irec presentation part 01
TRANSCRIPT
Smart grids: integration of renewable energy sources and electric mobility into power system
Granada, April 28th 2016www.irec.cat
Manel SanmartíElectrical Engineering Research Group
2
1. Introduction
2. Smart grid context
3. Smart grids: integration of renewable energy sources into the power
system
i. Advanced energy management tools for power systems
ii. Cost benefit analysis of Smart Grid Projects
iii. Life Cycle Assessment of Smart Grid Projects
CONTENTS
3
1. Introduction
2. Smart grid context
3. Smart grids: integration of renewable energy sources into the power
system
i. Advanced energy management tools for power systems
ii. Cost benefit analysis of Smart Grid Projects
iii. Life Cycle Assessment of Smart Grid Projects
CONTENTS
4
INTRODUCTION
The Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC (Institut de Recerca en Energia de Catalunya), was funded in July 2008, and began its R+D activities in January 2009.
After finishing the organization of the laboratories and infrastructures in 2011-2012, in 2013 the Catalan Institute for Energy Research has achieved consolidation in both European projects and industrial. After five years, it has built a stable team of valuable individuals who are committed to the scientific and technological growth of the centre, resulting in cutting edge research and a constantly increasing flow of income.
IREC is a member of the CERCA Institution, the catalan institution created by the Catalan Government to supervise, support and facilitate research to the Catalan research centers.
IREC is one of the 47 research centers of Catalonia, specifically focused on energy research of Catalonia.
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IREC - PRINCIPLES
MissionTo contribute to the sustainable development and enhance corporate competitiveness via:
• Medium and long-term research,• Scientific development and technological know-how in the
field of energy, and• Innovation and development of new products
VisionTo become a center of excellence and an international benchmark organization through Research, Technology Development and Innovation (R+TD+i), working in coordination with the Industry, the Universities and the Administration.
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IREC - ORIENTATION
The Institute works with a dual approach:
• Long-term research, aimed at generating knowledge within groups and research areas of the Institute, with a mid or long-term commercial projection in mind.
• Technology development, focused on collaboration with the Industry to create new products and new technical solutions, at short and mid-term.
The Institute’s position is defined by the balance between these two approaches.
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GOVERNING BODY
GOVERNMENT OF CATALONIA
Min. Enterprise and Labour (President)Min. Economy and Knowledge (VPresident)
GOVERNMENT OF SPAIN
CIEMAT (Min. Economy and Competitiveness)IDAE (Min. Industry, Energy and Tourism)
UNIVERSITIESBarcelona TECH (UPC)Barcelona (UB)Rovira i Virgili (URV) in Tarragona
COMPANIES
ENDESAGAS NATURAL FENOSAFundación REPSOLCLHENAGÁSALSTOM Wind
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SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD
The Scientific Advisory Council, appointed by the Governing Body, acts as advisory body of the Institute insofar as the definition of the scientific strategy, and the periodic evaluation of their researchers and results.
The Scientific Advisory Council is composed by :
• Prof. Dr. Esteban Chornet. PresidentEmeritus professor of the Sherbrooke University, Quebec, Canada.
• Prof. Dr. John A. Kilner. Imperial College of London, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Materials, UK.
• Prof. Dr. Johan Driesen. Associate professor of K.U. Leuven, Belgium.
• Prof. Dr. Matthias M. Schuler. Adjunct professor of Environmental Technologies, School of Design, Harvard University, MA, USA.
• Dipl.-Ing. Jürgen Kröning.Managing Director de “EWE Offshore Service & Solutions GmbH”, DE.
• Prof. Dr. Konstantinos Papamichael. Co-Director. California Lighting Technology Center, University of California, Davis, USA.
