invertebrates. make up about 97 % of all animal species
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Invertebrates
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Invertebrates
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Invertebrates
Make up about 97 % of all animal species
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Phylum Porifera
Sponges Simplest animals Do not have tissues or organs Asymmetrical Have pores through which they filter
food andabsorb oxygen
Reproduces sexually through gametes orasexually through budding/fragmenting
Are usually hermaphrodites
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Phylum Porifera
Filter feeders Sessile as adults, meaning they don’t
moveand are stuck to a surface
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Phylum Porifera
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Phylum Cnidarian
Includes jellyfish, corals, hydras All live in water Reproduce sexually for the
most part, but can reproduceasexually through budding
radial symmetry sting
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Phylum Cnidarian
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Nematocysts, coiled and uncoiled
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Phylum Platyhelminthes
Flatworms Flat, thin bodies bilateral symmetry (simplest animal
withthis)
Usually hermaphrodites Reproduce sexually or
asexually through regeneration
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Phylum Platyhelminthes
Ex: planarians, flukes, and tapeworms.
Most are parasites
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Phylum Platyhelminthes
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Phylum Nematoda
Roundworms Examples: ascaris, pinworms,
heartwormsand hookworms
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Hookworms
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Phylum Nematoda
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Phylum Nematoda
bilateral symmetry live in wet soil or watery habitats Sexual reproduction
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Phylum Annelid
segmented worms Live in moist soil, saltwater, and
freshwater Bilateral symmetry Closed circulation True digestive system reproduce sexually Examples: earthworms
and leeches
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Phylum Annelid
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Phylum Mollusca
Examples: snails, slugs, oysters, clams, squids, and
octopuses Most live in saltwater and freshwater but some
do live onland
bilateral symmetry have a head, body and muscular “foot” Have gills (water) or a primitive lung (land) Open circulation Sexual reproduction soft bodies that contain organs A hard outside shell protects most mollusks
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Phylum Mollusca
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Phylum Arthropoda
•Largest group of invertebrates•segmented bodies with jointed legs, which add flexibility•exoskeleton contains chitin, the same sugar found in fungi cell walls (and nowhere else)•must Molt which is when they shed the old exoskeleton, after the new one has grown beneath it.
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Molting…
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Phylum Arthropoda
Three main groups: Crustaceans Arachnids Insects More groups are out there, but….
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Crustaceans
Examples: Lobsters, crabs, crayfish, rolypolys(pillbugs) Must live in water or moist areas
Most have 5 pairs of legs, but often the first pair is modified into claws
Two OR three body segments, depending onspecies
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Crustaceans
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Arachnids
spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions,granddaddy long legs (harvestmen)
Six pairs of jointed appendages, 4 pairs ofwhich are legs.
2 body segments—cephalothorax andabdomen
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Arachnids
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Insects
Live almost everywhere, except in the deep ocean
Ex.: mosquitoes, flies, ants, and beetles 6 legs 3 body segments Since insects can fly, they can escape
predators—why they are successful! (only invertebrate that canfly!) Find food Find new habitats
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Insects
Metamorphosis: a series of chemicallycontrolled changes in body structure from juvenile to adult
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Insects
Complete metamorphosis: the changesin the animal’s form in which earlier stagesdo not look like the adult
Four stages: egg, larva, pupa, adult Ex.: butterfly
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Insects
Incomplete metamorphosis: the younginsects resemble the adults
3 stages: egg, nymph, adult A nymph hatches from the egg with the
same general appearance as the adult,only smaller
Ex.: grasshoppers, cockroaches
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Insects
Many insects are pests Fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes carry
microorganisms that cause disease Grasshoppers and caterpillars
destroycrops
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Insects
Many insects are the food source for otherorganisms
Other insects are useful. Ex.: make honey, wax, silk
Insects pollinate flowers that produce fruits
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Phylum Echinodermata
Sea urchins, sand dollars, sea cucumbers, and seastars
Live in marine environments Name means spiny skin No body segments Radial symmetry have spines Have mouth, stomach, intestines, but no
head/brain Reproduce sexually or asexually through
regeneration
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Phylum Echinodermata
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Phylum Echinodermata
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Phylum Echinodermata
Have an endoskeleton Have tube feet to attach firmly to
surfaces and also to move Tube feet are like suction cups