inwepf 4th steering meeting and symposium july 5-7, 2007 bangkok,thailand 1

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1 INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

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Page 1: INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 1

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Page 2: INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 1

Rice Culture, a Heritage of Asian History

July 5~7, 2007Bangkok ,Thailand

Dr .Yoo Man HUHVice President, ICID Rep. of KOREA

Page 3: INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok,Thailand 1

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Structure of the presentation

1 Paddy Farming

2 Economic Aspects

3 Cultural & Social Aspects

4 Multi-functionality of Paddy Farming

5 Conclusions

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Paddy farming is…

In Wikipedia

“a flooded parcel of arable land used for growing rice and other semi aquatic crops.

Paddy fields are a typical feature of rice-growing countries of east and southeast Asia

including Malaysia, China, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Taiwan, Indonesia, India, and the Philippines.”

1

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Population

Arable land

Trend of population & Arable land

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Paddy farming

Hay stacks on stilts in paddy field ,Karnataka(L.Shyamal, 2006)

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Scarecrow: A paddy field in Japan (Wikipedia, 2007)

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Paddy farming

Rice terraces, Longji, Guangxi Province, China(Doron, May 2000)

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Paddy farming

Terrace rice fields in Yunnan Province, China(Jialiang Gao, 2003)

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Paddy farming

The photo of paddy field in India.(Nvineeth, 2006)

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Origin of Rice

Widespread in Asian(East and Southeast) Origin of “Rice” : from Ancient India Sanskrit

Vrihi, Ni, Nuan Similar Korean “Non” for paddy field Malaysia, the Philippines-”Badi”, “Bindi” for rice

in Korean “Beo”- meaning rice grain

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Origin of Rice

Rice (genus Oryza) is tolerant to hot, humid, flooded conditions and grows in saline, alkaline and acidic soils.

Of 23 Oryza species, two are cultivated: Oryza sativa , which originated in the humid tropics of Asia, and O. glaberrima, from West Africa.

Asian cultivated rice has evolved into three eco-geographic races - indica, japonica and javanica

(Source:International year of rice 2004,IRRI).

Source: http://www.fao.org/rice2004/en/rice-us.htm

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Paddy farming in Asia

Cultural & Social

Aspects

Economic Aspects

Environmental Aspects

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice in Asia

IRRI :

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice in Korea

BC 300 – AD 670

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Cliiper Russel(Eco-economist)

Paddy field with golden wave and scarecrow with white garment in fall is the one of the attractive scenery in the world

Paddy Fields Landscape

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Economic aspects of rice

Rice production

China India Indo Bang JP USA Kr

50

100

150

200

Million ton1

2

34

9

11.3

12

7.49.6

11

2

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

2 Economic aspects of rice

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

2 Economic aspects of rice

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice price outlook

Source: USDA, Rice Outlook

Dollar/tonMedium grain

Long grain

2 Economic aspects of rice

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

•International rice supply and outlook

Class2004/0

52005/06(Estimat

e)

2006/07(outlook) Change(%)

2006.12 2007.1Previous year

Previous

monthProduction

400.5 415.5 416.4 415.0 -0.1 -0.3

Supply 485.6 493.7 496.8 495.5 0.4 -0.3

Consume 407.7 413.2 418.2 417.7 1.1 -0.1

Trade 28.4 27.8 28.2 28.9 4.0 2.7Stock

In previous yr%

78.2 80.4 78.6 77.7 -3.4 -1.1

19.2 19.5 18.8 18.6    

Source: USDA, World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates, January 12, 2007.

(Unit: million ton)

2 Economic aspects of rice

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Cultural & Social Aspects of rice3

Paddy Fields turn yellow in Autumn, KOREA

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

In the Mythology of GoChosun

Mother of Ju-mong, “Gog Mo Sin”, Goddess to manage the agriculture

Tradition to lay kernels of rice on the mat in the palanquin

One of the important role of mother is to manage the rice kernel for their family survival

To serve their ancestor shrine by pure rice

Rice, in the middle of Korean history

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Meaning of Rice in Chinese Character

88 times hand care until harvest.