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGICAL AREAS
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• Advanced Materials• Functional Nanomaterials • Catalysis• Materials for Solar Systems• Nanoionics and Fuel Cells• Energy Storage and Harvesting
• Bioenergy and Biofuels• Thermochemical Conversion• Biorefinery and Microalgae
Research Units
• Energy Efficiency: Systems, Buildings and Communities• NZEB (Net Zero Energy Buildings and
Communities)• Integration of Renewables. • Smart Grids and Microgrids• Green IT• Electric Mobility• Lighting• Economic analysis and regulation
• Offshore Wind Energy• Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity• Electric Machines and Control Systems• Grid Integration
Technological Development Units
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LOCATION
The IREC has two headquarters: Barcelona and Tarragona.
The center in Barcelona deals with:•Thermal Energy. Lighting•Electrical Engineering. Offshore Wind Energy•Advanced Materials for Energy
The center in Tarragona deals with:•Bioenergy•Laboratory for Thermal Energy and Energy Integration
Most relevant aspects
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• We are working on 69 projects with a portfolio of 8,35 M€ at the beginning of 2013
• Only 24% of the annual budget comes from the board of trustees contribution
• 35% of our annual income comes from industrial projects, and the rest (41%) from competitive research projects (mainly European)
• We lead in Europe the research on thin-film photovoltaic materials based on Chalcopyrite CuInGa(S,Se)2 (CIGS) and Kesterites Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTS).
• Leading several FP7 and H2020 research projects on Green IT, Smart Grids, Intelligent Lighting, PV
• IREC has already created 2 spin-off: Ledmotive and Eolos
• Funding member and partner of KIC Innoenergy and Catalonia Energy Efficiency Cluster (CEEC). Member of the European Energy Research Alliance (EERA).
• Presently leading the proposal for a RIS3 CAT Energy Community in Catalonia with more than 115 entities and about 15 MiEuro budget to improve competitiveness of energy industry in Catalonia
• We organize annually the Conference “Barcelona Global Energy Challenges”, in collaboration with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT.
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“KIC InnoEnergy”, the European Network for Innovation in Energy
The European Institute of Technology & Innovation EIT selected the consortium KIC InnoEnergy made up by 29 companies, universities and research centers across Europe, to boost and promote research, education and innovation in the energy sector.
The main objective is to try to get basic research reach the market more quickly and efficiently so that European companies are able to globally compete in better conditions with the United States and Japan.
KIC InnoEnergy SE is a public limited European company.
The IREC leads and defines the strategy on Renewables, and participates in the projects boosted in the period 2010-2016.
IREC is stakeholder of KIC InnoEnergy S.E.
http://www.kic-innoenergy.com/about/about-kic-innoenergy/
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700 M€ 2011-2015
KIC INNOENERGY, S.E.
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We at the IREC know we are part of a project for the future oriented towards generating scientific knowledge and participating in the technological development of the energy sector in an environment of excellence. We are already a 115 people team from which 37 are PhD.
TEAM
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Energy Efficiency: Systems, buildings and communities (ECOS)
The Energy Efficiency: Systems, Buildings and Communities (ECOS) research group is made up of a team of 36 engineers and scientists, from which 12 are post doc researchers.ECOS scientific activity focuses on Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, specifically on Distributed Energy Resources and Smart Cities.
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Energy Efficiency: Systems, buildings and communities (ECOS)
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Energy Efficiency: Systems, buildings and communities
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH LINESRE
NEW
ABLE
EN
ERGY
• Drive train• HVAC ,HVDC and FACTS• Topologies• Grid connection and grid
support• Management and
control of wind farms and PV power plants
• Modelling and simulation
• Energy storage• Power converter control
and design
SMAR
T GR
IDs
• Control and monitoring• Devices• Grid and demand
management• Design of microgrids• Integration of renewable
and other DERs• Optimization of the grid• Energy efficiency• Storage: flywheel and
supercapacitors• Smart loads• Cibersecurity and resilience
of smart grids ELEC
TRIC
MO
BILI
TY
• Slow charge• Fast charge• Standardization• V2G• Power electronics• Life cycle assessment• Communication with the
grid• Business model• Market regulation• Vehicle modelling• Demand management• EV batteries
Control, Automation and CommunicationsEnergy Economics and Regulation
Power System EngineeringElectrical Machines & Power Electronics
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Electric networks and SmartGrids
Mesurement, monitoring and
communications
Control and management techniques
Renewable integration and proteccions
Smart grids and Microgrid Tecnologies at IREC
- Island mode (Static Switch)
- PMU programming, location and remote control,
- AMI / AMR- IEC61850 and
industrial communications
- Communication systems for the Smart Grids.
