introduction to technical textile, medical textile)

8/3/2019 Introduction to Technical Textile, Medical Textile)

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INTRODUCTION TO TECHNICAL

TEXTILES(GEO-TEXTILE,

MEDICAL TEXTILE. ,ETC)[email protected]/[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]/[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]/[email protected]



Definition

Other terms used Industrial Textiles

Functional Textiles

Performance Textiles Engineering Textiles

Invisible Textiles

High-tech Textiles

2

Technical Textiles are textile materialsmanufactured mainly for their technical

performance and functional properties.

Technical Textiles



Some examples of day-to-day use ofTechnical Textiles Kitchen –Floor Mops, Tea Bags, Coffee Filters.

Clothes – Collar / Cuff Interlinings, Shoulder Pads, Waddings in Jackets.

Shoe – Lining, Insoles, Toe Stiffners, Synthetic Uppers.

Car – Carpets, Roof-liners, Seat belts, Tyres, Airbags.

Civil Engineering – Geotextiles in Roads, Railway Tracks, Soil Erosion,Slope Stabilisation, Flyovers, Pond/Canal lining, Landfills.

Furnishing – Carpets, Vertical Blinds, Wall Coverings.

Factory – Dust Collection Filter Bags, Liquid Filtration, Clean Air Filters of ACsystems, Battery separators.

Hospital – Masks, Gowns, Caps, Bandage.

Hygiene – Baby Diaper, Sanitary Napkin, Wet Tissues, Incontinence Diaper.

Bed – Blanket, Quilts, Mattresses, Bed sheets, Pillows.

3

Technical Textiles



TYPES OF TECHNICAL TEXTILES

According to the end use, technical textiles can be divided into

different categories.AGROTECH: These are the Agro-textiles, also known as Agrotex, that are

used in agricultural applications releated to growing andharvesting of crops and animals.

BUILDTECH: These are the Construction Textiles, also known as

Buildtex, used in construction and architecturalapplications. Such fabrics as PVC coated high tenacity

PES, teflon coated glass fiber fabrics are used in airportsand hotels.

CLOTHTECH: These are the clothing textiles, also known as clothtex.

GEOTECH: These are the Geotextiles, also known as Geotex, which arewoven, nonwoven and knit fabric used for many functionssuch as support, drainage and separation at or below groundlevel:




HOMETECH: These are the Domestic Textiles, also known as Hometex, usedin making of many home furnishing fabrics including carpet backings,curtains, wall coverings, etc.

INDUTECH: These are the Industrial Textiles, also known as Indutex, used indifferent ways by many industries for activities such as separating, andpurifying industrial products, cleaning gases.

MEDTECH: These are the Medical Textiles, also known as Medtex. Theyinclude all the medical fabrics that are used in health and hygieneapplications in both consumer and medical markets.

MOBILTECH: These textiles, also known as Mobiltex, are used in transportindustry, such as in construction of automobiles, railways ships etc.

ECO TECH(OEKOTECH): These are the Eco-friendly Textiles, also known asoekotex or Ecotex. They are mostly used in environmental protectionapplications, floor sealing, erosion protection, air cleaning, prevention of water pollution, water cleaning, waste treatment/ recycling, depositingarea construction.




PACKTECH: These are the packaging Textiles, also known as Packtex.Textiles have been used for packaging since ages.

PROTECH: These are the Protective Textiles, also known as Protex, that areused in the manufacturing of protective clothing of different types.Protection against heat and radiation for fire fighter clothing, against

molten metals for welders, for bullet proof jackets or for chemicalprotective clothing all depend on the use of protech. The protectivetextiles are made with the help of specialty fibers such as aramid fiberused in making of bullet proof jackets, glass fibers used in fire proof jackets etc.

SPORTTECH: These are the sports Textiles, also known as sporttex, used

mainly for making sports wear including sports shoes andother sports accessories.



