introduction to sensory physiology: sensory- motor … · introduction to sensory physiology: ! ......
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Introduction to Sensory Physiology: Sensory- Motor System
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General Properties of Sensory Systems?????
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1. Importance of peripheral structures 2. Adequate Stimulus 3. Range Fractionation 4. Stimulus-Response Relationship 5. Adaptation 6. Efferent Control 7. Higher level processing for perception (what you “see” is not what you get- Illusions!)
General Properties of Sensory Systems
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MROS in parallel with superficial extensors
Crustacean muscle receptor organs
Device to control muscle length with variable loads Works like our muscle spindles
See Rydqvist et al 2007 other refs?
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Example Recording from Crawdad
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MRO1 response
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MRO1 data analysis http://crawdad.cornell.edu/gprime/apps/crawdad3/crawdad3.html
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Compare tau adaptation at different stretches
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Anatomy of MROs
Extensor muscles, especially note RM1 and RM2
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Nerve 2 position
Muscle remaining in tail segment
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MRO innervation- excitatory mns and inhibition of sensory cell
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MRO1- diffuse dendritic arbor Fires throughout stimulation
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MRO2- clumped dendritic arbor
Fires only a few spikes at beginning
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stretch
MRO cell body Stretch channel open probability
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Mechanisms of Adaptation: 1) Series-elastic properties of muscle 2) MRO1- slow adaptation- IK (Ca), Na/K pump 3) MRO1 and MRO2 have similar generator potentials 4) MRO2 adapts more quickly to depolarization faster INa inactivation
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Control system summary of MRO activity
Set point can vary
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Response to stretch- Intracellular recording
Generator (receptor) potential
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Linear relationship between generator potential amplitude and impulse frequency
Receptor potential
AP generation
+ TTX
200-500 microns
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Na entry dominates response
Excitatory conductance increase
I = g (Em - E ion)
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Inhibitory, efferent control of MRO
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Inhibitory conductance increase
I = g (Em - E ion)
I = g (Em - E ion)
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Mechanisms of inhibition? Reduce AP generation by: 1) Algebraic summation of
excitation and inhibition 2) Reduction of space constant
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Summary of MRO
Rydqvist,et.al 2007