- Power Converters- Scada - Wave quality test- Validation “Ride-
Through”
- Microgrid Control- Control V/f, P/Q - Loop Control - Island Mode Control - Active demand
management- Microgeneration
modeling- Power equipment and
systems modeling- Optimization Algorithms - Grid regulation systems- Multi-agent systems- Grid stability
- Storage systems (fly-wheel, Io-Liti, super-capacitors)
- Electro-mobility- Affect of EV penetration
in the power grid- Storage optimization
placement algorithms - Efficient CHP systems- Regulatory framework
for the renewable integration
- Business case creation- Protection Systems
-Q4
MICROGRID 3 DITRIB.PM 710
400/400V
MICROGRID 2 DITRIB.
MICROGRID 1 DITRIB.
-Q10
-Q9
-Q7
-Q13
-Q8-Q11
-Q12
CVM K2
-Q15
-Q17-Q20
-Q16
-Q18
-Q22
-Q21
-Q1
-P1
PM
710
-P4
Fast disturbance emulator (50 kVA)
Power grid emulator (200 kVA)
Variable inductance
-P10
Static switch
BY
PA
SS
-2
BY
PA
SS
-3
-Q14
BY
PA
SS
-1
MIC
RO
GR
ID
MICROGRD2
MICROGRD3
MICROGRD1
Research lines about MICROGRIDS
• Protection: Isolating faulty systems without stopping energizing the grid.
• Communications: Slow latencies and allowing com’s among islands.
• Quality: Test microgrids devices in front of power quality issues, and ensurance of power quality deliver by regulation
• Wide area measurements: applied to multiple microgrids in regional power grids
• Protection of microgrids: early detection of power grid faults, allowing future isolation of microgrids
• Control of multiple microgrids: integration of measurements and microgrid central controllers
• Cibersecurity and Resilience: design of smart grids including cibersecurity and resilience functionalities
SEILAB (TGN)
IREC µGrid (BCN)
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IREC Energy Smart Lab ServicesDevelopment, demonstration and testing of prototypes, control and management methods in electrical applications:
- Connection and grid support of generation/
storage/ load units.- Immunity to grid
disturbances.- Emissions of current harmonics and flicker.
- Endurance and performance tests
(batteries, motors…).