Technical Textile Products Inspected By QA

Wing of DGS&D

MEDITEX :- Surgical Gloves , Bandage cloth , Wool CottonObsorvant & Coir Mattresses.

BUILDTEX: - Cotton canvas tarpaulins , HDPE tarpaulins, Mats Door

& Matting Coir.

HOMETEX:- Mosquito Net.

CLOTHTEX:- Shoes Canvas, Jungle Boots, P.C.Suiting ,shirting,Terry Towel, Blankets etc.

PACKTEX:- HDP Bags, B-twill Bags.

SPORTEX:- Tents, Sleeping Bags.

INDUTEX:- Ropes.

PROTEX:- High visibility Cloths, Mosquito Net fire retardant. MOBILTEX:- Helmets, Webbing, Tyre & Tubes.



Fibre Consumption of textiles

Textle

consumption78%

Technical

textiles

22%

8

World Scenario Technical Textiles

Total consumption – 60 bn. kgs. (2000)

43

17



Technical textile consumption by Region

USA

23%

WesternEurope

22%

China

13%

Japan

7%

India

3%

Rest of World

32%

9


Total consumption –

17 bn. kgs. (2000)



Fiber consumption in Technical

Textiles


Viscose

3%

Other

Cellulosic

3%

Polyolifin

25%

P o l y a m i d

e 7 % Polyester

25%

Jute , coiretc

14%

Cotton

7%Glass

15%

Others*

1%

* - Others include specialised fibres & yarns / high performance fibres /yarn.



Global end use of fabricOther Fabrics

2%

Woven fabrics

73%

Non woven

Fabrics

20%

Knitted Fabrics

5%

12


Total fabric consumption –

11 bn. kgs. (2000)



End use consumption of nonwoven fabrics

protech

1%

sporttech

1%

packtech

1%

bulidtech

15%clothtech14%

indutech

12%

medtech

33% geotech

3%

agrotech

2%

mobiltech

6%hometech

12%

Others

14%

13


Total consumption – 2.2 bn. kgs. (2000)



Packtech35%

Clothtech17%

Hometech

12%Indutech8%

Mobiltech

7%

Sportech7%

Buildtech5%

Meditech4%

Protech3%

Agrotech1%

Geotech1%

Oekotech0%

Segmentation of Indian Technical Textiles market

SASMIRA



WHAT IS AGROTEXTILE

• Special textiles that are manufactured for agricultural applications• These textile structures are used as controlling environment for

plants/animals in applications like

– Agriculture – Horticulture – Animal husbandry

• Benefits Of Agrotextile Products

Used in Protected Cultivation For Indian Agriculturists forimproved Productivity & Quality Of Produce and lower CostOf Production

SASMIRA

MOT,GOI Workshop, 18.9.08

SASMIRA



• Sunlight – direct and indirect• Water• Climatic Conditions including wind, hail,humidity

•External factors like birds, insects, weeds• Post Harvest handling of produce – storageand packaging

• In India, presently Agricultural Activities arecarried out under Natural Conditions ofTemperature and Humidity

SASMIRA

FACTORS INFLUENCING AGRICULTURALACTIVITIES


SASMIRA



• Yield percentage is unsatisfactory

• Quality of produce is marred

• Damages to the produce

• Regional limitation on cultivation

• Seasonal limitation on cultivation

THE ABOVE FACTORS CAN BE EFFECTIVELY CONTROLLED USING

AGROTEXTILE PRODUCTS

CONSEQUENCES OF ABSENCE OFCONTROL FACTORS

SASMIRA


SASMIRA



AGRO TEXTILE PRODUCTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN AGRICULTU

PRODUCT APPLICATION IN AGRICULTURE ANIMAL

HUSBAN-

DARY

FISHING

CROP

PRODUCE FLORICUL -

TURE HORTICUL-

TURE POST

HARVESTING

KNITTED NETS

SHADING

BIRD

PROTECTION

WIND SHIELDS

ANTI-HAIL

HARVESTING

FISHING

MILCHING

PACKAGING

SUPPORT NETS

SASMIRA


SASMIRA



AGRO TEXTILE PRODUCTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN AGRICULTUREContd…

