
A. Utah educators may share materials for noncommercial use that educators have developed primarily for use in their own classes, courses or assignments.
B. Utah educators may only share materials that they developed personally and may not unilaterally share materials that were purchased or developed by or on behalf of their public employer or the State.C. Utah educators may only share materials that are consistent with R277-515 Utah Educator Professional Standards. For example, educators may not share materials that advocate illegal activities or that are inconsistent with their legal and role model responsibilities as public employees and licensed educators.
D. Utah educators may share materials under a Creative Commons License and shall be personally responsible for understanding and satisfying the requirements of a Creative Commons License.E. The presumption of this rule is that materials may be shared. The presumption is that Utah
educators need not seek permission from their employers to share personally-developed materials. However public school employers may provide notice to employees that materials developed with public school funds or during public school employment must be reviewed by the employer prior to sharing or distribution.F. Public educators may not sell teacher curriculum materials developed in whole or in part with public education funds or developed within the employee's scope of employment to Utah educators.
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Funding OER Development
it’s not free
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Institutional Leadership
open courseware (OCW)
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OER Initiatives
state, institution, district
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OER Initiatives
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OER Business Models
the biggest challenge?
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Lots of “Hype” About OER
OER will save the world!OER save students money!
Students learn more from OER!
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From Rhetoric to Results
We have to answer these questions with high quality empirical research
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Open Education Groupopenedgroup.org
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COUP Framework
A comprehensive framework for asking questions about the practical impacts of
open educational resources
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COUP Framework
• Cost savings
• Outcomes in student learning
• Use by teachers and learners
• Perceptions of OER among users
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Cost and Outcomes
The Utah Open Textbook Project
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Utah Open Textbook Project
6000 students, 25 teachersHigh school science classrooms
Adapted CK12.org textbooks> 95% printed books
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Annual Cost Per Textbook
$4.99
$11.42
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http://opencontent.org/calculator/
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Difference in CRT Scores From Year(s) Before to Year(s) After
Mean Change: +5.9%
Teacher
% P
rofic
ienc
y
*
*
* *
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Use
Flat World Knowledge
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Revise / Remix Behavior
FWK provides editing tools to helpfaculty build custom books
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Flat World Knowledge
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Perceptions
Project Kaleidoscope
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Project Kaleidoscope
8 community colleges and 4-year schoolsCalifornia to New York
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Project Kaleidoscope
Cross-institutional faculty teamsAggregate OER-based textbook replacements
11 courses, 9,000 students in 2011-2012
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Teacher Perceptions of Kaleidoscope OER Quality
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Student Perceptions of Kaleidoscope OER Quality
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COUP Framework
• Cost savings
• Outcomes in student learning
• Use by teachers and learners
• Perceptions of OER among users
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Future OER Research
what do we still need to know?
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Locating and Identifying OER
where, what, how?
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www.oercommons.org
www.google.com/advanced_search?
www.curriki.org
www.merlot.org
www.montereyinstitute.org/nroc/