introduction to operating systems - innovative | inventive
TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to Operating Systems
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What is an Operating System
Software that manages hardware resources
Provides common services for applications
Hardware
Operating System
User
Application
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Characteristics of an OS
Whether multiple programs can run on it simultaneously: multi-tasking
Whether it can take advantage of multiple processors: multi-processing
Whether multiple users can run programs on it simultaneously: multi-user
Whether it can reliably prevent application programs from directly accessing hardware devices: protected
Whether it has built-in support for graphics
Whether it has built-in support for networks.
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Features of an OSProcess Management
Interrupts
Memory Management
File System
Device drivers
Networking
Security
I/O
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The History of OS
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First Generation (1945-1945)
Developed during the war
Vacuum Tubes
Many different automatic counting machines
Filled entire rooms
No Operating System
No Programming Language
Computers were hard wired to perform a task
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ENIAC
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Second Generation(1955-1965)
Transistors
More reliable
Became feasible to manufacture and sell computers
Jobs of computer operators became available
Batch jobs were introduced
First Operating Systems
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IBM 659
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Third Generation(1965-1980)
Integrated circuits replaced transistors
Start of multiprogramming led to a need for a more complex OS
Spooling
Concept of time sharing was introduced
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Apple I
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Fourth Generation(1980-Present)
Large scale integration
Directly led to the development of the personal computer
MS-DOS developed for the IBM PC
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Macintosh 128k
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