investigative inquiry: why was darwin bombed? the ... · pdf fileargument that australia was...

Investigative Inquiry: Why was Darwin The Strategic Role of Darwin in the Australia

The Build Up to War

In the 1930s Darwin was awash with construction workers as major military and civil infrastructure was built in readiness for the anticipated war.size and facilities such as Larrakeyah Barracks, Manton Dam and the RAAF base were keys to the defence of Darwin and its role as a staging post.

The Japanese expansion and imperial ambitions were becoming clearer as can be seen in the interactive map that details the growth of Japan's aspirations over the past century and a half.

Reverend Christopher Goy - "built the huge aerodrome, the RAAF; and the navy built the [antithe harbour, and the [military] numbers grew and grew and grew."

Investigative Options

Investigate the historic links be

• Investigate the historic links between northern Australia and Asia to form an argument that Australia was not ‘discovered’ by Captain Cook. In teams debate the notion that Captain Cook discovered Australia vs. Australia was not discovered since many people visited and traded with local people over centuries prior to the arrival of European settlers.

• Describe Australia’s engagement with Asia in the lead up to World War II this affected by the Japanese expansion across the region?

Students are encouraged to investigate historical links between northern Australia and Asia through reading and discussion of a range of resources that could include:

• Makassan contact: o The Manikay website promotes and discusses traditional music from the Top

End of Australia and discusses the influence of Makassan trade over at least three centuries

� http://www.manikay.com/didjeridu/macass.shtml� http://www.manikay.com/didjeridu/index.shtml

o http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassan_contact_with_Australiao http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassaro http://www.nma.gov.au/audio/transcripts/NMA_Mercieca_20080709.htmlo http://www.nretas.nt.gov.au/knowledge

history/heritage/maritime/monsoono http://www.24hrart.org.au/download/Djalkiri_project_notes.pdf

< www.nt.gov.au/defenceofdarwin>

nvestigative Inquiry: Why was Darwin Bombed?ole of Darwin in the Defence of

In the 1930s Darwin was awash with construction workers as major military and civil infrastructure was built in readiness for the anticipated war. The Darwin Garrison size and facilities such as Larrakeyah Barracks, Manton Dam and the RAAF base were keys to the defence of Darwin and its role as a staging post.

The Japanese expansion and imperial ambitions were becoming clearer as can be seen in ap that details the growth of Japan's aspirations over the past century and a

"Nobody ever thought we'd have a war [in Darwin].built the huge aerodrome, the RAAF; and the navy built the [anti-submarine] boom acrothe harbour, and the [military] numbers grew and grew and grew."

Investigate the historic links between Northern Australia and Asia

Investigate the historic links between northern Australia and Asia to form an Australia was not ‘discovered’ by Captain Cook. In teams debate the

notion that Captain Cook discovered Australia vs. Australia was not discovered since many people visited and traded with local people over centuries prior to the arrival of

Describe Australia’s engagement with Asia in the lead up to World War II this affected by the Japanese expansion across the region?

Students are encouraged to investigate historical links between northern Australia and Asia and discussion of a range of resources that could include:

Manikay website promotes and discusses traditional music from the Top End of Australia and discusses the influence of Makassan trade over at least three centuries

http://www.manikay.com/didjeridu/macass.shtml http://www.manikay.com/didjeridu/index.shtml

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassan_contact_with_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassar

p://www.nma.gov.au/audio/transcripts/NMA_Mercieca_20080709.htmlhttp://www.nretas.nt.gov.au/knowledge-and-history/heritage/maritime/monsoon http://www.24hrart.org.au/download/Djalkiri_project_notes.pdf

www.nt.gov.au/defenceofdarwin>I Middle Years 1

ombed? efence of

In the 1930s Darwin was awash with construction workers as major military and civil The Darwin Garrison grew in

size and facilities such as Larrakeyah Barracks, Manton Dam and the RAAF base were keys

