EARLY SCIENTISTS & BASIC CELLULAR FACTS

INTRODUCTORY INFORMATION CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION

ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK1600’S

HE MADE A “MICROSCOPE” A SINGLE POWERFUL LENS LOOKED AT A DROP OF POND WATER AND SAW “ANIMALCULES” (PROTISTS)

ROBERT HOOKE1665

CREDITED WITH DISCOVERING AND NAMING THE CELL

USED ONE OF THE FIRST LIGHT MICROSCOPES

VIEWED A SLICE OF CORK – SAW THE CELL WALLS OF CORK TISSUE;

ITS STRUCTURE REMINDED HIM OF A MONASTERY’S TINY ROOMS CALLED CELLS

HOOKE’S MICROSCOPE & FINDINGS

I could exceedingly plainly perceive it to be all perforated and porous, much like a Honey-comb, but that the pores of it were not regular. . . . these pores, or cells, . . . were indeed the first microscopical pores I ever saw, and perhaps, that were ever seen, for I had not met with any Writer or Person, that had made any mention of them before this. . .

MATTIAS SCHLEIDEN

GERMAN BOTANIST CONCLUDED THAT ALL PLANTS ARE

MADE OF CELLS

THEODOR SCHWANN

GERMAN ZOOLOGIST CONCLUDED THAT ALL ANIMALS ARE

MADE OF CELLS

RUDOLF VIRCHOW

GERMAN PHYSICIAN STUDIED CELL REPRODUCTION CONCLUDED “WHERE A CELL EXISTS,

THERE MUST HAVE BEEN A PREEXISTING CELL”

CELL THEORY

ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE OF CELLS.

CELLS ARE THE BASIC UNITS OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN LIVING THINGS

NEW CELLS ARE PRODUCED FROM EXISTING CELLS

TWO CATEGORIES OF CELLS

PROKARYOTIC – “NO TRUE NUCLEUS” OR

CELLS THAT DO NOT HAVE MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES

EUKARYOTIC – “TRUE NUCLEUS” OR CELLS THAT DO CONTAIN MEMBRANE-

BOUND ORGANELLES

PROKARYOTES

ORGANELLES ARE: CELL WALL CELL MEMBRANE RIBOSOMES CYTOPLASM

PROKARYOTES

THE ONLY PROKARYOTIC ORGANISMS ARE THE BACTERIA

REPRODUCE BY BINARY FISSION REPRODUCE EXPONENTIALLY REVIEW QUESTION: WHERE IS DNA

FOUND IN A BACTERIAL CELL?

EUKARYOTES

CONTAIN MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES

SPECIALIZED STRUCTURES THAT PERFORM SPECIFIC CELLULAR FUNCTIONS

PLANTS, ANIMALS, FUNGI AND PROTISTS ARE ALL EUKARYOTES

IMPORTANT NOTES

ALL CELLS CONTAIN DNA – A NUCLEIC ACID;

DNA IS NOT AN ORGANELLE; ALL CELLS HAVE A CELL MEMBRANE; NOT ALL CELLS HAVE A CELL WALL; ANIMAL CELLS NEVER HAVE A CELL

WALL;

ASSIGNMENT

CHAPTER 7 PAGE 169 SECTION 7-2 PAGES 173 – 183 MAKE A TWO-COLUMN CHART OF THE

CELL ORGANELLES, GIVING THE ORGANELLE NAME AND FUNCTION