introduction to programming language & classification of software

8/3/2019 Introduction to Programming Language & Classification of Software

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Introduction to

Programming Language &

Classification of Software

Submitted by:

Shikha GuptaBBM- III

Section B



Computer software A computer system consists of two sub-systems:

• Computer hardware – physical units of a

computer system• Computer software – sets of programmed

instructions(programs)

It is the computer software which enables the

computer hardware to perform various activitiesand makes it a versatile machine.



Classification

Computer software can be classified into twocategories:

• System software – consists of sets of programsto support the efficient use of hardwareresources that include primary and secondary

memory, display, and other peripherals.For example – operating systems, language

translators, and utility programs.



• Application software – refers to programs or setsof programs that actually process data to

generate information under variousapplications.

For example – payroll processing system,

inventory control, information system, etc



System software

• Operating systems – It manages and controls theactivities of the computer that include control of input/output devices, scheduling of operations,

and monitoring the activities.For example – MS-DOS, Unix, Windows, etc

• Utility programs – These are pre-writtenprograms that are stored to be shared by various

users for routine, repetitive tasks.For example – sorting records, copying files, etc



Language translators – Computer programs that

are written in any of the computer languagesmust be converted into machine language. Thistask of conversion is performed by a systemsoftware known as language translator. They are

of two types:• Compiler

• Interpreter



Programming languages

Programming languages are the basic building blocks for all types of software. It allow users totell(instruct/program) computers what to do.Types of languages are:

• Machine language

•

Assembly language• High level languages

• Fourth generation languages

• Object-oriented languages



• Machine language: The internal representationof instructions and data in digital computers

• Assembly language: Instead of writing the binary digit language like acronyms and short words

are used• High-level languages: They require programmer

to describe the step by step procedure for solvinga particular problem



• Fourth generation languages: it enable users tospecify the results they want, while the computerdetermines the sequence of steps, or procedures

• Object oriented languages: it combines data andprocedures into objects they select objects from

a library and copy into specific location in theprogram.

introduction to programming language & classification of software

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