PRODUCT APPLICATION IN AGRICULTURE ANIMAL

HUSBAN-DARY

FISHING

CROP

PRODUCE

FLORICUL -

TURE

HORTICUL-

TURE

POST

HARVESTING

NONWOVEN FABRICS

MULCHMAT

CATTLE SHED

UNDERLAY

PROTECTIVE

CLOTHING

WOVEN FABRICS

PACKING SACKS

SUNCREENS

PROTECTIVE

CLOTHING

PLASTIC SHEETS

GROUND

COVERS

GREENHOUSE

FILMS

SASMIRA


SASMIRA



Agrotextile Product Details

Bird Protection Net Polypropylene monofilament / Polyethylene Tape yarns, Warp

knitted, 2 – 3 cm mesh size, 40 – 80 g/sq.m. Woven structures of lighter weight are also used

Shading net Polypropylene monofilament / Polyethylene Tape yarns, Warp

knitted, mesh size as per the required shading %, 40 – 80g/sq.m. Woven structures of lighter weight are also used

Windshield fabrics Polypropylene monofilament / Polyethylene Tape yarns, Warp

knitted, mesh size as per the required wind blocking %, 40 – 90

g/sq.m. Woven structures of lighter weight are also used

SASMIRA


SASMIRA



Agrotextile Product Details,

contd..

Plant nets Polypropylene monofilament / Polyethylene Tape

yarns, Warp knitted, Strips of nets with large opening,30 -40 g/sq.m

Harvesting nets

Polypropylene monofilament / Polyethylene Tape

yarns, Warp knitted, Flat nets of square or triangularconstruction, of mesh size 8 – 12 mm, 40 – 90 g/sq.m.Woven structures of lighter weight are also used

SASMIRA


SASMIRA



Agrotextile Product Details,

contd.. Mulch Mat Polypropylene, spunbonded, 60 – 80 g/sq.m.

Woven biodegradable structures are also used

Packing Material

Polyethylene Tape yarn, Warp knitted, 50 – 60

g/sq.m

SASMIRA


SASMIRA



OEKOTECH&

VARIOUS PRODUCTS

To

PROTECT ENVIRONMENT

SASMIRA


SASMIRA



Oekotech is an important areas of technical textiles.

Used for environmental protection and waste disposal. Its use is based on environmental damages for:

• Building demolition

• Power plant ash

• Sewage treatment sludge

• Incinerated waste ash• Municipal waste

• Untreated hospital waste

• Hazardous waste

• Radioactive waste

OEKOTECH

SASMIRA


SASMIRA



• Geogrids - reinforce slopes beneath the waste, walls, cover soils above

geomembranes;

• Geonets - in-plane drainage;

• Geomembranes – a barrier to liquids, gases and/or vapors and landfill caps;

• Geocomposites –for separation, filtration or drainage;

• Geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) - an infiltration/hydraulic barrier; used also for mine

rehabilitation, tunnels, secondary containment

• Geopipes - landfill applications to facilitate collection and rapid drainage of theleachate to a sump and removal system;

• Geotextiles - filtration purpose or as cushion to protect the geomembrane from

puncture.

OEKOTECH PRODUCTS & USESSASMIRA




From ancient times the textile materials wereused for medical applications in India viz.surgical sponge, linen, silk sutures, strips, catgut,

etc.Latest technological developments has enabledextensive use of technical textiles in healthcareindustry today.