Rice day? August 18米

How many processes needed for rice?

Shape of rice head?

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Life Cycle of Rice

Plant: intensive labor Harvest: Alcohol drink,

Rice cake, soft drink, sweets, snack, etc. more than hundreds

Post harvest: Thatch-Mat”멍석” , shoes ”집쌔기”

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice and Culture in Korea

“ 성주대감”  Sung Ju Dae Gam, Pot to keep rice at home, treat as a sanctuary.

“Sung ju”: a household guardian, tutelary deity

Function of the pot: to make household blessed and comfortable

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Feet is twisted when stepping rice kernels.

Spoiling rice makes abort.

Rice storage represents generosity of the

household.

Rice in the Proverbs

Tradition to respect rice, and It goes with history of Korea rooted in the life

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice in the Korean Culture (Poem)

나는 듣고 있네 내 안에 들어와 피가 되고 살이 되고 뼈가 되는 한 톨의 쌀의 노래 그가 춤추는 소리를 쌀의 고운 웃음 가득히 흔들리는 우리의 겸허한 들판은 꿈에서도 잊을 수 없네 하얀 쌀을 씻어 밥을 안치는 엄마의 마음으로 날마다 새롭게 희망을 안쳐야지 

적은 양의 쌀이 불어 많은 양의 밥이 되듯 적은 분량의 사랑으로도 나눌수록 넘쳐나는 사랑의 기쁨 갈수록 살기 힘들어도 절망하지 말아야지 밥을 뜸들이는 기다림으로 모락모락 피어 오르는 희망으로 내일의 식탁을 준비해야지 .

- 이해인 -

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice in the Music and Dancing

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice and Culture in Asia

Paddy solved housing, food and fuel in traditional farm village

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice in Asia

Source: M. A. Bell et. Al., 2000, Research for development: IRRI’s in country roles p9-10

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice in Asia

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice area in the world

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice in Asia

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice is • The main source of employment, income

and nutrition in many poor, food insecure regions of the world

• Calories source of 530 million people less than US $1 a day, about 60-70 % of total food intake.

• Principal activity and source of income for about 100 million households in Asia and Africa

Source: M. A. Bell et. Al., 2000, Research for development: IRRI’s in country roles p9-10

Rice in Asia

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice is a major daily life in Asian countries

Rice is a central part of many cultures and some countries even credit rice cultivation with the development of their civilization. It is remarkable that almost every culture has its own way of harvesting, processing and eating rice and these different traditions are, in fact, part of the world's cultural heritage(FAO, 2004).

Source: http://www.fao.org/rice2004/en/rice-us.htm

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice has been a life for long times

Thousands of years ago, people from East to South Asia settled throughout river deltas and domesticated wild rice.

The productivity of wetland rice crops led to population growth and to the development of society and civilization.

Source: http://www.fao.org/rice2004/en/rice-us.htm

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Rice versus culture

Rice cultivation, the intense labour needed Social habits and landscape shaped Community structures and a corresponding

culture of rice created Inspired songs, paintings, stories, festivals

Rice culture created Asian’s culture, custom, Tradition and life style.

Source: M. A. Bell et. Al., 2000, Research for development: IRRI’s in country roles p9-10

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Multi-functionality of paddy farming

Food security

Flood control

Groundwater recharge

Reduction of soil loss

Air purification

Enhancement of biodiversity

4

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Conclusions

Not just economic approach because it is a matter of identity: not just a matter of food

and cost

-Asia, central part of culture

-Principal source of income for 100 mill house a matter of life

-expensive, not give a birth?

-why you invest for emergency, food?

5

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Peculiarity of Asian monsoon region

- Climate conditions and regional characteristics are totally different from non paddy areas

- climate change and diverse functions of paddy farming should be taken into account

Social and traditional components should be considered for policy making in the paddy farming in Asia ,especially in monsoon and tropical region.

5 Conclusions

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INWEPF 4th Steering Meeting and Symposium July 5-7, 2007 Bangkok ,Thailand

Paddy Straw roofing old house in winter, Korea

Thank you for your listening