The Japanese expansion and imperial ambitions were becoming clearer as can be seen in ap that details the growth of Japan's aspirations over the past century and a

we'd have a war [in Darwin]. But they submarine] boom across

Northern Australia and Asia

Investigate the historic links between northern Australia and Asia to form an Australia was not ‘discovered’ by Captain Cook. In teams debate the

notion that Captain Cook discovered Australia vs. Australia was not discovered since many people visited and traded with local people over centuries prior to the arrival of

Describe Australia’s engagement with Asia in the lead up to World War II – how was

Students are encouraged to investigate historical links between northern Australia and Asia and discussion of a range of resources that could include:

Manikay website promotes and discusses traditional music from the Top End of Australia and discusses the influence of Makassan trade over at least

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassan_contact_with_Australia

p://www.nma.gov.au/audio/transcripts/NMA_Mercieca_20080709.html

http://www.24hrart.org.au/download/Djalkiri_project_notes.pdf

o http://www.ealta.org/localhistory.html

• Chinese in Northern Australiao http://www.chungwahnt.asn.au/index.php?page=shorto http://youtu.be/nl8PcAh6CUUo http://www.chia.chinesemuseum.com.au/biogs/CH00522b.htmo http://www.nretas.nt.gov.au/knowledge

history/ntas/guides/chinese#GOVERNMENT

• Japanese in Northern Austo http://museumvictoria.com.au/origins/history.aspx?pid=33o http://australia.gov.

industry o http://trove.nla.gov.au/result?q=japanese%20pearlerso http://ajrp.awm.goo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_Australiano http://multiculturalaustralia.edu.au/doc/nag

And from the National Digital Learning Resources Network Malay and Indonesian Pearl Divers in Broome

• http://www.ndlrn.edu.au/using_the_resources/australian_curriculum_resources/history.html

• Making multicultural Australia website is a very useful site for a timeline history of

multicultural Australia. Here you can find some information about the early relations between Indigenous Australians and the outside world

o http://www.multiculturalaustralia.edu.au/history/timeline/period/BeforeAustralian-Nation/screen/2.Earlyand-the-outside

• An article on the historical links between Australia and Indonesia can be accessed ato http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/international/radio/onairhighlights/historians

probe-links-between

• Queensland Historical Atlas outlines the connection between northern Queensland and South East Asia:

o http://www.qhatlas.com.au/content/neighbours

Describe the population of Darwin before World War II

• Each visitor to the Defence of Darwin Experience will receive a character card with an image of a real person who was in Darwin during World War II.cards represent people who arrived during or after the bombing of Darwin, most people represented lived in Darwin in the lead up to the war. The characters are well represented throughout the Defence of Darwin their time in the museum to investigate the type of people who were living in Darwin during February 1942, including the roles they played in society and the defence of Australia.


http://www.ealta.org/localhistory.html

Chinese in Northern Australia: http://www.chungwahnt.asn.au/index.php?page=short-historyhttp://youtu.be/nl8PcAh6CUU - Video of Chung Wah Temple

www.chia.chinesemuseum.com.au/biogs/CH00522b.htmhttp://www.nretas.nt.gov.au/knowledge-and-history/ntas/guides/chinese#GOVERNMENT

Japanese in Northern Australia: http://museumvictoria.com.au/origins/history.aspx?pid=33 http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/australias

http://trove.nla.gov.au/result?q=japanese%20pearlers http://ajrp.awm.gov.au/ajrp/ajrp2.nsf/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_Australian http://multiculturalaustralia.edu.au/doc/nagata_japanese_tsi.pdf

And from the National Digital Learning Resources Network – Year 5 Japanese, Malay and Indonesian Pearl Divers in Broome

http://www.ndlrn.edu.au/using_the_resources/australian_curriculum_resources/history.html

Australia website is a very useful site for a timeline history of multicultural Australia. Here you can find some information about the early relations between Indigenous Australians and the outside world:

http://www.multiculturalaustralia.edu.au/history/timeline/period/BeforeNation/screen/2.Early-relations-between-Indigenous

outside-world

An article on the historical links between Australia and Indonesia can be accessed athttp://www.radioaustralia.net.au/international/radio/onairhighlights/historians

between-indonesia-indigenous-australians

Queensland Historical Atlas outlines the connection between northern Queensland

http://www.qhatlas.com.au/content/neighbours

n of Darwin before World War II

Each visitor to the Defence of Darwin Experience will receive a character card with an image of a real person who was in Darwin during World War II. cards represent people who arrived during or after the bombing of Darwin, most

presented lived in Darwin in the lead up to the war. The characters are well represented throughout the Defence of Darwin Experience and students can use their time in the museum to investigate the type of people who were living in Darwin

