irap, rsa and metra: the malaysian way to ensure safer road infrastructure prof. dr. ahmad farhan...
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IRAP, RSA and METRA:IRAP, RSA and METRA:The Malaysian way to The Malaysian way to
Ensure Safer Road Ensure Safer Road InfrastructureInfrastructure
Prof. Dr. Ahmad Farhan Mohd SadullahMalaysian Institute of Road Safety
Research (MIROS)Malaysia
CONTENTSCONTENTSEnsuring safer road infrastructureThe dimensions
Preventive vs curePlanned vs adhoc vs ignore/neglect
Pre-requisite – design and constructionRoad Safety Audit (RSA)
Operation and sustainabilityRoad Assessment Programme (IRAP)Auditing operating facilities (METRA)
ROAD INFRASTRUCTUE ROAD INFRASTRUCTUE RELATED RISKSRELATED RISKS
Poor road side protectionBarrier issues
Poor road designCurveElevationRoad cross section
Poor access managementWork/construction zone safetyPoor pavement managementPoor traffic managementPoor road hierarchy discipline/land use issues
Ending Point of the Ending Point of the Damage BridgeDamage Bridge
Damage of the Bridge Damage of the Bridge Barrier (during the crash)Barrier (during the crash)
Source: China Press
1st row of bridge barrier
2nd row of bridge barrier
• 1st and 2nd row of bridge barrier penetrate into the bus
Overall CrashOverall Crash DynamicsDynamics
Bus entry – Principle direction of force: 12 Bus entry – Principle direction of force: 12 o’clocko’clock
The bus tried to correct the maneuverThe bus tried to correct the maneuver
1st Impact with Barrier
The Rail Intruded
Rail Intruded Diagonally
Rail Swipes the Lower Occupants
1
2
3
4
The right tires on top of the median The right tires on top of the median curb after the 2curb after the 2ndnd impact impact
The rest position of the busThe rest position of the bus
Hit the Median Come to a Rest
5
6
7
8
The Rail Bended Skim the Median
Bus NearsideBus Nearside From the RearFrom the Rear
Internal ViewInternal View Bus OffsideBus Offside
Guardrail FailureGuardrail Failure
POOR DESIGNPOOR DESIGN
WHAT IS WRONG WITH THIS DESIGN
ANIMATION
HOW DO WE PREVENT HOW DO WE PREVENT THESE?THESE?
PREVENTION VS CUREPREVENTION VS CUREPlanned vs Adhoc vs IgnoreThe best way
In designRoad safety must be a design requirementRoad safety must not be an after thoughtRoad safety must not be compromised when price-ceiling
bursts
MaintenanceInspectionAssessment
TOOLS FOR SAFETYTOOLS FOR SAFETYInternationally-knownInternational Road Assessment Programme (IRAP)Road Safety Audit
Malaysian way to complement and to close existing gaps
METRA – Malaysian Guidebook for Traffic and Road Safety Audit (for operational roads)
IRAP (INTERNATIONAL ROAD IRAP (INTERNATIONAL ROAD ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME)ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME)
iRAP Project AimsiRAP Project Aims Drive safety upgrading where large numbers are killed
and seriously injured
Global methodology to generate effective and economic countermeasure programmes
Implement performance tracking methodologies for funding bodies to assess outcomes
Provide the training, manuals and web tools to build and sustain national capability
iRAP BackgroundiRAP BackgroundDeveloped countries program – AusRAP, EuroRAP,
USRap, KiwiRAP
Partnership of auto clubs, government, development banks, research institutes
Over 40 countries worldwide
Non-profit organisation with core funding from the FIA Foundation
www.iRAP.net
IRAP PROCESSIRAP PROCESS
Malaysia – 2008 Pilot Study OutlineMalaysia – 2008 Pilot Study Outline
3,700 km of peninsula Malaysia
surveyed
Expressways (E1, E2, E8)
Federal Roads (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F7, F8, F67 and F76)
BEYOND THE PILOT:BEYOND THE PILOT:Plans for Road Improvement Plans for Road Improvement A 10-year ProgramA 10-year Program
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Malaysian Guidebook for Malaysian Guidebook for Traffic and Road Safety AuditTraffic and Road Safety Audit
Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS)Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS)
“Road Safety Audit: Guidelines for the Safety Audit of Roads and Road Project in Malaysia”Published by JKR in 1997, 2nd Edition in
2002A formal process done at various stages (5
stages) in the development of a projectAuditors must be properly qualified Independent team of auditorsConsideration of all road user groups
Road Safety Audit: Guidelines for the Safety Audit of Roads and Road Project in Malaysia, 2002
RSA: Current Practice in MalaysiaRSA: Current Practice in Malaysia
Cycle of Road Safety AuditCycle of Road Safety Audit
The Gap The Gap
Only carried out by experienced and certified auditors (inadequate numbers)
Subjective guidelineUnspecified task or methodGuidelines are for more experienced road
engineersLack fundamental terminologiesGuidelines do not provide guide for report writing
For ExampleFor Example
Check that:…That traffic signals are provided only where warranted for
safe, efficient and equitable management of traffic flow along and across arterial roads and for the safe crossing of pedestrians.
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?
??
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Introducing!Introducing!
Where MeTRA fitsWhere MeTRA fits
can be applied
MeTRA ComponentMeTRA Component
How MeTRA can Contribute to How MeTRA can Contribute to Road Safety?Road Safety?
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What is MeTRA?
This guidebook comprises of a road safety audit procedures specifically on operational roads which are guided through specific task.
Who is MeTRA for?
Any parties with interest in road infrastructure improvements, e.g. researcher, engineers, auditors, local authorities, or students.
Where to use MeTRA?
This guidebook is applicable to all road types regardless of condition and usage.
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How to use MeTRA? Issue : Sets of questions that address various road safety issues. Specification and Standard : Explains or identify the relevant road safety standard and
guidelines which was based on relevant references and research local and international. Task : Identify the specific instruction and assignment to be carried out in order to
answer the question pertaining to road safety issues. On Site Data / Condition : Allows users to input the existing data or measurement responding to the task. Comments : Additional inputs or data that could help or assist in answering the question.
How to Use - ExampleHow to Use - Example1 Measure distance
2 Determine distance required from Specification & Standard
1
How to Use - ExampleHow to Use - Example0.8
1.0
Success StoriesSuccess Stories
Intersection & Alignment Improvement
Before After
Improved Line of Sight
Before After
Sight Distance & Delineation Improvement
Visual Aid ImprovementVisual Aid Improvement
Before After
• Kerbs were installed to properly segregate pedestrian from motorized traffic
• Improvement of road markings
The Way Forward…Supporting the Pillars of Decade of Action
Vision & TargetVision & Target
UserUserVehicleVehicleRoadRoad
in
on
………
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSThe Safety of mobility and road infra-structure holds
a critical role to help address the road safety problems especially in the low and middle-income countries
Preventive measures are criticalBoth at design stage as well as during operationIRAP, Road Safety Audit and METRA are useful tools
BUT ABOVE ALLThe “WILL” must be there.
THANK YOUTHANK [email protected]