Introduction



Sutures (biodegradable and non biodegradable)

soft tissue implants

Artificial tendon (meshes)

Artificial ligament Artificial cartilage,

Orthopedic implants artificial joint

Cardiovascular implants vascular grafts

Heart valves

Usage category

In theMedical Textiles – bio-contact for days tomonths



Simple bandagesLight support bandagesCompression bandagesOrthopedic bandages

Surgical GauzeCottonSlingsDiapersEye Pads

DrapersSanitary productsPatient Hospital UniformAdhesive tapes

On the Patient – bio-contact for minutes to hours



In the Patient (Intra-corporal applications)

On the Patient

Near the Patient

For the Patient

Categorisation of Technical textiles in Medical Field

U t



Sutures (biodegradable and non biodegradable)

soft tissue implants

Artificial tendon (meshes)

Artificial ligament Artificial cartilage,

Orthopedic implants artificial joint

Cardiovascular implants vascular grafts

Heart valves

Usage category

In the Patient – bio-contact for days to months



Simple bandagesLight support bandagesCompression bandagesOrthopedic bandages

Surgical GauzeCottonSlingsDiapersEye Pads

DrapersSanitary productsPatient Hospital UniformAdhesive tapes

On the Patient – bio-contact for minutes to hours



Near the Patient – No bio-contact, ordinary contact possible

Bed sheetPillow coverOther linen items viz. Blanket, Hand Towels etc.

Heating Pad



Face MaskGownsCaps

ApronsMopsShoe Cover

For the Patient – No contact



Healthcare/ hygiene products

Include bedding, clothing, surgical clothes,products for feminine hygiene like sanitary napkins,

baby and adult diapers etc.

Non-implantable materials

For wound care that includes absorbent pad(wound contact layer, base material viscose, plasticfilm) and bandages (simple inelastic/elastic,orthopaedic, plasters, gauzes, lint, padding)

Areas of usage



A range of natural fibers and biodegradablepolymers with non-biodegradable syntheticpolymers are being utilised for developing newproducts in medical textiles.

Since the medical textile applications are directlyrelated to the life of human being, these arerequired to undergo stringent testing and hygienic

criteria.This led to innovative use of variety of fibers andlot of developments taking place in this field.



•Cotton•Polyester•Polypropylene•Viscose glass fiber•Wood fluff•Polyamide

Fibers used in manufacturing of nonwovens for medical applications



Quality Standards as per FDA

Item Threadsper

Dimensions

Weight ing/m2

Length andWidth

Other

BandageCloth

Wrap 150,Weft 85

57 toleranceof 5%

99 % of sizementioned onthe label

Foreign MatterNot more than2%

Absorbent Gauze

Wrap 75,Weft 55

30 toleranceof 5%

98 % of sizementioned onthe label

Foreign Matter

Not more than1%

Avg. sinkingtime not morethan 10 secs.

RollBandage

for POP

Wrap 150,Weft 75

35 toleranceof 5%

98 % of sizementioned on

the label

Standards prescribed by FDA for some of the items is tabulated below



Textiles are very important in all aspects of medicine

and surgery.

Advances in nonwovens have resulted in a new breedof medical textiles.

Advanced composite materials containing combinationof fibres and fabrics have been developed for applicationswhere biocompatibility and strength are required.

It is predicted that the nonwoven materials will continueto have greater impact in this sector because of largemember of characteristics and performance criteriarequired from these materials.

Conclusion



MARINE

TEXTILES



MOBILTECH

AUTOMOBILES

RAILS

AEROSPACE

MARINE

THEME



THEME

FIBRES USED FABRICS &COMPOSITES

REQUIREMENTSAPPLICATIONS& PRODUCTS

TESTSREQUIRED

CONCLUSION



FIBRES USEDCOTTON

GLASS

WOOL

POLYESTER CARBON

ACRYLIC

NYLON

ARAMID MOD.ACRYLIC

PBO,PBI

POLYPROPYLENE

HPPE



FLAT WOVEN

FLAT WOVENVELVET

KNITTED

CIRCULAR

WARP KNIT TRICOT

DOUBLE NEEDLE BAR KNIT

COATED &

LAMINTEDFOAM FABRIC

TRIM FABRIC

COMPOSITES

USING FIBRES LIKECARBON,GLASS,ARAMID,BORON,CERAMIC WITH RESIN FRP

CAN MADE

FABRICSUSED



CHARACTERISTICS OF FIBRES

Resistance to sunlight and UV degradation

Abrasion resistance

Reduced flammability

Soil resistance and easy cleanability

Resistant to microbes and other bacteria

Hard, strong with high tear as well tensilestrength

Softer handle and touch

Very high bursting strength(sails)

