1Presentation_ID © 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

IPv6 in Mobile Wireless IPv6 in Mobile Wireless NetworkingNetworking

Dana Blair

dblair@cisco.com

2NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

IPv6 in Mobile Wireless IPv6 in Mobile Wireless NetworkingNetworking

• Dana Blair

dblair@cisco.com

• Contributors

Steve Deering, Mark Denny, Dennis Clare, Michael Ramalho, Greg Pelton, Ajay Mishra, Prasanna Satarasinghe, Kittur Nagesh, Jim Christy

3NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

AgendaAgenda

• Current Cellular IP Connectivity

• 2.5 and 3G Cellular IP

• IPv6 in 3G

• Backbone Services for 2.5/3G

4NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

AgendaAgenda

• Current Cellular IP Connectivity

5NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Mobile Wireless TechnologiesMobile Wireless Technologies

• Cellular

GSM, TDMA, CDMA, W-CDMA

• Wireless LAN - 802.11

• Personal Area Networks (PAN)

Bluetooth, 802.15

• Satellite

• Public cellular operators have earliest need for IPv6

6NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Circuit Switched CellularCircuit Switched Cellular

Selector Distribution Function(a.k.a., multidiversity function)

is in BSC

Radio Control Functionsare in BSC

MSC is a specialized Class 5 CO

This trunk is onlyused when calloriginates in BSCA,2

•3G architectures BACKHAUL IP the same way during a phone call!

BTS

BTSBSCA,2

PSTN

Mobile Switching Center(MSCA)

Base StationController (BSCA,1)2G

“Voice Anchor”changes to BSCB

BTS BSCB

MSCB

Wireless/Cellular/Mobile ChallengeWireless/Cellular/Mobile Challenge

7NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Packet Switch Networks - MigrationPacket Switch Networks - Migration

PSTNBTS

MSC

BSC2G

GPRS BackboneIP Network

IPSDB

Feature Servers

3GIP Radio Access Network (RAN)

MobilityMobilityManagementManagement

Call Agent

Radio Network

Controller

GGSN/PDSN

InternetGPRS/PDSN IP Network

Packet Gateway

Circuit/Signaling Gateway2.5G

Feature Servers

Wireless/Cellular/Mobile ChallengeWireless/Cellular/Mobile Challenge

8NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

AgendaAgenda

• 2.5G and 3G Cellular

9NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Cellular StandardsCellular Standards

• 3GPP2 - www.3gpp2.org

Uses Mobile IP

Based in US

Developed TDMA/CDMA/IS-41 standards

Next Generation is 3GPP2 using CDMA-2000 Radio technology

10NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Overview of Mobile IPv4Overview of Mobile IPv4rfc2002rfc2002

• 1. MN discovers Foreign Agent (FA)

• 2. MN obtains COA (FA - Care Of Address)

• 3. MN registers with FA which relays registration to HA

• 4. HA tunnels packets from CN to MN through FA

• 5. FA forwards packets from MN to CN or reverse tunnels through HA (rfc3024)

HA FA

1. and 2.1. and 2. 3.3.MN

CN

5.5. 4.4.

Internet

11NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Cellular StandardsCellular Standards

• 3GPP - www.3gpp.org

3GPP defined GTP IP tunneling protocol for mobility.

Based in Europe

Developed GSM/GPRS standard

70% of mobile phones use GSM

Next Generation is UMTS using Wideband CDMA

12NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

GPRS/UMTS Packet ServicesGPRS/UMTS Packet Services

MS SGSNInternet

Radius DHCP DNS

Edge Router(s)

Local IPNetwork

GNATM RAN

Local Part of End-to-EndNetwork(s)Gi, v4/v6

Inter-PLMNNetwork

Gp

GGSN

13NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

AgendaAgenda

• IPv6 in 3G Cellular

14NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Rationale Behind IPv6Rationale Behind IPv6

• IETF IPv6 (was NG) WG began in early 90 to handle addressing growth issues

• IP everywhere—data, voice, audio, video integration

Looking at few numbers...

~300 million mobile phone users in 1998, 1 billion by 2005

1 billion cars in 2010 with GPS and Yellow Page services

Worldwide deployment of Internet appliances

• Emerging populations/geopolitical

China, India, Japan, Russia,…

Internet in every school,…

15NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

3G Cellular requires IPV63G Cellular requires IPV6

- Next Generation GSM standards require IPv6 for Packet Services including VoIP.

- Next Generation Mobile Devices shall exclusively support IPv6 for the connection to packet services including VoIP.

www.3gpp.org - 3G TR 23.821

16NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Packet/VoIP 3GPP Architectural Packet/VoIP 3GPP Architectural DetailsDetails

Services v4/v6

MSv4/v6

SGSNv4/v6

IPv4Network

IPv6Networ

k

Radius DHCP DNS

Edge Router(s)v4/v6

CCSCSun Netra(OptiCall)

MRF/MP

UnifiedMessaging

(Uone)

MGWPSTN-GW(AS5850)

SGWSS7 GW

FeatureServers

SS7

PSTN

AnnouncementServer

(AS5400)

SS7

Local IPNetwork

Gn, v4/v6IP RAN

Local Part of End-to-EndNetwork(s)Gi, v4/v6

Inter-PLMNNetwork

Gp, v4/v6

IM Subsystem

GGSNv4/v6

Blue - v4/v6

Red - v4

Green -v6

17NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Overview of Mobile IPv6Overview of Mobile IPv6draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-13.txtdraft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-13.txt

• 1. MN obtains IP address using stateless or stateful autoconfiguration

• 2. MN registers with HA

• 3. HA tunnels packets from CN to MN

• 4. MN sends packets directly to CN or via tunnel to HABinding Update from MN to CN removes HA from path.

HA

1. 1. 2.2.MN

CN

4.4. 3.3.

Internet

18NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

AgendaAgenda

• Backbone Services 2.5/3G

19NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

BackBone ServicesBackBone Services

• IPv4 transport

• IPv6 transported in IPv4 or MPLS

• NAT-PT for IPv6 <-> IPv4

• Home Agent Services

• Virtual Private Networking

20NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

BackBone ServicesBackBone Services

• QoS Services

DiffServ, Traffic Engineering, …

draft-ietf-mpls-diff-ext-07.txt

draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-07.txt

21NANOG 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.

QUESTIONSQUESTIONS

• ???????