i.prochazka, ctu prg dec 2010 ivan procházka, josef blažej, jan kodet presented at : elt meeting...
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![Page 1: I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010 Ivan Procházka, Josef Blažej, Jan Kodet presented at : ELT meeting CTU in Prague, December 8, 2010 Czech Technical University](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022051316/5697c0091a28abf838cc7118/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ivan Procházka, Josef Blažej, Jan Kodet
presented at :
ELT meeting CTU in Prague, December 8, 2010
Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Working group presentation
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Working group
Karel Hamal, professor, 1932 - 2007founder and head of the group 1964 – 2007
Ivan Prochazka, applied physicshead of the group since 2007
Bruno Sopko, solid state physics Josef Blazej, asistent
Bc, Ms and PhD studentsJan Kodet et al
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Czech Technical University in Prague – group activities
Satellite Laser Ranging
Picosecond Detector Technology
Solid state photon counting devices SPADs
Atmospheric / seeing studies
Picosecond event timer
Space related applications
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Satellite Laser Ranging Since 1972, world 3rd country
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Satellite Laser Ranging - background
operation principlepulsed optical radar
range precision1 .. 3 / mm / shot
operational range0 - 30 ooo km
25 technology installations on 5 continents
Graz, Austria
Provides the ultimate precision and accuracy ( ~ 3 mm) reference for most of space related measurements:
altimetry, ITRF, geophysics, etc… Mature, well understood and proved technology & procedures
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
World first Streak camera SLR ’80-’90 In house built Streak Camera
linear / cicrcular scan
Prague SLR Graz
Two wavelength ground target1.08 / 0.54 um, 420 fs RMS (!) published in SPIE 1988
Starlette in Graz, 5 mJ, 0.53 umfirst SLR on streak Jan.24 1991
published in SPIE 1991
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Multiple wavelength SLR ‘90Atmospheric refraction index model verification
Three wavelength 0.46 / 0.53 / 0.68 um
NdYAG SHG + Raman in H2 anti / Stokes
single photon echoes on SPAD
routinely in Graz, ‘90, up to Lageos
Eyesafe 1540 nm and green 532 nm
single photon echoes Si + Ge SPADs
SLR all satellites, NICT, Tokyo, Japan
Mariny Murray model verification
red
blue
green
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Portable Calibration Standard for SLR ‘90 To identify the SLR system mm biases
Ultra-stable Pico Event TimerSpace qalified modules by Thales-Dassault
Epoch and frequency reference
date analysis SW, set of meteo sensors, ...
Graz 1997, ‘98, ‘99
Tokyo 1997
Changchun 1997
WLRS Wett. 1997 / 99
TIGO Wettzell 1998
Zimmerwald 1998
Herstmonceux 1998
Potsdam 2001
Shanghai 2001,’04,’06
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
New timing principle, P. Panek
Two channel device
Jitter 800 fs / ch
Non-linearity < 200 fs
Stability < +/- 20 fs/hr
Power < 25 Watts
Sub- picosecond timing system
• Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 78, No1, 2007• U.S. Patent 7,057,978 B2, Jun. 2006.• IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas, , Vol. 57, No.11, Nov 2008• Review of Scientific Instruments, 2009
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Single Photon Detectors made by CTU
Si ,200 um,TE3 cooled, vacuum GaAs messa GaAsP, 350 um
Active quenching and gating circuit
Complete detector packages
130 mm
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Si SPADs for Space Applications
CTU Prague & IKI Moscow
MARS 92 (USSR / Russia, 1992-96) Photon counting laser rangefinderMars baloon altimetry
NASA Mars Polar Lander, (USA, 1998) Photon counting Lidar, Mars surface atmospheric studies
S.P.Pershin et all, IKI Russia
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Laser Time Transfer in Space
LTT – China since April 2007China Compass-M1 / Beidou
T2L2 CNES - France since June 2008 JASON-2
Time and frequency transferusing ps laser pulses in space
Relying on available technologyand ground segment Satellite Laser Ranging
Superb precision and accuracy
Navigation, deep-space, fundamental physics…
E.Samain
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Laser Time Transfer recent missions Beidou-2 IGSO, Aug 1,2010
inclinated 55o geostationary orbit LTT in common view possible
China, Korea, Japan, Australia (~ 1000 s) Dedicated SLR network (PR China) On-board data reduction Operational since August 2010
GLONASS upgrade, Laser time transfer under consideration ? principle ?
Dedicated SLR network prepared (global)single photon concept
Galileo and Laser Time Transfer ? Europe should not “miss the train” Please, consider
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Future space mission and dreams
Jupiter ESA NASA missions (EJSM), launch 2019
Laser time transfer, one way ranging
9 AU , ~ 10 E9 km distance
10 cm receiving optics sufficient (!)
