Meteorologocal and Geophysical AgencyJl. Angkasa I.No.2, Kemayoran Jakarta, Indonesia

www.bmg.go.id

BMG

IRIS WORKSHOP, Out of Africa

Adapting the Africa Array Model – Building Capacity Around the WorldBoston,18-19 February 2008

Fauzi@bmg.go.id

TOPICS

• Tsunami Monitoring System in IndianOcean and in South east Asia

• Indonesian Tsunami Early WarningSystem (InaTEWS)– Goal of InaTEWS and requirement– Current Status of the monitoring system– Future plan

IOTWS and SCMG of ASEAN

• IOTWS = Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System– WG-1, Seismic Measurements, Data Collection, And Exchange– WG-2, Sea Level Data, Deep-ocean measurement And Exchange– WG-3, Risk Assessment– WG-4, Modeling, Forecasting And Scenario Development– WG-5, The System Of Interoperable Advisory And Warning Centres– WG-6, Mitigation, Preparedness And Response

• SCMG= Sub Committee on Meteorology and Geophysics– Technical Task Force for establishing national tsunami center in

ASEAN countries– AEIC = ASEAN Earthquake Information Center

• To rapidly disseminate information on earthquakes and their associatedevents occurring in various parts of ASEAN countries to authorities andpublic.

• Hosted by BMG of Indonesia

Terms of Reference of WG – 1 of IOTWS

• Identify the core seismic stations in IndianOcean region

• Establish the core seismic network in IndianOcean region

• Make seismic data of core seismic stationavailable to member state countries in realtime for tsunami warning purposes.

• Establish the communication link to themembers to update the status of developmentof seismic stations and new availabletechnology

Core Seismic stations

Operational Planned

6

Core Seismic Stations, existing and planned

75

Number Identifiedcore stations

38

2006

46

2007

75

2010

WG-1 Recommendation of IOTWS

• The group endorsed the high importance ofsharing waveform data in real time for tsunamiwarning purposes.

• Where the countries can not provide waveformdata in real time, it is recommended to share theparametric data including phase arrival time inreal time.

• The SeedLink protocol and miniseed format arethe recommended method for real time waveformdata exchange.

• The Group recommended that the seismologytraining should be extended to all Indian Oceansub-Regions.

PPIBukit TimahGSI

BSI KulimKuching

JRDB

Kota Kinabalu

Toli-toliMNI

CGP

TGY

BCP

Dalat

Hue

Vinh

KhaneanaburiYangon

Mandalay

Chiangmai

Seismic stations for ASEAN real time data exchange

BMGBMG

List of the seismic data processing systemin Seismic center of ASEAN

√√SEISAN√Reftek

Compserv√OnyxvMSDP (China system)√Garnet (Japanese System)

√√√EarthwormvSeisComP 3.0

Vv√SeisComP 2.5√√Antelope

V√Nanometrics

VNTHSGPHMMMYLAIDKHBNSeismic Data ProcessingSystem

BN=Brunei, KH=Cambodia, ID=Indonesia, LA= Lao PDR, MY= Malaysia, MM= MyanmarPH= Philippine, SG= Singapore, TH= Thailand, VN= Viet Nam

Components ofIndonesian Tsunami Warning System

No casualties

1. Monitoring2. Processing

3. Dissemination4. Preparedness

Tsunami or notIn 5 minutes

After the earthquake

Earthquake

Evacuation or not

1. Earthquake monitoring● Seismograph, 160 BB stations● Accelerograph, 500 stations

2. Sea Monitoring● DART-Buoy, 25 buoys● Tide Gauges, 60 stations

3. Earth Deformation● GPS-land stations, 50 stations● Earth Observation

Concept of Sharing Tasks in Concept of Sharing Tasks in InaTEWSInaTEWS

1. SEISMICMONITORING (BMG)- SEISMOGRAPH-ACCELEROGRAPH

1. AUTOMATIC PROCCESSING : - Hypocenter; Mwp, Mw (mB), Mj

2. Pre Calculated Tsunami

3. DSS - Situation - Observation - Decision - Product

Modelling, R&D, Modules for PublicAwarness and Preparadness (RISTEK,Universities,Research Institutes)