1942, including the roles they played in society and the defence of


history Video of Chung Wah Temple

www.chia.chinesemuseum.com.au/biogs/CH00522b.htm

story/australias-pearling-

ata_japanese_tsi.pdf

Year 5 Japanese,

http://www.ndlrn.edu.au/using_the_resources/australian_curriculum_r

Australia website is a very useful site for a timeline history of multicultural Australia. Here you can find some information about the early relations

http://www.multiculturalaustralia.edu.au/history/timeline/period/Before-the-Indigenous-Australians-

An article on the historical links between Australia and Indonesia can be accessed at: http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/international/radio/onairhighlights/historians-

Queensland Historical Atlas outlines the connection between northern Queensland

Each visitor to the Defence of Darwin Experience will receive a character card with While some of the

cards represent people who arrived during or after the bombing of Darwin, most presented lived in Darwin in the lead up to the war. The characters are well

and students can use their time in the museum to investigate the type of people who were living in Darwin

1942, including the roles they played in society and the defence of

• To investigate population numbers and gain further insight into the demography of the Northern Territory in 1942, students can access the Australian Bureau of Statistics for the following publications:

o Commonwealthhttp://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/free.nsf/0/2616F974E1F8CD99CA257650001C5F13/$File/31410_No59_1941.pdf

o Commonwealthhttp://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/free.nsf/0/2616F974E1F8CD99CA257650001C5F13/$File/31410_No60_1942.pdf

o Year Book Australia, 1941http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/DetailsPage/1301.01941

o Year Book Australia, 1942http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/DetailsPage/1301.01942

• The National Archives of Australia ‘Evacuation of women and children from Darwin 1941-42 has a number of accessible records about the Darwin wartime evacuations:

o http://www.naa.gov.au/naaresources/publications/research_guides/ntguide/chapter4/4.2.html

• And, review The Stolen Generations website about evacuation of the Aborigines’

o http://www.stolengenerations.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=articl

e&id=167&Itemid=137

What was Darwin like before World War II?

• The bombing of Darwin occurred in February 1942, Poland by Germany and almost 6 years into a war between Japan and China, which ultimately became swept up in World War II. Darwin as it was before World War II, in the 1920’s and 1930’s, with some quotes from those that lived in the frontier town are exhibited in the Defence of Darwin Experience. Key objects are representative of some of the key elements of Darwin society of the time and include a sign from a Chinese shop, pearl shell ornaments and a piece of submarine telegraph line. Each of these items provides a clue about what Darwin was like prior to World War II.

On reflection after a visit to the Defence of Darwin Experience and/or on review of the resources on this wmultimedia presentation about how life was like in Darwin before World War II and include some drawings, sketches and/or allowable photographic images.


To investigate population numbers and gain further insight into the demography of the Northern Territory in 1942, students can access the Australian Bureau of

e following publications:

mmonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics – Demography 1941http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/free.nsf/0/2616F974E1F8CD99CA257650001C5F13/$File/31410_No59_1941.pdf

Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics – Demography 1942http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/free.nsf/0/2616F974E1F8CD99CA257650001C5F13/$File/31410_No60_1942.pdf

Year Book Australia, 1941 - http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/DetailsPage/1301.01941

Book Australia, 1942-43 - http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/DetailsPage/1301.01942

rchives of Australia ‘Evacuation of women and children from Darwin 42 has a number of accessible records about the Darwin wartime evacuations:

p://www.naa.gov.au/naaresources/publications/research_guides/ntguide/chapter4/4.2.html

And, review The Stolen Generations website about ‘The bombing of Darwin and the evacuation of the Aborigines’ at:

http://www.stolengenerations.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=167&Itemid=137ht

What was Darwin like before World War II?

