introduction to silvicultural systems
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I ntro to the Forester’s Craft or How is Scientific Forestry different than just cutting down trees? and getting towards What is the “forestry” in community-based forestry. Introduction to Silvicultural Systems. BC Ministry of Forests Forest Practices Branch. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Intro to the Forester’s Craft
or How is Scientific Forestry different
than just cutting down trees?
and getting towards
What is the “forestry” in community-based forestry
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Introduction to Silvicultural Systems
http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfp/training/00014/index.htm
BC Ministry of Forests
Forest Practices Branch
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A silvicultural system …
is a planned program of treatments during the whole life of a stand designed to achieve specific stand structural (and species composition) objectives.
This program of treatments integrates specific harvesting, regeneration, and stand tending (TSI) methods to achieve a predictable yield of benefits from the stand over time.
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Main silvicultural systems
Even-aged systems• clearcut • patch cut • seed tree • shelterwood • coppice • retention system
Uneven-aged systems• single tree selection
• group selection
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Stand volume and
growth
Basal area
Site Index
Mean annual increment (MAI)
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Even Aged SystemsThe stand overstory is generally removed in one harvest. New even-aged stands are regenerated after harvest within the previously cleared block.
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Even-aged continued
ShelterwoodRetention
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Some stands are “naturally” even-aged monocultures,
e.g. lodgepole pine
U. of Northern British Columbiahttp://web.unbc.ca/~lindgren/RESEARCH/mgraf/index.html
Parks Canadahttp://www.pc.gc.ca/progs/np-pn/
eco/eco5_e.asp
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Alternatives to managing lodgepole pine
Itcha-Ilgachuz Alternative Silvicultural Systems, BC Natural Resources Canada
1934 CCC heavy thinning from below, OR Yale U, Global Forestry Institute
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1934 Black Hills National Forest, SD Yale U, Global Forestry Institute
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Uneven Aged Treatments
Single Tree Selection Group Selection
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Size/Age distribution in Uneven-aged systems
Lonnie E. Varnedoe, Jr., University of Georgia
http://warnell.forestry.uga.edu/service/library/b1032/index.html
Prince Edward IslandInstitute of island Studies,U. of PEI
http://www.upei.ca/islandstudies/rep_wm_1.htm
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Some take home messages …
• Via silviculture, one can manipulate vegetation (cut & grow) to achieve different objectives – timber, wildlife, pest management, aesthetics, “late successional” characteristics, fuels reduction, etc.
• Don’t confuse the tools with the goals.
• Good management costs money! Usually more money than we can get from the private goods produced.
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Beyond silviculture …
What else does a forester do?– Develop management plan that includes:
• Silvicultural objectives, systems & calculated outcomes• Harvest technology• Road systems• Soil erosion & compaction prevention and mitigation• Protected areas – wetlands, riparian, TES, cultural features• Maps
– Connection to markets & community & ecology– Communicate with landowners, public, agencies,
neighbors, loggers, mills– Keep abreast of regulations & best practices
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So how is forestry in community forestry different?
• It might not be …– Same suite of tools can achieve different objectives
• Broader objectives – Reflecting a diverse community– Local participation & benefit– Triple bottom line: ecological , social, economic
• Learning and Monitoring– Adaptive management areas– Pilots, demos, experiments– Local knowledge & breaking science
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Examples to come …