Pre-certification
Grid code validation
Proof of concept
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Microgrid
Emulation power source
Microgrid
Renewable power source
DC
400V AC 400V AC
400V AC
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
115
230
345
460
575
690
710
5812
0913
6015
1116
6218
1319
6421
1522
6624
1725
6827
1928
7030
2131
7233
2334
7436
2537
7639
2740
7842
2943
8045
3146
8248
3349
8451
3552
86
Solar irradiation
Data table
Measurements
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
115
230
345
460
575
690
710
5812
0913
6015
1116
6218
1319
6421
1522
6624
1725
6827
1928
7030
2131
7233
2334
7436
2537
7639
2740
7842
2943
8045
3146
8248
3349
8451
3552
86
Generated power
Power to the microgrid
EMULATION CONCEPT
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IREC Energy Smart Lab
Renewable Energy Sources (RES)• Wind power test
benches• RES emulators
Microgrids (MGs) and Smart Grids (SGs)• Management algorithms• Services from MGs to
SGs• Grid emulator
Energy Storage Systems• Battery system• Supercapacitors• Flywheel• Storage emulators
Electric Vehicle (EV) chargers and other Loads• EV batteries• EV charger emulator• Load emulators
Power converters: AC/DC – DC/AC, control of active and reactive power, control of voltage, speed drives
Rotating machines: squirrel cage, doubly-fed induction, permanent magnet
Control, automation and communications: control boards with digital signal processors, industrial PCs, communication protocols (CAN, ModBus, Ethernet, EtherCAT)
Software platforms: Microgrid Energy Management System, Power Hardware In the Loop platform
http://vimeo.com/user34260577/energysmartlab
Our Microgrid
DCAC
ACDC
DCAC
ACDC
DCAC
ACDC
- +
ACDC
ACDC
Grid emulator(200kVA)
LV Grid
By pass
Emulation cabinets
Point of common coupling.Grid and disturbances emulators
Grid busbar
V2G10kW
Bidirectionalcharging
point
Real elements EV charging spots
Microgrid busbar
mG-3
mG-2
EV AC fast
charge
22kW
EV batterySecond life
storage system
DCAC
- +
630A
DCAC
ACDC
mG-1
Wind power I
Wind power II
630A 630A 630A
5kW5kW5kW5kW5kW5kW
50kW630A
400A
630A 400V / 50Hz
Reserve
630A400A
V2G
DCAC
ACDC
5kW
2nd life battery
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200 KVA GRID Emulator Frequency control, amplitude, harmonics, unbalances, voltage dropps, flickerAC/DC operationIslanded/Grid connected
5 kVA Storage /Generation/ Load - Emulator
Ultracaps 5 kVA & 55 Wh @ 400V
Io-Li Batery 5 kW & 20 kWh
http://vimeo.com/user34260577/energysmartlab
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DEVICES and DER
CONTROL & MANAGEMENT
METERING & COMMUNICATIONS
KIC – Active Sub-stations
SMART GRIDS Projects at IREC
KIC – Instinct, SGCommunications
KIC – Smart Power Systems
DER IREC 22@ Microgrids
VERDE – EV integration PREEMPTIVECibersecurity in
Smart gridsIDEAL – renewable
integration
Charge&Ride Bi-directional Power
Converter
SmartGrid ZFB Industrial Area
GrowSmarter Smart City
INCITE – renewable, flexible build., DERs
ePEMS – renewable & EV integration, EMS
HELIS – Energy Storage Systems
V2G – design & services
Sunbatt – 2nd life batteries
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• Green eMotion• FP7 Programme
• REVE • Spanish Government
• IVECAT• Catalan Government
• FASTPLAN/CAT• Optimal location of fast
charging stations in BCN and Catalunya
Power system
• VERDE• CENIT Programme
• V2M (Vehicle 2 Microgrid)• ENDESA
• SURTIDOR• AVANZA 2 Programme
• UltraFast Charging eBUS
• COFAST (KIC Innoenergy)
• V2G Charger/servicesCharging facilities
• Retrofit HYBRID – TMB• NUCLIS Programme
• Life cycle analysis• Internal Project
• SAPIENS/SAFARI• FP7
• HELIS• H2020
• Sunbatt• Nuclis, Endesa/Seat
Electric vehicles
Electromobility projectsAs one of the most promising alternatives for increasing transport energy efficiency and reducing its environmental impact, electromobility has become one of the main strategic research activities within IREC with several projects along the entire value chain.
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1. Introduction
2. Smart grid context
3. Smart grids: integration of renewable energy sources into the power
system
i. Advanced energy management tools for power systems
ii. Cost benefit analysis of Smart Grid Projects
iii. Life Cycle Assessment of Smart Grid Projects
CONTENTS
EU energy goals
Security of Supply
Competitiveness
Sustainability
Energy policy has been a cornerstone of European integration since its very beginning through the European Coal and Steel Community. In its daily activities, the EU contributes to delivering competitive, secure and sustainable energy for Europe. For detailed information, see: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/strategies/2010/2020_en.htm
Meeting our “20-20-20 by 2020” goals
Reduce greenhousegas levels by 20%
Increase share of renewables to 20%
100%
Reduce energyconsumption by
20%-10%Current
trend to 2020
-20%
20%
Current trend
to 2020
Current trend
to 2020
The EU is not on track to meet its target
In spite of progress, significant additional efforts are needed to achieve the - 20% energy consumption target. Most recent projections show that with current policies we will only achieve a 10% cut.
