PlanningResearch question: How does changing _____ (units) affect the _____ (units) of ______Background: Provide a context for the investigationProvide overview of known related ScienceVariables Factor DescriptionIndependent Temperature Temperature will be changed by heating with a Bunsen

burner and measurements will be made every 10 degrees as measured by a thermometer

Dependent Conductivity Measured using a LabPro conductivity probe

Fixed or controlled

Controlled variables should be values which are actually maintained by action not just using the same equipment

MethodA list of the equipment including details of type and amountA labelled diagram should be used to support method The method should consist of numbered single instruction sentencesMust include how to alter the independent variable, how to measure the dependent variable and how to control other variableMust include taking at least 5 different values each with 3 trailsHighlight any safety precautions made in an additional boxExample1. Set up equipment as shown in the diagram.2. Use a measuring cylinder to collect 20ml of hydrochloric acid.

Data CollectionIndependent Variable ± uncertainty (units)

Dependent Variable (units)

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average

Volume of acid (ml)

Conductivity (μS/cm)

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average

10

20

30

40

50

General example

Example

Qualitative notes including any anomalies should be recorded after the results table

Remember you target is 5 sets of data each repeated 3 times

Data Analysis•Construct a scatter graph with a trend line – the independent variable should always be on the x-axis

•Describe the graph trend in words and with a mathematical formula. E.g. A straight line of best fit with a positive gradient (y = 84x-2)

Conclusion• Make a conclusive statement – what

did you find out • Offer a scientific explanation• Comment on the validity of your

findings • Compared to theory• Showing consistency of data

EvaluationIssue ImprovementVolume of acid not controlled Measure 100ml with measuring

cylinder

The order of the issues should be used to show the relative impact on the experiment – with the greatest impact first