First radiation tests NASA labs, July 2010
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Ivan Procházka, Josef Blažej, Jan Kodet
presented at :
ELT meeting CTU in Prague, December 8, 2010
Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Report on scientific progress in ELT projecton CTU in Prague
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Progress in ELT project Prague group ELT activities
Design steps, conclusions- electronics- optics- mechanical
Functional testing and test proceduresPrague labs, Graz SLR
Development of procedure for internal delay measuring
Calibration of receiver Attenuation / sensitivity
Radiation test report
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Electronic mechanical designdirect “follow – on” of the previous versions
CSRC Brno
All space qualified components
Except of ADCMP 553
fast comparator, see later
Input optics
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
ø d
60º
R
FA B1
B2
DLA
Optical design
Input optics Wavelength selection, attenuation , FoV
Flat diffuse, Cyllinder, Hemisphere, etc
Flat diffuse + shield
Simple optical design No technology problems Signal strength well within
1 order of mag. for 10-60 deg. No impact on timing properties “Macrolon” input window
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Detection parametersTemp. coefficient 1.76 ps/K
= > 11.4 ps / 6.5K(< 20 ps required)
Timing jitter
~ 20 ps at 1.7 V a.b.(< 25 ps required)
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Laser time transfer - timing stability TdevGraz SLR , 8 ps laser, NPET timing, fixed temperature
Tdev ~ 0.4 ps @ 300 sec
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
..” The absolute delays in the ELT Package ….calibrated to an accuracy of 48 ps with a goal of 23 ps “..
ELT photon detection delay tests
Detection delay : Photon = > Electrical pulse
ps pulseSPAD
detectionchip
Receiveroptics
SPADControl circuit
Ref.pointoptics
GeometryOpt.(~200ps)
Photon => e- (fs)Multiplication (~1ns)
GeometryElectr.(~100ps)
Electronics & Geometry(~ 1 ns)
Ref.pointelectronics
ELT detection package
PROBLEM Where & When is our photon see Heisenberg relations ….
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
ELT photon detection delay tests
PD
SPADchip
SPADControl circuit
D1
D2
T0 T0 + ΔT
D
D
Determined repeatedly, +/- 10 ps rms spreadConsistent +/- 36 ps values for different lasers
Laser # 1 532nm / 650 psLaser # 2 778 nm / 48 ps
ps pulse
ELT BB2
PD1phot
Multiphot
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
uLaser NdYAG & SHG 10 kHz, 10 mW, 532 nm= > 1 uJ /
pulse
Re-collimating optics, directing prism T ~ 1 / 4Spot size diam 25 mm, S ~ 5 cm2
Optical ND T ~ 1 / 256Angle ~0 deg, Att. (3 / 61)2 no shielding 1 photons
Resulting signal power density 2 * 10-13 J / m2
Specified signal power density 1 * 10-13 J / m2
For input shielding, 45 deg. the attenuation has to bechanged from (3 / 61)2 to (5 / 50)2 (aperture / length)
Specified signal power density 1*10-13 J/m2 will be obtained
Calibration of receiver attenuation
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
UJV Rez, Prague , October 2010 Gamma radiation source, dose / rate specified by ESA / Astrium
RESULT after > 3x maximum required dose ELT detector package operational, no detectable parameter change ADCMP (3x) operational, no detectable parameter change
Radiation testsEntire ELT receiver package, 3 x ADCMP comparator
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Completed tasks Design – electronics, optics and mechanics Functional tests – indoor, SLR Development of procedure for internal delay Calibration of receiver attenuation / sensitivity Radiation tests BB & ADCMP 553 comparator
All parameters specified by ESA have been met
Ground + Space segments delays calibration technique
Conclusion
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
ELT delays measurement ELT detector & MWL timing delays
MWL is tested/calibrated by TimeTech (LVDS)
ELT detector calibrated by CTU (+250mV)
WHY to calibrate ( MWL & ELT ) ??
Response of the MWL input circuitsto the ELT detector output
MWL effective input BW not deffined
Optical scheme analogical to the ELT calibrationsynchronous operation to a common “1 pps”
Resulting ELT+MWL delay calculated on the basis ofoscilloscope + MWL data
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
ELT delays measurement
Ground + Space segments SIMULTANEOUS REFERENCING Both GROUND & SPACE
“absolute delays” will disappear and will be replaced by a single calibration value / station.
The ELT delay will be calibrated individually for each participating SLR system
Calibration value computed from - epoch dif. (E2-E1)- geometry distance L
Calibration campaigns – will be organised by TUM and CTU
in cooperation with ILRS (Transponder Working Group)
presented at IWG#32 Paris April 2010
ELT
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I.Prochazka, CTU Prg Dec 2010
Laser Time Transfer new missions Beidou-2 IGSO, Aug 1,2010
inclinated 55o geostationary orbit LTT in common view possible
China, Korea, Japan, Australia (~ 1000 s) Dedicated SLR network (PR China) On-board data reduction Operational since August 2010
GLONASS upgrade, Laser time transfer under consideration ? principle ?
Dedicated SLR network prepared (global)single photon concept
Galileo and Laser Time Transfer ? Europe should not “miss the train” Please, consider