Source: European Commission
* Gross inland consumption minus non-energy uses
- 20% by 2020 objective- 368 Mtoe
Most recent projection- 166 Mtoe
Business as usual 2007 projection
Prim
ary
ener
gy c
onsu
mpt
ion*
, Mto
e
1400
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
1700
1750
1800
1850
1900
2005 2010 2015 2020
1676 Mtoe
1842 Mtoe
1474 Mtoe
Projections from 2007Projections from 200920% energy saving objective
Target value: 368,0
National intentions will not be sufficient
Source: European Commission
As part of the Europe 2020 strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, Member States are committed to setting national targets for energy efficiency. First indications show that the degree of precision and levels of ambition are insufficient.
Estimated absolute contribution to EU target by targets defined by 20 Member States so far
Mto
e
0,0
50,0
100,0
150,0
200,0
250,0
300,0
350,0
400,0
Slovak RepublicSwedenRomaniaPolandMaltaLatviaLithuaniaItalyIrelandHungary
FranceFinlandSpainGreeceEstoniaDenmarkGermanyCyprusBulgariaAustria
Energy savings potential can be tapped
Source: European Commission
Transport and households, in particular buildings, are two sectors with great potential for energy efficiency gains. Measures to save energy in transport and accelerate the renovation rate of buildings are crucial.
Final energy in 2020 (in Mtoe)
17%
24%
21%13%
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Industry Transport Households Tertiary
Savings potential
Energy consumption
What improving energy efficiency means for a single family house built in the 70s (150 m²)
Annual CO2 emissionsin tonnes
Consumption of heating oil per year
Renovation to low energy house
standard
÷ 2,5 ÷ 2
No renovation
Renovation to new build standard
4500 litre 1800 litre 900 litre
What the EU renewable target means Share of renewable energy in total energy mix (in %)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Bel
gium
Bul
garia
Cze
ch R
epub
lic
Den
mar
k
Ger
man
y
Est
onia
Irela
nd
Gre
ece
Spa
in
Fran
ce
Italy
Cyp
rus
Latv
ia
Lith
uani
a
Luxe
mbo
urg
Hun
gary
Mal
ta
Net
herla
nds
Aus
tria
Pol
and
Por
tuga
l
Rom
ania
Slo
veni
a
Slo
vaki
a
Finl
and
Sw
eden
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
EU
27
60%
EU 2020
EU 2005
2005 levelsAdditional step to meet the 2020 target
Each Member State has a binding target - set as a combination of renewable potential and GDP - to increase its share of renewable energy by 2020.
European Union 20-20-20 targets by 2020
The climate and energy package is a set of binding legislation which aims to ensure the European Union meets its ambitious climate and energy targets for 2020.
Challenges around renewable energy integration into the power system
Daily electricity demand profile
24 hours
MW Rest of renewable
resources and convenctional power plants
Necessary for maintaining
the control of the system
During off-peak periods the risk of wind energy
disconnection is hight
Rest of generation
Wind Energy
Minimum technical requirement
Challenges around renewable energy integration into the power system
Amount of disconnected
wind generation:~ 2.000 MW
Offer bidsPurchase bids
Nuclear Power Plants
Wind Power Plants
Rest of conventional
generation
Market Price
Amount of disconnected
wind generation
Challenges around renewable energy integration into the power system
NUCLEAR SHUT DOWN WIND ENERGY SOLAR ENERGY
Challenges around renewable energy integration into the power system
