ions + ionic bonding
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Ions + Ionic Bonding. C hapter 15. Bonds in Proportion. Valence electrons. Valence e - the number of e - in the highest energy level How do you determine valence e - ?. Quiz yourself. How many valence e - for Li, Na, K, Rb , Cs Al Si P S Cl. Octet Rule. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Ions + Ionic Bonding
Chapter 15
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Bonds in Proportion
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Valence electrons Valence e- the
number of e- in the highest energy level
How do you determine valence e-?
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Quiz yourself How many valence e-
for Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs
Al Si P S Cl
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Octet Rule Atoms want a complete (full) outer
energy level For most that means 8 electrons Exceptions to the rule?
H, He, Li, Be, B – they want 2 Elements will mimic the electron
configuration of a noble gas
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Ions An ion is an atom with a charge
Cation is a positive ion (loses e-) Anion is a negative ion (gains electrons)
The common charge of an atom is called its OXIDATION Number
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Oxidation Numbers What is the oxidation number of Na?
+1 What is the oxidation number of F
-1 What is the oxidation number for Mg
+2 What is the oxidation number for Te
-2
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Electrostatic Attraction A reactive element gains or loses e-
in the presence of another element that will do the opposite
(OPPOSITES ATTRACT)
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Ionic Bonds
How and why does sodium bond with chlorine?
1e-
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEUXVQ95Rvk&feature=related&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1
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Click for Fe + SClick for Na +
Clvideo
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More than just diatomicsCan you figure these out?
Mg + F Mg2+ + F- MgF2
Al + Cl Al+3 + Cl- AlCl3
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Swap and Drop Write the oxidation number
Swap the positive and negative ox # and make it the subscript of the other element
Ex: Mg2+ + Cl-1 → MgCl2
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Try theseK + O K2OAl + O Al2O3
Mg + N Mg3N2
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Polyatomic IonsYou should know these names of polyatomic
ions
NO3- nitrate
OH- hydroxideClO3
- chlorateSO4
2- sulfatePO4
3- phosphate
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Try TheseMg2+ + NO3
-
Mg(NO3)2
K+ + OH-
KOHCa2+ + PO4
3-
Ca3(PO4)2