Key Terminology & Concepts

HTML, JavaScript, Java Applets, and other technologies can be executed on the client side because it is viewed by your browser on your computer.

For more information on Client Side vs. Server Side Applications, read http://www.developer.com/tech/article.php/923111

Applications on the World Wide Web that run on the user’s server or computer and are executed by the browser installed on the user’s computer.

Example: JavaScript scripts are client-side because they are executed by the client’s browser.

A scripting language used to design interactive Web sites.

JavaScript allows developers to create interactive objects such as pop-up boxes, mouse-over buttons, image maps, animation,

and drop-down menus that display on the client-side.

A high-level programming language used to create applications for Web sites.

Java applets are programs that are embedded in other applications, typically in a Web page displayed in a Web

browser on the client-side.

Technologies combined together include the following: HTML or XHTML, Cascading Style Sheets, JavaScript, the

Document Object Model, XML, XSLT, and the XMLHttpRequest object.

The technologies used together allow web pages to be updated without loading the entire browser page.

A grouping of technologies used to create dynamic and interactive web content that loads and updates at a faster rate of speed.

ASP, PHP, and other technologies can be manipulated by the server side before sending the web page to the client.

Web-based application that runs on the Web or host server.

A third-party entity that manages and distributes software-based services and solutions to customers across a wide area network from a central data center.

Cascading style sheets are used to format the layout of Web pages. They can be used to define web page elements such as text styles and tables.

CSS makes it easy to change styles across several pages at once. For example, a Web developer may want to increase the default

text size from 10pt to 12pt for fifty pages of a Web site. If the pages all reference the same style sheet, the text size only

needs to be changed on the style sheet and all the pages will show the larger text.

A specification for transferring information between a World Wide Web server and any program on the client’s computer designed to accept and return data.

A collection of information organized in to records of information so a computer program can quickly access and select desired pieces of data.

A free and open source JavaScript library that is used by Web developers to navigate HTML documents, handle events, perform animations and add Ajax interactions to Web pages.

A program in which the source code is available to the general public for use and/or modification from its original design free of charge.

Preparing data for storage and transmission by reducing redundancies and complexity.

To learn more about Web encoding, visit http://www.phpwact.org/php/i18n/charsets

The authoring language used to create documents on the World Wide Web

A set of tags that are used to mark up plain text so that a browser application knows how to display the text.

The Web development language that establishes a standard for defining mark-up languages. HTML is a type of SGML.

A standardized query language for requesting information from a database

A widely used, general-purpose scripting language embedded into the HTML source document and used to produce dynamic web pages.

PHP is the most popular language to create web sites. PHP is an interpreted language and is executed on server side contrary to

scripts executed on client side (a Javascript or a Java applet executes on your computer)

A common web development language created by W3C. A pared-down version of SGML designed especially for Web documents.

For more information, visit http://www.w3.org/Consortium/

A hybrid between HTML and XML specifically designed for Net device displays. XHTML is a markup language written in XML and is a stricter and cleaner version of HTML.

Sets international standards for computer languages so computers can communicate world-wide.

Used for multiple international business and computer standards to ensure a standard of quality and the ability to

communicate.

An international consortium of organizations who work together to set standards for the Internet and the Web. The W3C was founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee.

For more information, visit http://www.w3.org/Consortium/

Cascading Style Sheets save developers time by allowing Web site developers the ability to assign styles such as font size, font color, font style, line colors, table appearances, and headings to a single style sheet. That style sheet is then attached to all pages in the Web site.

To update the styles of the entire site the Web developer only has to update the single style sheet and all pages are then updated.

Ajax allows Web site developers to combine multiple Web design tools such as JavaScript and XML to

improved client side usability and faster application loading time for end users and businesses.

Article on the benefits of AJAX: http://massivetechshow.com/resources/ajax.asp

Ajax allows asynchronous retrieval of data from the server without disturbing the display or behavior of the web

pages that are in use

HTML, SGML, XHTML, & XML are all markup languages used to develop documents for the Web.

Java is an object oriented program language used on server side applications for the web. Java can stand on its own and is more complex than JavaScript. Java must be compiled before it can display properly on the web.

JavaScript is an object oriented program language used to create interactivity on the client side of the web. JavaScript must be placed inside an HTML document to function and is displayed by the browser.

The Active Server Page is a located on the server and connected to the database on the server. When the client requests information from the database, the ASP generates HTML code to the client’s browser.

Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) is placed inside HTML code. When a client requests information from the database, a web page is generated with the information.

Structured Query Language is used creating, updating, and reading databases. SQL joins are used to query data from two or more tables, based on a relationship between certain columns in these tables.

•Open source programs•save money because they are free•allow for security testing•allow you to edit the programs to fit your needs