introduction to r3-sap r3 abap4 training
DESCRIPTION
basic AbapTRANSCRIPT
Introduction to SAP R/3 and ABAP/4
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Presentation Overview
• Objectives– To introduce audience to ERP
– To make audience aware of enterprise architecture
– To introduce audience to SAP R/3 application and modules
– To make audience aware of the concepts and architecture of R/3
– Give a brief introduction of some basic concepts of SAP R/3
• Pre-Requisites– Knowledge of open systems, client-server and 3 tier architecture
– Brief idea of enterprise structure would be an advantage
Presentation Overview
• Contents– Enterprise Architecture– History of SAP– SAP Modules– SAP’s Market Share– Overview of client server concepts– SAP R/3 System Architecture– Application Server Architecture– Overview of Presentation & Database Servers– SAP R/3 Conceptual Areas– Platforms and Databases supported by R/3– SAP R/3 Transaction Model– Basic SAP R/3 and ABAP/4 concepts– Introduction to ABAP/4– Introduction to Open SQL
• Demo– Presentation layer– Login and sessions– Transaction model
Enterprise Architecture
• Why Enterprise Architecture ?– Numerous disparate information systems, developed individually over time
– Integrating the data becomes costly - time, money, resources
– Inconsistencies and duplication of data
– Lack of timely information
– An integrated system was the need of the hour
SalesSales
ProductionPlanning
General LedgerGeneral Ledger
PurchasingPurchasing
CustomersCustomers
VendorsVendors
InventoryInventoryShop Floor execution
A/RA/R A/PA/P
Enterprise Architecture (Contd…2)
• What is Enterprise Architecture ?– An approach to constructing integrated systems
– Faster access to consistent information about business, markets and customers
– Central enterprise definitions
– Centrally controlled business change
PP
GL
Plants
Shop Floor
Sales
HRFA
AP
AR
Purchasing
Partner Systems
Payroll
TreasuryMarketing
Mfg.
Enterprise Architecture (Contd…3)
• Benefits of Enterprise Architecture ?– Eliminates the duplication, discontinuity and redundancy in data
– Increases the return on investment made on IT implementations
– Delivers quality information designed for the Enterprise as a whole
– Faster and cheaper
– Delivers quality information to produce a quality enterprise
E R P
History of SAP
• Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing– German : Systeme, Anwendungen, Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung
• Founded in 1972 by Wellenreuther, Hopp, Hector, Plattner and Tschira– Renamed in 1977
– Before 1977 : Systems Analysis and Program Development (German : Systemanalyse und Programmentwicklung)
• SAP is both the name of both the Company and their ERP Product
• SAP system comprises of a number of fully integrated modules, which covers virtually every aspect of the business management
• Three systems developed : R/1, R/2, R/3
SAP Modules
• Financial Modules– Financial Accounting (FI), Controlling (CO), Investment Management (IM) Treasury
(TR), Enterprise Control (EC)
• Logistics Modules– Materials Management (MM), Sales and Distribution (SD), Production Planning and
Control (PP), Product Data Management (PDM), Quality Management (QM), Plant Maintenance (PM), Service Management (SM), Project System (PS)
• Human Resource Management Modules– Personnel Management, Organizational Management, Payroll Accounting, Time
Management, Personnel Development
• Cross Application Modules– Workflow (WF), Business Information Warehouse (BIW), SAP Office
SAP R/3SAP R/3
SAP Modules (Contd…2)
SAP R/3SAP R/3
FIFI
WFWF
PSPS
PMPM
WMWM
PPPP
MMMM
SDSD
HRHR
AMAM
COCO
QMQM
PP – Production Planning
WM – Warehouse Management
PM – Plant Maintenance
AM – Asset Management
PS – Project System
MM – Materials Management
SD – Sales and Distribution
QM – Quality Management
WF – Workflow
HR – Human Resources
CO – Controlling
FI – Financial Accounting
SAP Modules (Contd…3)
SAP R/3SAP R/3
FIFIFinancial AccountingFinancial Accounting
WFWFWorkflowWorkflow
PSPSProject SystemProject System
QMQMQuality ManagementQuality Management
PMPMPlant MaintenancePlant Maintenance
WMWMWarehouse ManagementWarehouse Management
PPPPProduction PlanningProduction Planning
MMMMMaterials ManagementMaterials Management
SDSDSales & DistributionSales & Distribution
HRHRHuman ResourcesHuman Resources
AMAMFixed AssetsFixed AssetsManagementManagement
COCOControllingControlling
SAP Modules (Contd…4)
• Industry Specific Solutions (ISS)
– Aerospace & Defense, Automotive, Banking, Chemicals, Consumer Products Industry, Engineering & Construction, Healthcare, High Tech & Electronics, Insurance, Oil & Gas Industry, Pharmaceuticals, Public Sector, Retail, Telecommunications, Utilities
– System modifier
– Industry specific R/3 Package
Because every business has unique business logics and processes
SAP’s Market Share
Overview of client server concepts
SAP R/3 System Architecture
• SAP R/3 is usually configured on a three-tier architecture– Presentation layer, Application Layer and Database Server
• Presentation Layer– It is just a client end interface that helps the user interact with the application server.
