investigating your debtor in mexico, 2014 creditscape, western region credit conference seminar...

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10/20/2014 1 Investigating Your Debtor in Mexico Key lessons from fraud and debt collection cases for better screening of debtors Romelio Hernandez CreditScape Conference 2014 October 16, 2014 Palms Las Vegas Fraud case 1 1. Our introduction to fraud 2. Customer a trusted businessmen 3. 8+ years doing business

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Investigating Your Debtor, 2014 CreditScape, Western Region Credit Conference Seminar Slide Deck, sponsored by Credit Management Association. More information: www.creditmanagementassociation.org

TRANSCRIPT

10/20/2014

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Investigating Your Debtor in MexicoKey lessons from fraud and debt collection 

cases for better screening of debtors

Romelio Hernandez

CreditScape Conference 2014October 16, 2014 Palms ‐ Las Vegas 

Fraud case 1

1. Our introduction to fraud

2. Customer a trusted businessmen

3. 8+ years doing business

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Our program

1. Credit application information

2. Free tools for investigation

3. More reliable resources

4. Checklist for due diligence

Resources will be useful for:

1. Evaluating prospect customers

2. Evaluating debtors for litigation

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Two types of debtors

1. Average Businessman

2. Professional Con‐Artist

Fraud is a product of both:

1. Personality

2. Situational variables

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Duffield, Grace et al. “The psychology of fraud.” Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice. March 2001: 1‐6.

“There are situational conditions that would 

discourage all but the most incorrigible people from committing fraud.”

Duffield, Grace et al. “The psychology of fraud.” Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice. March 2001: 1‐6.

“Conversely, there are situations that encourage fraud to the point that even 

the average person is at risk of engaging in it.”

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Association of Certified Fraud Examiners

Fraud Triangle

Perceived Needs (Incentives/Pressure)

Fraud case 2

1. Owner of several companies

2. Apparent strong brand presence

3. Strong purchasing capacity

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Corporate Groups

Fraud through Paper Co.

=

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1. General info about prospect

2. Financial info

i. Business and banking references

ii. Financial information

iii. Credit bureau report

3. Terms of sale and security

Credit application: what to include?

• Webinar

• Tuesday, Oct 21, 2014 

• 9:00 AM ‐ 10:00 AM PDT

• https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/105056497405499137

The Legal, Credit & Collection Environments in Brazil and Mexico

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1. Does prospect currently has lawsuits?

2. Are there other companies doing business in the same address?

3. Is prospect part of a corporate group? (ask for name of related companies)

4. Name of customs broker in Mexico

5. Years in business and brand presence

“Specific information” about prospect

• Report from Mexican Credit Bureau

• http://www.burodecredito.com.mx/

• Available only to credit info suppliers

• Debtors get 2 free reports per year

In support of credit application

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https://wbc2.burodecredito.com.mx:8474/rceonline‐pm/

https://wbc2.burodecredito.com.mx:8474/rceonline‐pm/

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https://wbc2.burodecredito.com.mx:8474/rceonline‐pm/

Performance of Mexican Courts

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Fraud case 3

1. Strong purchasing capacity

2. Good reference from competitor

3. Partially covered by credit insurance

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Initial basic information

• Search company status at SIEM:

– http://www.siem.gob.mx/siem/portal/consultas/ligas.asp?Tem=1

• Physical inspection: detecting red flags

• Public contracts at COMPRANET

• Importers’ registry at Customs (SOIA)

Physical inspection

• Verification of company’s situation

– As represented in credit application

– Other indicators (employees, inventory, facility size, neighborhood, etc.)

• Conducted by local sales rep or source

• Obtain written report for your file

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Database of Government Suppliers andCOMPRANET

– http://www.compranet.gob.mx

– http://cnet.funcionpublica.gob.mx/servicios/consultaRUPC.jsf 

– https://sites.google.com/site/cnetrupc/Guias‐y‐Formatos/RUPC.xlsx?attredirects=0

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https://sites.google.com/site/cnetuc/contrataciones

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http://www.aduanas.gob.mx/SOIANET/oia_wfrPatConsulRFC.aspx

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Excellent resources for free

• Investigation through the RUG (registry for security over movable assets)

• Investigation through the IMPI website(Mexican Institute of Industrial Property)

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Secured TransactionsFeatures

1. Electronic

2. Free

3. Immediate results

www.rug.gob.mx

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http://marcanet.impi.gob.mx/marcanet/controler/TitularBusca

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Most reliable services

• Nationwide lawsuitsinvestigation

• Full investigation at local public registry

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Public registry of property/commerce

• Corporate information

– Mandatory publication of financials

• Assets and loans

• Liens, seizures, attachments

• Bankruptcy, liquidation process

Registry issues to consider

• Cost

• Time

• “Intangibles”

• SIGER online system in future

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Fraud case 4

1. Strong financials statements

2. Audited financials

3. Huge business potential

Audited financial statements

• Which companies are obligated?

– Voluntary audits

• How to spot accuracy or reliability?

– Validation at SAT

– Registration and reputation of CPA

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Due Diligence Checklist

Credit Application

Review credit app to include specific info for red flags

Request credit report in support of application

Confirm reliability of financial statements

Assign risk level of customer based on jurisdiction

Essential task

Request company verification from sales representative

Optional online searches

Conduct preliminary search at SIEM

Conduct additional online searches at COMPRANET 

Conduct additional online searches at CUSTOMS (SOIA)

Conduct online search at RUG 

Conduct online search at IMPI

Essential investigations 

Conduct lawsuits investigation

Full investigation at local public registry 

CONCLUSIONS

1. We should treat all prospects as a potential risk of fraud.

2. With the right tools and resources, we can and should do our due diligenceeffectively, efficiently, and thoroughly.

3. Do this and you will avoid ending up as a case‐study in Romelio’s presentation.

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For additional information please visit us at 

www.hmhlegal.com

THANK YOU!

For copies of slides or webinar registration contact me at:  

[email protected]