Communication- Public Works- Social affairs- Health- Interior Affair- Local Gov.-Red Cross- Media

Formal Education, Training, PublicEducation, Simulation (RISTEK, Min.Education, BAKORNAS, LIPI, loc Gov)

ObservationProcessing (BMG)

Mitigation,Rehabilitation

EmergencyResponse

H R D

2. SEA MONITORING - Tide Gauge, GPS

(Bakosurtanal) - Buoys (BPPT)

3. CRUSTALDEFORMATION

- GPS (Bakosurtanal) - EO (LAPAN)

1. TsunamiWarning2. Eq.Information

OPERASIONAL

BAKORNAS• SituationCenter• Controlsystem fordissemination

Capacity BuildingResearch and Development

Institutions involved in MonitoringSystem

• Seismograph and Accelerograph Networks – BMG, Meteorological and Geophysics Agency.

• GPS and Tide Gauge networksBAKOSURTANAL, National coordinating Agency for

Survey and mappingLIPI, Indonesian Science Institute

• DART buoy– BPPT, Assessment and Application Technology

Agency• Earth Observation

– LAPAN, National Aero space Agency• Tsunami Early Warning Center

– BMG, Meteorological and Geophysics Agency.

112233

44

55

1010

3030

6060 End of Tsunami WarningEnd of Tsunami WarningAll clear informationAll clear information

Automatic / InteractiveAutomatic / InteractiveProcessingProcessing

TSUNAMI WARNING1. Major Tsunami, Tsunami or Advisory2. Earthquake parameters and Estimated Tsunami Height

EarthquakeOccurence

SEISMICSEISMICFIRST ALERTFIRST ALERT

•• HYPOCENTERHYPOCENTERSEISMICSEISMICSECONDSECONDALERTALERT

Simulation TsunamiSimulation TsunamiDatabaseDatabaseGPSGPS BuoysBuoys Tide GaugeTide Gauge

Confirmation panelProductDecisionObservationSituation

Decision Support System (DSS)

U p d a t e W a r n I n gU p d a t e W a r n I n gBased on observationBased on observation

(Confirmation/Cancellation)(Confirmation/Cancellation)

First report from Community First report from CommunityBMG

Time Line for Tsunami Early Warning PreparationTime Line for Tsunami Early Warning Preparation

minutes

11:10:23 UTC

11:10:23 UTC; epic : 4.67 S – 101.13 E; depth: 10Km, Mag :7.9SR, potentially generated Tsunami

Time line of Bengkulu Earthquake, 12 September 2007

Live signal and stations starts blinking (KLI,JMBI,PPI,PGRI,SBJI)1’57

SMS sent [ OT: 18:10:23 WIB; 4.67 LS – 101.13BT; Mag: 7.9SR, dpth: 10Km,(159km southwest Bengkulu) Potentially TsunamiInfo from Communities : Eq felt at Padang, Lampung, Jakarta, Jambi

Interactive ToolSesicomp3

0

Alarm triggeredBengkulu Station called and felt on VI MMI

Television : ANTV : Potentially generated Tsunami MetroTV : Potentially generated Tsunami Indosiar : Potentially generated Tsunami GlobalTV : Potentially generated Tsunami

End of Warning

2’07

4’07

4’41

4’42

7’37

11’1123’37

2’9’08

1’59

6’37

BMG

Manual evaluation

7th-9th May 2007 4th German-Indonesian Workshop WP4300 15

Tsunami warning elapse time after the earthquake

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Number of tsunami warning

Tim

e in

min

ute

September 12, 20073.6m Tsunami

BMG

26/11/07

January 21, 200710cm Tsunami

Tsunami Warning Issuance in 2007Magnitude > 6.3

Improvement to reduce falseWARNING

• Detail information on Warning messagecontent

– Identify the affected region for every event,prior to warning message dissemination• Installation of Tsunami simulation database

