Introduction to Programming

Swift Playgrounds

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System Requirements⚫ iPad Version: 2nd Gen or higher (1st generation iPads will not

work!)⚫ Swift Playgrounds Application from Apple App Store.

Setup⚫ Open the Swift Playgrounds application and download the

modules named “Learn to Code 1” and “Learn to Code 2”. ⚫ Upgrade them to the latest version if you see the option to.

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Error Messages/Troubleshooting⚫ If you are stuck on any part of the lesson, you can feel free

to email dennisliu2006@yahoo.com for help (mention “IBM Family Science Swift Programming” in the email subject). Any questions about the lesson are welcome. If you are stuck on a coding section, please provide a short description of the problem and attach a screenshot of your code.

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Instructions to reset a lesson

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(1) Select lesson

(2) Select …

(3) Select Reset Page

Introduction⚫ What is programming or coding?

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Introduction⚫ Coding

⚫ Developers

⚫ A command

⚫ Sequence

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Introduction⚫ Coding is telling a computer what to do

⚫ Developers write code to build their apps and games

⚫ A command is a specific action for the computer to perform

⚫ Sequence is the order in which the commands are given

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Swift Playgrounds⚫ A Swift Playground is an app on iPad that allows a user to

write programs with Swift code.

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Alternatives to Swift⚫ Scratch -- https://scratch.mit.edu/

⚫ Grasshopper -- https://grasshopper.codes/

⚫ CodeMonkey -- https://www.codemonkey.com/

⚫ GDevelop -- https://editor.gdevelop-app.com/

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Quick Overview of Swift Playgrounds

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Code

Commands

Pull up the Keyboard

Quick Overview of Swift Playgrounds

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Code

Commands

Keyboard

Exercise 1/6: Warming up⚫ Open Learn to Code 1⚫ Issuing Commands section⚫ Goal is to collect the gem

⚫ Select Tap to code⚫ Pick the appropriate command from the bottom⚫ TYPE Run My Code on the right

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Exercise 1: Issuing Commands

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Exercise 1/6: Solution

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Think Like a Detective⚫ Bug

⚫ Debugging

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Think Like a Detective⚫ A bug is an error your code

⚫ Debugging is the process of identifying and fixing the error

⚫ During programming, you will come across situation when your program does not work as you planned.⚫ Be patient⚫ Think about the problem

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Functions⚫ Can you name some daily routines that you do that have

several steps?

17Brush teeth

Make sandwich

Functions⚫ A Function is a collection of commands grouped together

and given a name. The set of commands can then be run with just the name of the function whenever that set is needed⚫ MakeSandwich()

⚫ A parameter is extra information that gets passed to a function⚫ MakeSandwich(peanut butter, jelly, white bread)⚫ MakeSandwich(lettuce, tomato, wheat bread)

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Exercise 2/6: Functions⚫ Open Learn to Code 1⚫ Collect, Toggle and Repeat⚫ Select Tap to code⚫ Pick the appropriate command from the bottom⚫ TYPE Run My Code on the right

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Exercise 2/6: Functions

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Exercise 2: Solution

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For Loop⚫ A for loop runs a block of code over and over for a set of

number of times⚫ If you need to make many sandwiches for your guests ⚫ MakeSandwich()⚫ MakeSandwich()⚫ MakeSandwich()⚫ MakeSandwich()⚫ ….⚫ MakeSandwich()

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⚫ For number of guests in the party⚫ MakeSandwich()

Exercise 3/6: Loops⚫ Open Learn to Code 1⚫ To the Edge and Back⚫ Select Tap to code⚫ Pick the appropriate command from the bottom⚫ TYPE Run My Code on the right

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Exercise 3/6: Loops

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Exercise 3: Solution

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Conditional Code⚫ A condition is something you test that results in true or

false

⚫ If raining then ……

⚫ If trafficLighIsGreen then …..

⚫ If handsAreDirty then ….

