HTML

INTRODUCTION

HTMLWhat is HTML?•HTML is a language for describing web pages.•HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language•HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language•A markup language is a set of markup tags•The purpose of the tags are to describe page content •HTML documents describe web pages•HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text•HTML documents are also called web pages

HTML•Web pages are commonly referred to as HTML pages or documents•A markup language is a set of characters or symbols that define a document’s logical structure•HTML is based on an older language called Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)•HTML has evolved into a language that defines how elements should appear in a Web browser•Understanding HTML is critical in learning how to write a web application along with the server programming

BASIC HTML SYNTAX •HTML documents are text documents that contain formatting instructions called tags•HTML tags include:

•Formatting commands (boldface or italic)•Controls that allow user input (option buttons or check boxes)

•Tags are enclosed in brackets (< >) and consist of an opening tag and a closing tag

BASIC HTML SYNTAX

BASIC HTML SYNTAX Basic document structure

BASIC HTML SYNTAX Attributes

BASIC HTML SYNTAX Attributes

• Attributes go after the element name in the opening tag only, never in the end tag.

• There may be several attributes applied to an element, separated by spaces in the opening tag. Their order is not important.

• Attributes take values, which follow an equals sign (=). A value might be a number, a word, a string of text, a URL, or a measurement depending on the purpose of the attribute.

•Some attributes are required, such as the src and alt attributes in the img element.

BASIC HTML SYNTAX HEAD STRUCTURE

• Page Title• Scripting• Style• META information

BASIC HTML SYNTAX BODY STUCTURE

• Text• Images• Links• Multimedia and special events

COMMENTS IN HTML DOCUMENTS

<!-- text goes here -->

BASIC HTML SYNTAX LINKS

Anchor (a)•The href attribute provides the address of the page (its URL) to the browser. •<img src="images/jenskitchen.gif" alt="" />•<img src="../../images/spoon.gif" alt="" />•<img src="/images/spoon.gif" alt="" />•a href="http://www.evslearning.com" target="_blank">EVS</a>•Alt= Alternating Text

FORMATTING ELEMENTS IN HTML • <H1>…</H1> to <H6>…</H6> the range

of header tags used to denote headings and subheadings.

• <BR> the break tag, equivalent to one carriage return.

• <P> the paragraph tag.• <P>…</P> the open/close approach to

denote paragraph.• <B>…</B> the bold tag.• <I>…</I> the italics tag.• <U>…</U> the underline tag

FORMATTING ELEMENTS IN HTML • <SMALL>…</SMALL> makes a

section of text appear smaller than surrounding body text.

• <BIG>…</BIG> makes the reverse action of above tag.

FORMATTING ELEMENTS IN HTML ALIGNING TEXT

•<DIV>…</DIV> Division element•<P>…</P> Starting and ending Paragraph element

Following Attributes are available:•Default•Left•Right•Justify

FORMATTING ELEMENTS IN HTML

ParagraphParagraphs are the most rudimentary elements of a text document. You indicate a paragraph with the p element. Simply insert an opening <p> tag at the beginning of the paragraph and a closing </p> tag after it, as shown in this example.

FORMATTING ELEMENTS IN HTML LISTSThere are three main types of lists in HTML:• Unordered lists. Collections of items that

appear in no particular order.• Ordered lists. Lists in which the sequence of

the items is important.• Definition lists. Lists that consist of terms and

definitions.

TABLES IN HTML

INTRODUCTION