– Aggregate information to confirm tsunami;• OBU data related to tsunami height on the beach• Tide gauge data or tsunami height to update

tsunami message

• Installation of Decision Support System(DSS)

BMG

Current Real time MONITORING for Current Real time MONITORING for InaTEWSInaTEWS

•• Earthquake waveEarthquake wave–– Seismograph; 112 real time stationsSeismograph; 112 real time stations–– AccelerographAccelerograph; 85 real time stations; 85 real time stations

•• Tsunami waveTsunami wave–– Tide gauges; 4 stations of Indonesia in near realTide gauges; 4 stations of Indonesia in near real

time through GTS. Waiting for other tide gaugestime through GTS. Waiting for other tide gaugesfrom BAKO real time to BMGfrom BAKO real time to BMG

–– Pressure gauges (OBU); 3 near real time stationsPressure gauges (OBU); 3 near real time stations

•• Earth DeformationEarth Deformation–– GPS; under constructionGPS; under construction–– Earth Observation; noneEarth Observation; none

Tsunami Warning Service• Warning is issued based on magnitude (conservative)

– Local tsunami (200km) 6.5 – 7.5– Regional (1000km) 7.6 – 7.8– Ocean wide > 7.8

• Warning is issued based on estimated tsunami height atidentified beaches– H > 3 m; Major tsunami– 0.5m <H <3m ; Tsunami– H < 0.5m ; Advisory

• Update the warning based on the observation– Earthquake parameter– Tide gauges network– Buoys networks– GPS network– Image satellite

BMG

INDONESIAN SEISMIC NETWORKJan, 2008, (112 BB, 85 Acc)

CURRENT STATUS of GPS AND FUTURE PLAN OF THE InaTEWS

Could be morebeyond 2009Modified dueto scientificjudge

2030?

2057

−327

401037

IndonesiaGermanyCaltech, USA(Sumatra)

123

(last update20.02.2007)

20082007By theend ‘06

REMARKFUTUREONGOING

DONEGRAND

PLAN

OPERATIONALCOMPONENTS

No.

Dr. Parluhutan Manurung

GRAND PLAN

Commitment for Real Time Tide gauge StationsCommitment for Real Time Tide gauge Stations

80 StaNeeds

60 staPresent Commitment

20 StaGap (2008?)

10 staUSA/NOAA/UHSLC

10 staGerman

40 staIndonesia

CommitmentsCountries

On going development• Continue to develop new seismic stations as required

for tsunami purposes• Guide to develop and evaluate seismic stations

• Maintain the performance of seismic stations andnetworks• Require regular Training in seismology, instrumentation,

Database and Metadata• Guide to support routine operation, data exchange and

system communication• Introduce the seismic network and all networks for

tsunami warning to universities in Indonesia (28Universities; 2006, 2007)• Attract the attention of Student and lecturer from University• Require GUI for accessing and sharing data for research

purposes (GFZ, Germany)

BMG program in 2008• Complete the new building for new operation

center• Move operation center from old building to

new building (May 2008)• Install DSS (Decision Support System)• Install seismic processing system in BMG

regional centers (10 centers)• Prepare redundant system of Warning center

in Denpassar (Bali), one of BMG regionalcenters

• Inauguration of InaTEWS, 12 November 2008

BMG

Operation centerOperation center

Operation center as of September 2006

New Operational center as of December 2006

Current monitoring display

METEOROLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL AGENCYJL. ANGKASA I NO. 2 KEMAYORAN

JAKARTA PUSAT – INDONESIATEL/ FAX. 62 21 4246321/ 4246703

http://www.bmg.go.id

BMG