introduction to sport psychology – chapter 1 professional issues – chapter 2 history of sport...
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction to Sport Psychology – Chapter 1Introduction to Sport Psychology – Chapter 1Professional Issues – Chapter 2Professional Issues – Chapter 2
History of Sport Psychology – Chapter 4History of Sport Psychology – Chapter 4
Psychology of SportPsychology of Sport
August 26-31, 2009August 26-31, 2009Classes #2-4Classes #2-4
What is Sports PsychologyWhat is Sports Psychology
““Being in the flow” (Csikzentmihalyi) Being in the flow” (Csikzentmihalyi) or “in the zone”or “in the zone”
Optimal experienceOptimal experience
Enhance performanceEnhance performance
Clinical issuesClinical issues
Individual differencesIndividual differences
Sugarman (2007)Sugarman (2007)
What’s needed to reach optimal What’s needed to reach optimal performance?performance?
Types of Sport PsychologistsTypes of Sport Psychologists
Clinical/CounselingClinical/Counseling
EducationalEducational
ResearchResearch
Training the Sport PsychologistTraining the Sport Psychologist
College Departments:College Departments:– Physical Education Physical Education – KinesiologyKinesiology– Sport StudiesSport Studies– Human Movement StudiesHuman Movement Studies– Sport SciencesSport Sciences– PsychologyPsychology
Athletic CounselingAthletic Counseling
Credentialing: Who can be called Credentialing: Who can be called a “sport psychologist”?a “sport psychologist”?
LicensureLicensure– Statutory process designed to regulate Statutory process designed to regulate
member conductmember conduct
CertificationCertification– Nonstatutory credentialing procedure Nonstatutory credentialing procedure
carried out by an organization (AASP)carried out by an organization (AASP)
RegistryRegistry– Nonstatutory procedure indication Nonstatutory procedure indication
professional recognitionprofessional recognition
Ethical PrinciplesEthical Principles
CompetenceCompetence
IntegrityIntegrity
Professional and Scientific Professional and Scientific ResponsibilityResponsibility
Respect for People’s Rights and Respect for People’s Rights and DignityDignity
Concern for the Welfare of OthersConcern for the Welfare of Others
Social ResponsibilitySocial Responsibility
Image of the ProfessionImage of the Profession
Some players and coaches are Some players and coaches are skeptical (“old school”)skeptical (“old school”)
Media seems to be supporting Media seems to be supporting advances made because of advances made because of interventions of sport psychologistsinterventions of sport psychologists
Employment for Sport Employment for Sport PsychologistsPsychologists
Set up private practice allocating some or Set up private practice allocating some or all to working with athletesall to working with athletes– Need earned Ph.D. in clinical or counseling and Need earned Ph.D. in clinical or counseling and
take sport sciences courses or athletic take sport sciences courses or athletic counseling degreecounseling degree
University professor in psychology, University professor in psychology, kinesiology, sport sciences, etc. kinesiology, sport sciences, etc. department and teach, conduct research, department and teach, conduct research, and train athletes in sport psychological and train athletes in sport psychological techniquestechniques– Need earned Ph.D. in sport psychology or Need earned Ph.D. in sport psychology or
related fieldrelated field
History of Sport PsychologyHistory of Sport Psychology
Triplett (1897) often cited as the first Triplett (1897) often cited as the first sport psychology experimentsport psychology experiment– Triplett, who was a bicycling enthusiast, Triplett, who was a bicycling enthusiast,
noticed that cyclists performed better in noticed that cyclists performed better in races than they did when they were races than they did when they were paced by motor-driven cycles or when paced by motor-driven cycles or when they were timed riding the course alonethey were timed riding the course alone
Mere Presence of Others and Social Mere Presence of Others and Social FacilitationFacilitation
Same result when he asked children Same result when he asked children to to wind fishing reelswind fishing reels as quickly as as quickly as possiblepossible
He thought that the He thought that the mere presence of mere presence of othersothers would improve our would improve our performanceperformance
Triplett (1897): Triplett (1897): FFishing reels studyishing reels study
Participants:Participants:– 40 children ages 8 to 1740 children ages 8 to 17Procedures:Procedures:– A trial consisted in turning the reel at the A trial consisted in turning the reel at the
highest rate of speed until a small flag sewed highest rate of speed until a small flag sewed to the silk band had made four circuits of the to the silk band had made four circuits of the four-meter coursefour-meter course
– The time of the trial was taken by means of a The time of the trial was taken by means of a stop-watchstop-watch
Results:Results:– All children performed faster when in All children performed faster when in
competition compared to when alone competition compared to when alone
History of Sport PsychHistory of Sport Psych
GriffithGriffith
OgilvieOgilvie
MartensMartens