The bombing of Darwin occurred in February 1942, three years after the invasion of Poland by Germany and almost 6 years into a war between Japan and China, which ultimately became swept up in World War II. Darwin as it was before World War II, in

s and 1930’s, with some quotes from those that lived in the frontier town are exhibited in the Defence of Darwin Experience. Key objects are representative of some of the key elements of Darwin society of the time and include a sign from a

earl shell ornaments and a piece of submarine telegraph line. Each of these items provides a clue about what Darwin was like prior to World War II.

On reflection after a visit to the Defence of Darwin Experience and/or on review of the resources on this website, the internet and libraries, write a report, a story, or a multimedia presentation about how life was like in Darwin before World War II and include some drawings, sketches and/or allowable photographic images.


To investigate population numbers and gain further insight into the demography of the Northern Territory in 1942, students can access the Australian Bureau of

Demography 1941 - http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/free.nsf/0/2616F974E1F8CD99CA2

Demography 1942 - http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/free.nsf/0/2616F974E1F8CD99CA2

http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/DetailsPage/1301.01941

http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/DetailsPage/1301.01942-43

rchives of Australia ‘Evacuation of women and children from Darwin 42 has a number of accessible records about the Darwin wartime evacuations:

p://www.naa.gov.au/naaresources/publications/research_guides/nt-

‘The bombing of Darwin and the

http://www.stolengenerations.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=articl

years after the invasion of Poland by Germany and almost 6 years into a war between Japan and China, which ultimately became swept up in World War II. Darwin as it was before World War II, in

s and 1930’s, with some quotes from those that lived in the frontier town are exhibited in the Defence of Darwin Experience. Key objects are representative of some of the key elements of Darwin society of the time and include a sign from a

earl shell ornaments and a piece of submarine telegraph line. Each of these items provides a clue about what Darwin was like prior to World War II.

On reflection after a visit to the Defence of Darwin Experience and/or on review of ebsite, the internet and libraries, write a report, a story, or a

multimedia presentation about how life was like in Darwin before World War II and include some drawings, sketches and/or allowable photographic images.

Investigate the role of Darwin in AusWorld War II

Look at the activities associated with ‘A Projective Investigation: Darwin’s Air Defences’ and /or ‘A Projective Investigation: Darwin’s Coastal Defences’

What does the timeline of the Japanese military strategy?

• Visit the Defence of Darwin Experience to investigate the timeline of Japanese expansion in the Pacific.

• Investigate the Japanese expansion online at the BBC History page: o http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/japan_quest_empire_01.shtml

• Investigate the timeline for World War II from the United States Holocaust Memorial

Museum and think about how the pacific waworld

o http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007306

• Find out what American Military History writes about Japanese strategy at their Army Historical Series

o http://www.history.army.mil/books/AMH/AMH

• You could take a look at these wikis abAustralian waters during World War II:

o http://www.ozatwar.com/japsubs/japsubs.htmo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_on_Sydney_Harbour

• And these websites:

o http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/underattack/sydharbour.htmlo http://www.skwirk.com.au/p

and-world-war-o http://www.skwirk.com.au/p

sydney/nsw/submarineshome-front

o http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proposed_Japanese_invasion_of_Australia_during_World_War_II

• And from the National Digital Learning Resources Network

threat to Australia 1941o http://www.ndlrn.edu.au/using_the_resources/australian_curriculum

s/history.html • Prepare a report with a

1945. The report should highlight significant events that are Japanese strategy and consider events that reveal Japanese military at that time.


Investigate the role of Darwin in Australia’s military capability in

Look at the activities associated with ‘A Projective Investigation: Darwin’s Air Defences’ and /or ‘A Projective Investigation: Darwin’s Coastal Defences’.

What does the timeline of the Japanese expansion tell us about Japanese

Visit the Defence of Darwin Experience to investigate the timeline of Japanese acific.

