introduction to technology infrastructure chapter 1
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction to Technology Infrastructure
Chapter 1
Announcements and Outline
• Syllabus Questions• White Hat Agreement
Class Outline1.Introduction to Networks
1.1 Network Types/Technologies1.2 Layering and Packetization
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1.1 Network Types/Technologies
• How we view a network geographically
• Representing Networks in diagrams
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1.1 Network Types/Technologies
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1.1 Network Types/Technologies
Local Area Networks (LAN)
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN)
Backbone
MAN
WAN
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1.2 Network Layers Most Commonly Used Models:
• OSI (Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model)
• Network Model
Protocols & Protocol Data Unit (PDU)
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1.2 Network Layers (Network Model)
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1.2 Network Layers (CCNA TCP/IP Model)
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1.2 Network Layers – Packetization
Packetization is breaking down user data into small segments packaging these segments appropriately so that
they can be delivered and reassembled across the network
9*From Agarwal – Business Data Communications
1.2 Network Layers – 5 Important Data Comm. Tasks
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1.2 Network Layers
APPLICATION LAYER• Software used by the users
Common Examples:
Protocols:
PDU:
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1.2 Network Layers
TRANSPORT LAYER • End to end management
Responsibilities:
(1) Link Applications Layer
(2)Segmenting and Tracking
(3)Session Management
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1.2 Network Layers TRANSPORT LAYER (cont.)
Protocols:
PDU:
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1.2 Network Layers NETWORK LAYER• Decides where the messages should go
Functions:(1)Addressing
(2)Routing
Protocol:PDU:
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1.2 Network Layers
DATA LINK LAYER• Moves messages from one computer to the next
Functions:(1)Controls Hardware(2)Formats Messages(3)Error Checking
Protocol:PDU:
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1.2 Network Layers PHYSICAL LAYER• Hardware that transmits the message
Protocols:
PDU:
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1.2 Network Layers - Summary
Layer #
Layer name
Networking task
Header information
5 ApplicationSpecify user needs User commands
4 Transport Segmentation and reassembly of packets Sequence numbers
3 NetworkIdentifying and locating destination Address
2 Data-linkError control Error check
1 PhysicalSignaling None
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Network Model technologies by layer
Network layer
IP
Transport layer
TCP
Transport layer
UDP
Application layer
HTTP
Application layer
SMTP
Application layer
FTP
Application layer
SSH
Application layer
IM
Application layer
SIP (VoIP)
Application layer
NFS/ SMB (File & printer
sharing)
Data link layer
Ethernet
Data link layer
MPLS
Data link layer
ATM
Data link layer
Frame Relay
Data link layer
Wireless LAN
Physical layer
Manchester encoding(Ethernet)
Physical layer
SONET (Optical fiber)
Physical layer
QAM(Phone modem)
Physical layer
CDMA (Cell phone)
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1.2 Network Layers - Summary
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1.2 Network Layers – Msg Transmission
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1.2 Network Layers
Standards• IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering) – develops US standards• Formal Standardization Process• Internet technology standards are publicly
available as Requests For Comment (RFCs) http://www.ietf.org/rfc.html
• Highly recommended standards Email: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0821.txt HTTP: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt TCP: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0793.txt IP: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0791.txt TCP/ IP tutorial: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1180.txt Domain names: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1034.txt
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Pros and Cons of using Layers
CONS:
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Pros and Cons of using Layers
PROS:
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Recap
1 Network Types
1.1 Network Types• LAN• WLAN• Backbone• WAN
1.2 Network Layers• Network Model• Standards• Pros/Cons
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Thursday
Chapter 2 – Application Layer• Hardware• Software Architecture• Web• Email
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