ipand subnet
TRANSCRIPT
I – IPv4
Application
PresentationSession
Transport
Network
Data link
Physical
IP – Internet Protocol
OSI
- 32- bit and consists of 2 parts:
- Write it down: 4 blocks of 8 bits
IPv4
Network Host
8-bit 8-bit 8-bit 8-bit
192. 168. 1. 1.
1100000
10101000
0000001
00000001
Class A:
5 classes of IPv4
0xxxxxx
Host Host Host IP range: 0.0.0.0 – 127.255.255.255
Reserved: 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 (Private IP)
Localhost: 127.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255
Class B:
5 classes of IPv4
10xxxxx
Network Host Host
IP range: 128.0.0.0 - 191.255.255.255
Reserved: 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (Private IP)
Class C:
5 classes of IPv4
110xxxx
Network
Network Host
IP range: 192.0.0.0 - 223.255.255.255
Reserved: 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (Private IP)
Class D:
5 classes of IPv4
IP range: 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255
1110xxx
Network
Network Host
Class E:
5 classes of IPv4
IP range: 240.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6890
Write down start and end IP addresses which use to assign to PC for class A, B and C.
Challenge 1
- Class A: x.0.0.1 – x.255.255.254- Class B: x.x.0.1 – x.x.255.254- Class C: x.x.x.1 – x.x.x.254
Challenge 1 - Solution
Network address: when we set all bit of our host part to 0.-Class A: 0.0.0.0- Class B: 128.0.0.0- Class C: 192.0.0.0
Broadcast Address: when we set all bit of our host part to 1.- Class A: 126.255.255.255- Class B: 191.255.255.255- Class C: 223.255.255.255
Network/Broadcast Address
II - SUBNET
How to plan IP for this network???
Has 3 networks need 2 more bits for Network part
192.168.1.XXYYYYYY/26
IP Planning - Solution 1 VLMS: Variable Length Subnet Mask
XX Network address Broadcast Address
00 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.63
01 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.127
10 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.191
11 192.168.1.192 192.168.1.255
60 hosts need 6 bits at host part (2^6 = 64) 192.168.1.0/26 28 hosts need 5 bits at host part (2^5=32)192.168.1.0/27 2 router need 2 bits at host part (2^2 = 4)192.168.1.0/30
IP Planning - Solution 2VLMS: Variable Length Subnet Mask
Write down:• Network IP,• Start IP,• End IP,• Broadcast IP,for each network.
Challenge 2
For network: 192.168.1.0/26:Last block: 00XX XXXX• Network IP: 192.168.1.0• Start IP: 192.168.1.1• End IP: 192.168.1.62• Broadcast IP: 192.168.1.63
Challenge 2 Solution