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Conditional Code⚫ Conditional code is a block of code that will run on if

something is true

⚫ If trafficLightIsGreen { Car drives forward across the intersection} else { Wait()}

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Conditional Code⚫ A boolean is a value that can be either true or false⚫ A logical operator is a symbol or words like “and”, “or” and

“not” that connects two or more Booleans to make conditions decisions more specific.

⚫ AND (&&) – Results in true only if two statements are true;⚫ If (daylight) AND (not raining) then play outside

⚫ OR (||) – Results in true if one or both statements are true⚫ If (thirsty) OR (hungry) then goto McDonalds

⚫ NOT (!) – Results in true if the value is false or vice-versa⚫ If (NOT tired) then play outside

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While Loop⚫ A while loop is a loop that runs a block of code as long as

a condition is true.

⚫ When the condition is false, the loop stops running

⚫ While (iceCreamIsSoft) { keep in the freezer}Eat Ice Cream

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Exercise 4/6: While Loops⚫ Open Learn to Code 1⚫ The Running Code While⚫ Select Tap to code⚫ Pick the appropriate command from the bottom⚫ TYPE Run My Code on the right

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Exercise 4/6: While Loops

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Exercise 4/6: Solution

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Algorithms⚫ An algorithm is a step-by-step set of rules or instructions⚫ e.g. Navigation app uses an algorithm to figure out the

fastest path to where you want to go⚫ Compare distances and average speeds⚫ Compare current traffic conditions⚫ Select route with the shortest

⚫ Pseudocode is an information description of code or a concept that’s intended for human reading.

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Exercise 5/6: Algorithms⚫ Open Learn to Code 1⚫ The Right-Hand Rule⚫ Select Tap to code⚫ Pick the appropriate command from the bottom⚫ TYPE Run My Code on the right

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Exercise 5/6: Algorithms

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Exercise 5/6: Solution

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Variables⚫ A variable is a named container that stores a value.

The value can change over time.

⚫ A box has both a label and contents⚫ The contents can change⚫ The box’s content can be found by

finding the box with the correct label

⚫ A variable is similar to a box

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Exercise 6/6: Variables⚫ Open Learn to Code 2⚫ Seeking seven gems⚫ Select Tap to code⚫ Pick the appropriate command from the bottom⚫ TYPE Run My Code on the right

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Exercise 6/6: Solution

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Wrap up⚫ Introduction to

programming⚫ Concept Definition⚫ Issuing commands in

Swift Playground⚫ Writing functions

⚫ For Loops⚫ Condition code⚫ While Loops⚫ Algorithms⚫ Variables

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Things to try at home⚫ Arrays⚫ Build 3-d worlds

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Arrays⚫ An array is a collection that stores an ordered list of items⚫ An index is the number that represents the position of an

item in an array⚫ Imagine you are making an ice cream sundae

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Arrays⚫ Defining each ingredient as a constant is really repetitive.

Instead, use an array to store a list of items in a certain order.

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Arrays⚫ You can access and modify an element in the array by

using an index

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Exercise 7: Arrays⚫ Open Learn to Code 2⚫ Stacking Blocks⚫ Select Tap to code⚫ Pick the appropriate command from the bottom⚫ TYPE Run My Code on the right

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Exercise 7: Arrays

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Exercise 7: Solution

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Final Project: World Creation⚫ We will create a world using the coding concepts that we

just learned in the class.

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Exercise 8: World Creation⚫ Open Learn to Code 2⚫ World Creation⚫ Select Tap to code⚫ Pick the appropriate command from the bottom⚫ TYPE Run My Code on the right

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Exercise 8: World Creation

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Exercise 8: One solution

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Backup

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Recommended time for each topic including exercises⚫ Introduction – 10⚫ Issuing commands in

Swift Playground - 15⚫ Think Like a detective - 5⚫ Writing functions – 15 ⚫ For Loops – 15⚫ Condition code – 10

⚫ While Loops - 15⚫ Algorithms - 15⚫ Variables – 10⚫ Wrap up - 10

TOTAL class time = 2 hr 53