APPLICATIONS



APPLICATIONS

Sails

Inflatable craft

Hovercraft skirts

Furnishing fabrics Oil booms

Nets and Ropes

Functional applications

• Life rafts buoyancy tubes, canopies, minesweepers, sonardomes, corrosive-cargo carriers, Life jackets, personalflotation devices.



SAILSDefinitionA Textile material extended on rigging to

catch wind and propel a boat.

Requirements: light weight, dimensional stability

Puncture resistance, high tear strength

high seam strength

Low porosity to wind, low water

absorbency Good resistance to microbes

UV degradation and smoothness



Cont…

Natural fibres are replaced by polyester and

nylon materials.

Polyester film laminated on nylon and

polyester fabrics.

Recent trends are using carbon, ultra high

modulus polyethylene yarns Spectra and

Dyneema

Aramid fibres are avoided due to poor UV-

stability.



INFLATABLE CRAFT Nylon woven fabric (145gsm)

For lighter craft woven from

470dtex.

Heavier yarns, like 940 d/tex used

for larger boats.

Aramid fibres at 85gsm can also be

used.

For economical craft polyurethanes

& PVC materials are used.

Life boats and rescue craft Freight carrying vessels

Pleasure Craft

Several military applications



FURNISHING FABRICS Cruise ships can be regarded as FLOATING

HOTELS. So quality of textiles must be standard

High flame retardancy standards due to narrow

corridors and low ceilings

Dyes must be fast to fast to light, rubbing and salt

water

wool carpets are generally Zirpro treated titanium

/zirconium salt)

Durable Anti-static properties are needed conductive

fibres are more durable than finishes



Nylon fabric is coated with

polychloroprene / natural rubber blend

or natural rubber/polybutadiene.

The nylon cords like 940dtex/2 and 940

dtex/3/3.

This is highly twisted to impart fatigue

resistance.

Though aramid fibres are stronger but

due to poor fatigue resistance not used in

this application.

HOVERCRAFT SKIRTS

Hovercraft can be deployed

on terrain such as marshes

where boats cannot go.



These articles are designed to contain accidental oil spillages in rivers

and ocean.

woven nylon or polyester as a base fabric(175gsm)coated with Hypalon,

polychoroprene, PVC or PVC/ nitrile rubber, urethane .

The material should be oil resistant.

OIL BOOMS



Where ropes need to stretch and to absorb high-

impact energies.

Nylon ropes, followed by polyester ropes are popular

olden days.

Second generation of synthetic fibers-aramid, high-

modulus polyethylene, Vectran & PBOone-tenth its

weight when compare to steel.

The low weight and high strength of HPPE fibres to

produce heavy-duty ropes. Its normally Float on

water, are flexible and have a low elongation.

ROPES AND NETS

FUNCTIONAL APPLICATIONS



FUNCTIONAL APPLICATIONS

life rafts, buoyancy tubes, canopies and life

jackets, and personal flotation devices,

minesweepers, sonar domes and in corrosive-

cargo carriers.

Life jackets made by woven polyamide coated

with butyl or polychloroprene rubber to get gsm of

230 – 290.

Quality tests include air porosity, coating

adhesion, breaking and tear strength both in the

warp & weft direction, flexing & waterproofness.