• Application Servers– A set of executables that collectively manage the input and the output for ABAP/4
Programs.
– If ABAP/4 program requests information from the database, the application server will format the request and send it to the database server.
• Database Servers– The database server is a set of executables that accept the requests from the
application server.
– These requests are passed to the RDBMS which sends the data back to the database server
SAP R/3 System Architecture (Contd...2)
SAP R/3 System Architecture (Contd...3)
• Server Configurations
Application Server Architecture
• Components of an application server
Application Server Architecture (Contd…2)
• Roll-in / Roll-out Processing
Roll AreaPointers to
Roll Area
Application Server Architecture (Contd...3)
• Components of a Work Process
Overview of Presentation & Database Servers
• The Presentation Server– GUI only
– At workstation
– Very light
– Sends requests to application server
– Obtains screens from application server and displays
• The Database Server– Interface between application server and RDBMS
– Also holds the vendor specific DB driver
SAP R/3 Conceptual Areas
• Application Area– Initiate and execute SAP transactions
• Basis Area– The technical administration of the system
• Development Area– A developer’s workbench
– Create & Test ABAP/4 programs
Platforms and Databases supported by R/3
Operating Systems Supported Hardware Supported Front ends Supported Databases
AIX SINIX IBM SNI SUN Win 3.1/ 95 / NT DB2 for AIX
SOLARIS HP-UX Digital HP OSF / Motif Informix – Online
Digital Unix Bull OS/2
Macintosh
Oracle 7.1
ADABAS D
Windows NT AT&T Compaq
Bull / Zenith
HP (Intel) SNI
IBM (Intel)
Digital (Intel)
Data-General
Win 3.1 / 95 / NT
OSF / Motif
OS/2
Macintosh
Oracle 7.1
SQL Server 6.0
ADABAS D
OS/400 AS/400 Win 95 OS/2 DB2/400
SAP R/3 Transaction Model
• All steps of a business procedure is modeled as a transaction.
• Dialog driven set of programs and screens
• Identified using a Transaction code
• Can be executed both online as well as at background
Basic SAP R/3 and ABAP/4 concepts
• The Logon Client– 3 digit number ( 000 to 999)
– Helps maintain independent sets of data within the same R/3 system
• Client mechanism and handling
Basic SAP R/3 and ABAP/4 concepts (Contd…2)
• Data Buffering– At application server by database interface
• ABAP/4 Objects– Components of runtime environment
– Client dependent / independent / both
• Activation– On/Off mechanism
• ABAP/4 Dictionary– Meta-Data within R/3
– Integrated with Development Workbench
– Data Dictionary (DDIC)
– Accessed by workbench components
Basic SAP R/3 and ABAP/4 concepts (Contd…3)
• Namespace and Naming Conventions– Reserved name ranges for customer and SAP objects
– Prevents overwrite during upgrades and patches
– Y* & Z* reserved for custom objects
• Development Class & Local Objects– Logical grouping of ABAP/4 Objects
– Local Objects $TMP
• Transports and Version Management– Records new and changed objects
– Both customizing as well as repository objects
– Organized using TMS and CTO
– Local objects cannot be transported
DEV PRDQ/A
A typical R/3 landscape
Introduction to ABAP/4
• Advanced Business Application Programming
• SAP Proprietary 4GL for R/3
• Wide functionalities
• Multiple dialects– Data processing, word processing, screen processing
• Block-Structured
• Has an OO-Extension
• Byte-Compiled code– Generation generated form / runtime object– Interpreted by ABAP/4 Interpreter at runtime
• Very powerful
Introduction to Open SQL
• A subset & variation of ANSI SQL
• SAP Proprietary
• Easy and Powerful
• Open SQL -> Work Process (DB Interface) -> Native SQL
• Advantages– Portability
– Buffering the data on Application Server
– Automatic Client Handling
Introduction to Open SQL (Contd…2)
Demo
• Its demo time…
• Presentation Layer– Dynamic Menu
– Menu Bar
– Tool Bar
– Command Prompt
• Transactions and Sessions
Refreshers
• What is enterprise architecture ?
• Who is the leading vendor in the ERP domain ?
• Why does SAP provide different ERP solutions to different industrial verticals ?
• What are the 3 layers of the R/3 Architecture ?
• What are the components of a work process ?
• What is an instance ?
• What is an user context ?
Refreshers (Contd…2)
• What is the advantage of the SAP “Logon Client" concept ?
• What are the 3 conceptual areas of a SAP system ?
• What is a transaction ?
• Are ABAP/4 objects Client dependent or Client Independent ?
• What is a development class ?
• What is a local object ?
• What is transportation ?
• What are the advantages of Open SQL ?
Thank You.Do mail your feedback, queries and suggestions.