Investigate the Japanese expansion online at the BBC History page: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/japan_quest_empire_01.shtml

Investigate the timeline for World War II from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and think about how the pacific war related to the war in other parts of the

http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007306

Find out what American Military History writes about Japanese strategy at their Army

http://www.history.army.mil/books/AMH/AMH-23.htm

You could take a look at these wikis about the activities of Japanese submarines in Australian waters during World War II:

http://www.ozatwar.com/japsubs/japsubs.htm ://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_on_Sydney_Harbour

http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/underattack/sydharbour.htmlhttp://www.skwirk.com.au/p-c_s-14_u-91_t-200_c-668/nsw/history/australia

-ii/the-australian-home-front/the-bombing-of-darwinhttp://www.skwirk.com.au/p-c_s-14_u-91_t-200_c-669/submarinessydney/nsw/submarines-in-sydney/australia-and-world-war-

p://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proposed_Japanese_invasion_of_Australia_during_World_War_II

And from the National Digital Learning Resources Network – Year threat to Australia 1941-43

http://www.ndlrn.edu.au/using_the_resources/australian_curriculum

a timeline showing the Japanese expansion across Asia 18681945. The report should highlight significant events that are importantJapanese strategy and consider events that reveal the strategic directJapanese military at that time.


tralia’s military capability in the lead up to

Look at the activities associated with ‘A Projective Investigation: Darwin’s Air Defences’ and

expansion tell us about Japanese

Visit the Defence of Darwin Experience to investigate the timeline of Japanese

Investigate the Japanese expansion online at the BBC History page: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/japan_quest_empire_01.shtml

Investigate the timeline for World War II from the United States Holocaust Memorial r related to the war in other parts of the

http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007306


out the activities of Japanese submarines in

http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/underattack/sydharbour.html w/history/australia-

darwin 669/submarines-in-

-ii/the-australian-

p://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proposed_Japanese_invasion_of_Australia_durin

Year 10 Japanese

http://www.ndlrn.edu.au/using_the_resources/australian_curriculum_resource

timeline showing the Japanese expansion across Asia 1868-important to the

strategic direction of the

Was Australia part of Japan’s strategy or its defensive field?

• Prepare a report with timeline showing the Japanese expansion across Asia 18681945 highlighting significant events that address the inquiry prepare an argument for whether you think Australia was part of Japan’s strategy or its defensive field.

• Why was it so important for Japan to expand in the Asia Pacific Region?

• Find out what American Military History writes aboutHistorical Series:

o http://www.history.army.mil/books/AMH/AMH

• Investigate Japan’s quest for an Empire on the BBC History pageo http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/japan_quest_empire_01.shtml

• Listen to the podcasts on the ABC about the Japanese Air Raids on Broome during World War II: o http://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2012/02/27/3440674.htm?site=darwin

• Have a read of Peter Stanley’s Conference Presentation:o http://www.awm.gov.au/events/conference/2002/stanley_paper.pdf


Was Australia part of Japan’s strategy or its defensive field?

Prepare a report with timeline showing the Japanese expansion across Asia 18681945 highlighting significant events that address the inquiry question. In your report prepare an argument for whether you think Australia was part of Japan’s strategy or

Why was it so important for Japan to expand in the Asia Pacific Region?


http://www.history.army.mil/books/AMH/AMH-23.htm

s quest for an Empire on the BBC History page: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/japan_quest_empire_01.shtml

Listen to the podcasts on the ABC about the Japanese Air Raids on Broome during

http://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2012/02/27/3440674.htm?site=darwin

Have a read of Peter Stanley’s Conference Presentation: http://www.awm.gov.au/events/conference/2002/stanley_paper.pdf


Prepare a report with timeline showing the Japanese expansion across Asia 1868-question. In your report

prepare an argument for whether you think Australia was part of Japan’s strategy or

Why was it so important for Japan to expand in the Asia Pacific Region?

Japanese strategy at their Army

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/japan_quest_empire_01.shtml

Listen to the podcasts on the ABC about the Japanese Air Raids on Broome during

http://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2012/02/27/3440674.htm?site=darwin

http://www.awm.gov.au/events/conference/2002/stanley_paper.pdf

investigative inquiry: why was darwin bombed? the ... · pdf fileargument that australia was...

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