CUSTOM BOAT INTERIOR



CUSTOM BOAT INTERIOR

Nomex@ core, sandwiched between

layers of woven aramid fiber



OTHER PRODUCTS



POPULAR BRANDS



Property British standards Other related standards

Abrasion resistance BS 3424-24:1990 (1996)

Methods 27A and 27B

BS 5690 (Martindale)

ASTM D 3389-94(rotary)

Tear strength BS 3424:1982 (1996)

Methods 7A, 7B, 7C

ASTM D 1424(Elmendorf)

Water resistance –

rain

tests

BSEN 29865(Bundesmann)

BS 5066:1974 1993

(WIRA)

AATCC 35-1AATCC 42

(impact)994

Tensile strength

breaking and

elongation

BS 1932 for yarns and threads

BS 3424 Pt 5 for coated fabrics

ASTM D 751 for coated fabrics

/ ASTM D 1578-93 yarns by

Skein method

Dimensionalstability

BS 4736:1996 cold water SAE J883 Jan 94 cold waterSAE J315A

Fogging BS AU 168:1978 SAE J1756:1994

TESTS FOR PRODUCTS



TESTS FOR PRODUCTSPRODUCTS Standard Comments

Buoyancy aids, rescue

devices

BSEN 12628:1999 UL 1123

Life jackets and personal

buoyancy aids

BSEN 393:1994 to 396:1994 BSEN

Recreational inflatable's - UL 1180

Upholstery BS 5790 (PVC) ASTM D 4852 (attached)

ASTM D 3690 (PU/PVC)

Tarpaulins BS 3408:1992 (1995) (ASTM D 751-98)

Marine IMO Regulations e.g. IMO

Resolution A471 (XII) for fire

resistance

-



MARKET STATUS

Rubber coated fabrics including those coated with natural rubber

neoprene,silicone, rubber or butyl rubber will post the fastest gains in 2012.

Through 2010 polyester will remain the most commonly used coated fabricbecause of its low cost and versatility.



CONCLUSION



Geo-Textiles



Geo Drains Geo Separations

MSEReinforcement

Geotextile Applications in Roads

ASTM D4439 defined a geotextile as follows



ASTM D4439 defined a geotextile as follows

Geotextile : A permeable geosynthetic comprised solelyof textiles. Geotextiles are used with foundation, soil,rock, earth, or any other geotechnical engineering-

related material as an integral part of a human-made

product structure, or system.

Due to the very wide range of applications and the

tremendous variety of available textiles having widely

different properties, the selection of a particular designmethod or design philosophy is a critical decision thatmust be made before the actual mechanics of the

design process are initiated.

Geotextile Functions and Mechanisms




An overview of geotextiles, alluded to many

applications falling into categories:

Separation

Reinforcement

Filtration

Drainage

Containment

When properly identified, lead to the design-by-function method.

G t til h i il bl



Geotextile choices as available

1. Lightweight Wovens

2. Heavyweight

Wovens

3. High Flow Wovens

4. High Strength

Wovens

5. Thermally Bonded

Non-wovens6. Needle punched Nonwovens




Separation


BituminiousCourses

AggregateBases

GeotextileLayer

Subgrade

D e

s i g n e d

T h

i c k n e s s




Filtration and Drainage


Bituminious Courses

Aggregate Bases

Geotextile Layer

Aggregate Drainage Layer

Subgrade




Reinforcement

This is the synergistic improvement in the total systemstrength created by the introduction of a geotextile intoa soil and developed primarily through the followingthree mechanisms:

One, lateral restraint through interfacial frictionbetween geotextile and soil/aggregate.

Two, forcing the potential bearing surface failure planeto develop at alternate higher shear strength surface.

And three, membrane type of support of the wheelloads.




