ionic bonds /. ch. 4-1: p.p. 114-119 an atom that gains one or more electrons will have a...
TRANSCRIPT
Ch. 4-1: p.p. 114-119
An atom that gains one or more electrons will have a ____________________ charge.
An atom that loses one or more electrons will have a ____________________ charge.
An atom that gains or loses one or more electrons is called an ____________.
A positive ion is called a ______________ and a negative ion is called an _______________.
POSITIVE
NEGATIVE
ION
CATIONANION
“An-Eye-On”“Cat-Eye-On”
There are 3 types of bonds:
1.Ionic Bonds – Metals bond with Nonmetals (electrons are taken, not shared)
2. Covalent Bonds – Nonmetals bond with Nonmetals (share electrons)
3. Metallic Bonds – Metals bond with Metals (“positive ions in a sea of electrons” to describe metallic bonding)
What is an ionic bond?
Atoms will transfer one or more ________________ to another to form the bond.
Each atom is left with a ________________ outer shell.
An ionic bond forms between a ___________ ion with a positive charge and a
________________ ion with a negative charge.
ELECTRONS
COMPLETE
METAL
NONMETAL
*Ionic bonds attract oppositely charged ions. (Metal bonded with a Nonmetal)
Turn to page 116 and answer the following questions:
• What is an ionic bond?
A. An ionic bond is the attraction between two
oppositely charged ions.
Q. What is the overall charge on an ionic
compound?
A. Overall, an ionic compound is electrically neutral.
Oxidation Number•Number of electrons an atom gains, loses or shares when it forms a chemical bond
•Also called chargecharge
Example 3: Sodium + Oxygen Example 4: Sodium + Chlorine
Example 5: Calcium + Chlorine Example 6: Aluminum + Chlorine
Group Activity: Now It’s Your Turn!
polyatomic ionpolyatomic ion• carbonate ion: CO3
2-
• How many carbon atoms?• 1 carbon atom • How many oxygen atoms?• 3 oxygen atoms• What is the overall charge?• overall charge of 2-
Naming ionic compounds p.117Naming ionic compounds p.117• The name of the positive ion comes FIRST
• The name of the negative ion comes LAST
• The positive ion is usually the name of the metal.
• If the name of the negative ion is an element, the end of its name changes to -ide
•For example, MgO is…
•magnesium oxide•Look at page 115, Fig. 2 for names of ions•Complete the following in your notes, page 119 #4:
Crystal ShapeCrystal Shape
• Look at Fig. 4 on p.118
• What general characteristics of crystals can you observe in the photograph of halite?
Properties of ionic compoundsProperties of ionic compounds
pages 118-119
The characteristic properties of ionic compounds include:
• Crystal shape
• High melting points
• Electrical conductivity
High Melting Points•Why are ionic bonds so strong?•Answer: Every ion is attracted to ions near it that have an opposite charge.
*When exposed to high heat, the particles do break away from each other.
Ionic Bonding ActivityIonic Bonding Activity
http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups_interactive.html