irini angelidaki, kanokwan boe and lars ellegaard

Environment & ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark

Irini Angelidaki, Kanokwan Irini Angelidaki, Kanokwan Boe and Lars EllegaardBoe and Lars Ellegaard


Presentation contentPresentation content

• Biogas in Denmark: A typical Centralized Biogas Plant

• Main Results of the investigation

• Conclusions


Location of Centralized biogas plants in DenmarkLocation of Centralized biogas plants in Denmark


Typical centralized biogas plantTypical centralized biogas plant

Ribe biogas plantRibe biogas plant


Full-scale investigationFull-scale investigation

Process stability

Process efficiency

Microbiology


Potential methods to improve recovery Potential methods to improve recovery efficiency from manureefficiency from manure

- Increase stabilily of the digestion process

- Pre-treatment of incoming substrate (to increase degradability)

- Increase retention time of the manure reactor(s)

- Arrange post-digestion systems (to increase degradation efficiency)


Stability in Danish Biogas PlantsStability in Danish Biogas Plants

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Apr-02 Jun-02 Aug-02 Oct-02 Dec-02 Jan-03 Apr-03 Jun-03 Aug-03 Oct-03

Date

Tot

al V

FA

(g/

L)

BlaabjergBlaahoejFangelFarsøFilskovGrindstedHashøjLemvigLintrupNystedRevningeSinding-OerreSnertingeStudsgaardThorsø IVaarst-Fjellerad IVegger IÅrhus I


Correlation between ammonia and VFA.Correlation between ammonia and VFA.

01

234

56

78

0 2 4 6 8Ammonium, g/L

VF

A,

g/L


Residual methane productionResidual methane production

55oC 25oC 20oC 15oC

55oC

55oC25oC20oC15oC



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Time (days)

ml-C

H4/

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ampl

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25 oC

20 oC

15 oC



Sluttab - metan

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Sindin

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r Hj. F

eb-0

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Århus

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Blåbje

rg ju

n-03

Snerti

nge

feb-0

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Nyste

d m

ar-0

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Hashø

j jul.0

3

Lem

vig m

ar-0

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Revnin

ge m

ar-0

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Lint

rup

aug-

03

Vaars

t Fj. M

ar-04

Thors

ø feb-

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Blåhø

j mar-0

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Vegge

r feb

-04

Fange

l feb

-04

Studs

gård

feb-o

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Århus

t m

ar-0

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Filsko

v okt

-03

Met

an (

m3/

m3-

biom

asse

)

tab


Tab i forhold til praktisk opnåelig produktion

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%

Termofil

MesofilTerm+mes

Restgastab i forhold til total Restgastab i forhold til total produktionproduktion

>15% 10-15% < 10%


Temperature and residual methaneTemperature and residual methane

Tab i forhold til praktisk opnåelig produktion

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Blåbje

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Lem

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-04

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ge m

ar-0

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%

TermofilMesofil


Distribution of the total methane Distribution of the total methane potentialpotential

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m3

-CH

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io

Vegger

Hashøj

Vaarst

Fj.

Vester H

j.

Stutg

ard

Nyste

d

Revning

e

Blåhøj

Snertin

ge

Filsko

v

Blabjer

g

Fangel

Lintrup-a

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Lintrup-a

ug-03

Lintrup-ja

n-03

Ribe

Thorsø

OPTI MAL TOTAL CH4 PRODUCTI ON

Reactor production (on the bottom) After-Storage production (in the middle) Lost production (on the top)


Main reactor residual methane loss Main reactor residual methane loss versus retention time versus retention time

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Mesophilic plants Thermophilic plant


Temperature effect on residual biogas Temperature effect on residual biogas potentialpotential

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Post digestion temperature (oC)

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Thermophilic Model curve ThermophilicMesophilic Model curve Mesophilic


INCREASING TEMPERATURE

Samples previously incubated at 10 -15C for a long period have been moved to process temperature (37-54C):

Studsgård (R)

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Time (d)

m3 C

H4/m

3 B

ioSpec. Prod. at 54 C Spec. Prod at 15 C

Spec. Prod from 15 C to 37 C spec. Perod from 15C to 54C

Revninge

0123456789

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Time (d)

m3-

CH4/

m3-

Bio

Spec. Prod. At 10 C Spec. Prod at 37 C Spec. Prod from 10 cto 37 C


INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONSINNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

SITUATION:•The majority of the biogas plants have Reactors with good efficiency;

•Many plants are loosing a lot and the gap between the theoretical and the practical potential is still wide;

MAIN OBSTACLE: hydrolysis is the real rate limiting step for the further methanogenesis increase HRT to provide a better substrate hydrolysis

SOLUTIONS: TRADITIONAL

SOLUTIONS

INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

New process configurataion: Utilization of the After-Storage.

Increase the HRT in main reactor


ConclusionsConclusions

• Significant amounts of CH4 are lost (5-30%)

• Plants with HRT< 15 days are lossing more CH4 from the main reactor

• Post-digestion is highly influenced by the temperature

• Post-digestion at low temperature are increasing the total methane potential of the material

• Manure-plants are dominated by Methanosarcina, while sludge plants by Methanosaeta.


Acknowledgements The study was funded by the Danish Energy Agency,“Development of Renewable

Energy”

The operational staff of the Biogas Plants participating in the investigation is greatly acknowledged

Researchers: Kanokwan Boe Lars Ellegaard Dimitar Karakshlev Damien Batstone Irini Angelidaki

Students: Simone Labo Lucía Fernández García Eva Arler He Zhen Chao Pan Troels Hilstrøm Søren H. Laursen

Technicians: Hector Garcia Majbrit Staun Jensen

irini angelidaki, kanokwan boe and lars ellegaard

Documents

o c slide

denmark slide

residual methane slide

main reactor slide

total methane potential

degradation efficiency

lars ellegaard slide

retention time slide