introduction to the ccss science open institute
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The California Common Core Standards
Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science and Technical Subjects
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Agenda• Literacy and the CCCSS• Implications for Curricula• Pedagogical Implications• Smarter Balance Assessments• Unpacking a Standard
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LITERACY AND THE CCCSS
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Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects
• “In a departmentalized school, responsibility for improving reading comprehension of instructional materials should be shared by teachers of all subjects, particularly teachers of history-social science and science.”– Reading/Language Arts Framework, pp.
175, 192.
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THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS STANDARDS AND LITERACY IN HISTORY/SOCIAL STUDIES, SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL SUBJECTS
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Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts & Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects
• Three main sections– A comprehensive K-5 section (includes
standards for foundational skills)– English language/arts– Literacy in history/social studies,
science, and technical subjects
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What’s New?• Increased commitment to technology • Value of group dynamics (speaking
before listening)• Standards for writing in the
disciplines • Explicit attention to informational
texts (beyond textbooks and not just in English classes)
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Reading Standards• Reading standards are in two
components: – Literature – Informational text
• And also in two literacy components (6-12): – Literacy in History/Social Studies – Literacy in Science/Technical Subjects
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Let’s Take a Look• Read the Anchor Standards for
Reading K-5 (p. 10) and in the Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science and Technical Subjects section (p. 60).
• What do you notice?
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Let’s Take a Look• Read the Anchor Standards for
Writing K-5 (p. 18) and in the Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science and Technical Subjects section (p. 63).
• What do you notice?
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Reading Standards• Literature and Informational Text K-
12• Literacy Standards (grades 6-12)
ONLY Informational Text
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Text Complexity
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Key Ideas and Details Grade 7
Cite several pieces of textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text (7. RL & I.1)
Grades 9-10
Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text. (9-10. RL&I.1)
Grade 8
Cite the textual evidence that most strongly supports an analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text. (8RL&I.1)
Grades 11-12
Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text, including determining where the text leaves matters uncertain. (11-12. RL&I.1)
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Writing Standards: Text Types and Purposes
• Students (in all grades) focus on three types of writing: – Arguments – Informative/explanatory texts – Narratives
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Writing Standards: Production & Distribution of Writing
• Overall development and organization—emphasis on clarity
• The writing processes of planning and revision
• Use of technology for production and publication both of individual and, for the first time, group writing projects
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Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects
• A focus on discipline-specific vocabulary• An acknowledgement of unique text
structures found in informational text• The expectation that students will read
and write in non-ELA classrooms• The expectation that students will
develop information/technical writing skills, and
• A focus on critical analysis and evidence
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IMPLICATIONS FOR CURRICULUM
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A Foundational Premise• “Meeting the demands of the Literacy
Standards requires substantially expanding the literacy requirements in history/social studies as well as in science and technical subjects. The adoption of the Literacy Standards in History/Social Studies, Science and Technical Subjects therefore requires several significant shifts in these curricula.” – Source: Publishers’ Criteria for the Common Core State Standards
in English Language Arts and Literacy, Grades 3-12
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Curricular Implications• Part of “content knowledge”
becomes:– understanding disciplinary genres;– understanding disciplinary language
conventions; and– understanding disciplinary language.
• Cross-disciplinary discussions about literacy development.
• Students at the center.
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Curricular Implications• Less dependence on textbooks.• Using text complexity as a way to
spiral students’ intellectual growth.• Broader understanding of “text” and
wider use of multiple text genres.• Increased use of multiple texts within
an instructional sequence.• Writing, reading, reading writing!
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Curricular Applications• Literacy everywhere• Real world applications• Project-based learning• Cross-disciplinary collaborations
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IMPLICATIONS FOR PEDAGOGY
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Pedagogies• Speaking and Listening• Teaching for Transfer• Writing to Learn• Reading to Write• Student-centered Learning• Hands-on Learning
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DISCIPLINARY LITERACYAN INTRODUCTION
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“Content Literacy: A Definition and Implications” (Michael C. McKenna and Richard D. Robinson)
• The ability to use reading and writing for the acquisition of new content in a given discipline
• Includes 3 principle cognitive components:– General literacy skills– Content-specific literacy skills – Prior knowledge of content
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“Imagining a New Kind of Self: Academic Language, Identity, and Content Area
Learning” (Jeff Wilhelm)
“We need to think of teaching…as inducting students into new ways of being, apprenticing them into new roles and identities, acculturating them into new ‘communities of practice’ (i.e. groups of people who do real disciplinary work).”
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“Imagining a New Kind of Self: Academic Language, Identity, and Content Area
Learning” (Jeff Wilhelm)
• In any discipline, the learner’s doing and thinking is expected to gradually approximate that of the experts.”
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SMARTER BALANCE ASSESSMENTS
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Interim Benchmark Assessments
• These are formative assessments– Repository of tools available to teachers
to support quick adjustment and differentiated instruction
– Help define student performance along the CCSS learning progressions
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Interim Benchmark Assessments
• Allow for finer grain of measurement (e.g., end of unit)
• Inform teachers if students on track to be proficient on summative assessments
• Multiple opportunities for students to participate
• Scale scores help inform growth model
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Summative Assessment• Measure full range of CCCSS• Computer Adaptive Testing for
precision• Timely results• Engage Institutions of Higher
Education to ensure achievement standards reflect college and career readiness
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Performance Tasks• To assess aspects of CCCSS difficult
or impossible to assess traditionally;• “They will involve student-initiated
planning, management of information and ideas, interaction with other materials and/or people, and production of an extended response such as an oral presentation, exhibit, product development, or an extended written piece.”
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Performance Tasks• One in reading• One in writing• Two in mathematics• Roughly half of the performance
tasks for grades 9-11 will assess ELA or math within the context of science or social studies.
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A Performance Task for ELA Using Science Content
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End-of-Year Summative Assessments
• Final 12 weeks of school year
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An Opportunity• Comments and
Questions?
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Thank You!