Sealing Function


New Overlay

Reflective Crack without

Paving Fabric

Old Pavement

Base Course P a v e m e n t C r

a c k w i t h

P a v i n g F a b r i c

Major Applications of Geotextiles



j pp

Separation of Dissimilar Materials

Between subgrade and stone base in paved roads andairfields

Between landfills and stone base courses

Between geomembranes and soil drainage layers

Between foundation and embankment soils for surchargeloads

Between foundation and embankment soils for roadway

fills

Between foundation and encapsulated soil layers Between foundation soils and rigid retaining walls Between slopes and downstream stability berms Beneath precast blocks and panels for aesthetic paving

e.g. hardscaping





Separation of Dissimilar materials

Between drainage layers in poorly graded filter

blankets

Between old and new asphalt layers

Reinforcement of Weak Soils and Other Materials

To reinforce embankments To aid in construction of steep slopes

As basal reinforcement over soft soils

To bridge over cracked or jointed rock

To create more stable side slopes due to high frictionalresistance





Filtration (Cross-Plane Flow)

Beneath stone base for paved roads and airfields

Around crushed stone surrounding under drains

Around perforated under drain pipe

As a flexible form for restoring scoured bridge pierbearing capacity

Between backfill soil and weep holes in retaining walls

Between backfill soil and gabions

As a filter beneath precast blocks





Drainage (In-Plane Flow)

As a drain behind a retaining wall

As a drain at the base of retaining wallAs a replacement for sand or wick drains



Band Drains / Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)



These are geocomposites formed of a hollow cored,

geotextile wrapped drainage element (geonet) insertedvertically into soft ground to speed up the consolidation

process.

Prefabricated Vertical Drain Installation of PVD






Kandla Port – Ground improvement

Band drains has been adopted to increase the bearingcapacity of the site. The following parameters have been

adopted:

Scheme SBCbefore

treatment(T/m2)

Spacing ofBand Drain

with TriangularGrid(m)

PreloadHeight

(m)

Duration(Days)

SBC aftertreatment

(T/m2)

Scheme-1 2.00 1.25 4.00 80 10.21

Scheme-2 2.00 1.50 4.00 120 10.11

Band Drains / Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD) at

K lk t



Kolkata

Emerging Issues



Emerging Issues

R&D Needs of the Indian Geotechnical Industry

The Need to Encourage the Domestic Synthetic

Manufacturing Industry

Need for Establishing a Geosynthetic Institute in India

Standardization in the Field of Geosynthetics

Geosynthetics Test Standards and Specifications



Nano technology

h l



Nanotechnology

is already making today’s products:

Lighter

Stronger

Faster

Smaller

More Durable

ll i ll?



How small is Nano - small?

Units in nanometers (µm)

C d t H H i



Compared to Human Hair

A Human Hair is about 100,000µm wide



K T



Key Terms

Nonotechnology

Nanometer

Nanotube

Atom Atomic Level

System

Atomic Structure

Fluence (Laser)

Defects

Dislocation

Molecule

Molecular Dynamics

ComputationalMaterials Science

Newton’s Laws of Motion

M t i l S i



Material Sciences

Atomic – level Simulations: MolecularDynamics

Computational Research

Dislocation Dynamics



E h i f R h



Emphasis of Research

Atomic – level Simulations: MolecularDynamics

Computational Research

Dislocation Dynamics

G tti B Li



Getting a Base Line on

Material

Molecular BehaviorMolecule

RelationshipTo other

Molecules

Section of Material

D t i St ti P i t



Determine Starting Point

(Initial Conditions)Using Newton’s Second Law of

Classic Motion

i im a F

H M l l M



How Molecule Move…

Applications of



Applications of

Nanotechnology

Current Applications



Current Applications

burn and wound dressings, water filtrationdevices, paints, cosmetics, coatings,lubricants, textiles, memory/storage devices

medical diagnostics, displays, sensors, drugdelivery, composite materials, solid statelighting, bio-materials, nano arrays, morepowerful computers, protective armor, chem-

bio suits, and chem-bio sensors



Thank you

introduction to technical textile, medical textile)

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