Introduction to the Baseline StudyNovember 2010 – February 2011

Purpose, key questions and components

Prepared by Eva Ludi (ODI) for the CPWF Training Workshop, 8-12 November 2010

Purpose of the baselineThis baseline study relates to Changes 1, 2 and 3 of the project:

1: Wereda, Regional, and/or NGO planners active in study site landscapes are using more effective tools for planning for RMS at landscape scale: (1) Evidence-based (2) Tailored to different social and ecological niches (3) Cross-sectoral (4) Participatory

2: Those implementing water resource and other agricultural development plans (Wereda and NGO staff) are more effectively implementing RWM plans.

3: Increased collective action and institutions for uptake of RMS at farm and community levels, and these supported by Wereda, DAs and NGO actors

Purpose of the baselineThe baseline aims to do three things:

• Provide a baseline for monitoring progress on the 3 changes, i.e. a snapshot of the current situation in the study sites in terms of planning, implementation and innovation of RWM.

• Identify actors to involve in woreda learning platforms

• Scope out key issues, barriers and opportunities to improve planning, implementation and innovation in RWM, to inform the next phase of in-depth action research.

Key questions - Planning• Who is involved in planning rainwater management (which

sectors, which levels, government and non-government)?• How is planning coordinated among these actors?• What tools and approaches are currently used for planning?• How are decisions made about rainwater management, e.g.

– Which technologies and land management practices to implement– Where to site interventions– How to share costs and benefits

• What say do farmers have? • Are upstream/downstream linkages considered in planning?• What barriers prevent more effective planning?

Key questions - Implementation

• Who is responsible for implementing rainwater management at different levels?

• How do different actors coordinate their implementation?• What level of knowledge and understanding do implementers

have?• What is currently being implemented in the sites?• Does current implementation meet farmers’ needs?• What support do implementers receive?• What monitoring / learning / research takes place on rainwater

management?• What barriers prevent better implementation?

Key questions - Innovation

• Who is currently innovating in RWM?• What support do they receive?• What networks currently exist and how do

they function?• What is the scope for organisations to

collaborate for more innovation?• What enables successful innovation?• What barriers constrain innovation?

Components of the Baseline

• Stakeholder analysis (national, regional and woreda)

• Document collection and analysis• Interviews with key informants at woreda and

kebele level• Focus group discussions with farmers• Analysis workshop (Feb 2011)• Report (by April 2011)

TimingActivity Time period Number of

days

Piloting and case study data collection

Dec 2010 and Jan 2011 20

Data Entry early Feb 2011 (including visit to ILRI)

5

Preparing draft report March 15 2011 7Analysis workshop 23rd – 26th March 3Final report submission

April 15 2011

Sampling

• Nested approach for site selection: 1. Wereda: = landscape study sites, Jeldu, Diga and

Fogera2. Kebeles: at least 5 to represent key agro-

ecological zones, 2 from within hydrological catchment, 1 with and 1 without RWM interventions

Sampling

• Respondents: 1. Wereda: Respondents from different stakeholder

groups will be interviewed on planning and implementation of rainwater management strategies as well as their interactions with other stakeholders operating in the woreda• Woreda administration, WoARD, WoWR,

Environmental protection, NGOs, Research organisations, private sector, TVET College, etc.

2. Kebeles: DAs, land users

ToolsTool Sampling approach

A Community walk

Conduct once with 1 or 2 key informants (DAs, Progressive farmers) (purposive sampling) for familiarization with the kebele

B Timeline (KII) 1 or 2 elders/knowledgeable persons who know history and who can describe change over the years in the kebele; 1 interview per kebele (5 interviews per woreda)

C Existing RWM scenarios (KII)

With progressive farmers active in RWM; 1 per kebele (5 per woreda)

D KII Farmer cooperatives or water user associations – 2 interviews per woreda

E Institutional analysis (FGD)

Conduct one per kebele, with 8-10 mixed wealth and livelihood groups of men and women. Purposively sample to ensure representatives from different groups (consider model farmers, FHH, wealth) – 5 FGD per woreda

F Institutional analysis (FGD)

Conduct one per Kebele, with 3 DAs (from Crop, Livestock and NRM) – 5 DA FGDs per woreda

Involved organisations

Jeldu Diga Fogera

Holetta Agricultural Research Center

Bako Agricultural Research Center

Bahir Dar University

Ambo University Wollega University Adet Agricultural Research Center