iron warrior: volume 6, issue 6

8/14/2019 Iron Warrior: Volume 6, Issue 6

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INDIA:

INSIDEPoiot Counterpoint: Computer FeesViewpointsExploring W c.p D.HumourNews Briefs

September 1985

TR DITIONS NDTECHNOLOGY

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Ta} M ahal: India s Wondero the World. n evewitne.saccount o f India o page 7


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September 985 IRON W RRIOR 3

omputer ees POINTby W c Lennox, Dean of Engineering

The editor requested that Ispeak "for" the computer fee . I wish tomake it clear that I am "for" disarmament, good government, a nuclearfreeze, and motherhood. I am "against"discrimination of any kind and beautypageants . -In my view, the issue ofincreased fees and increased tuition isan entirely different matter. I havewritten articles about the concept ofthe computer fee in three previous IronWarrior articles. For Engineering, theproblem is two-fold:1 Cost of new technologies2. Continued underfunding of theOntario University System.

The new technologies - computer, computer-related, such asCAD/CAM, robotics, etc., bio-technology, to name but a few - have had asignificant impact on engineering practice and, consequently, on.. engineeringeducation. I t is imperative that, if ourgraduates are to be productive, they befamiliar with these technologies. Thecost of introducing the above is staggering. We were struggling withincreased obsolescence before this"revolution" because of a lack ofequipment funds.

Much has been said aboutuniversity underfunding - so much perhaps that one is tired of hearing aboutthe issue - but it is a fact and it is serious.

by Tom FultonThat $1 B50 voucher that Donald McDonald is proposing for studentsreaJly impressed me. I can see it now:50 cents off WPIRG, 75 cents offRadio Waterloo. You get a specialbonus prize if you manage to unload allyour vouchers before they expire: a

- The 1981 "Fisher Report" on postsecondary education recommendedincreased funding. It was totallyignored by the education minister whorequested the study.The 1984 "Bovey CommissionReport" clearly recognized that the"system was in jeopardy . No actionhas been taken on that report, which,again, was requested by the ministry.The "Fisher Report" was aninternal study within the ministry. The"Bovey Report" involved non-government individuals from the private sector. It has been estimated that, if therecommendations of the Bovey Reportwere accepted, the increase in fundingto the University of Waterloo would beof the order of $20 M per year Even

the Federal Government has received areport - The Johnson Report - whichshows that Ontario is not passing onthe funds it is receiving for post-secondary education in the Federal Government's transfer payments to provinces.All of the above refers to theuniversity system on average. Programssuch as Engineering at Waterloo thatare at the leading edge of their profession - a fact recognized by industry andother educational institutions, clearly ishandicapped by the present fundingsystem. Perhaps there are too manyengineering schools in Ontario, but thisis a political problem.

personal visit from Donald's brotherRonald . I wonder how much we'll getoff textbooks. I was worried that whentuition went up 22.4%, the cost oftextbooks would foJlow. Luckily textbooks only went up 22.2%.

Why don't some of these profsget off their butts and start ragging atMcGraw-Hill. I don't know about you,but I think I'd be able to live with softcovers and uncoated paper. I don'tknow what I'll put on the mantle shelfat home, maybe I can get hardcoverand glossy Harlequin Romances.Perhaps the university can savesome money by printing these voucherson the extra paper they buy with the$100 computer fee. After all, with 8Apples to share amongst our class of86 students, I'm sure we won't havetime to use it.

If we wait for government toact on the recommendations of its ownsludie , \ e will be well into the ne tice-age . The alternati e i to look 10other source: indu t r alumni andtuden .Bovey indicates that tudenlsnow pay approx. 18% of the cost oftheir education. Both Bovey and therecent McDonald Report recommendhigher tuition. 1 have no doubt thatstudents will pay more for their studies,but, since tuition increases can only beimposed by government, the alternativeis to resort to specific fee program.Many schools now charge avariety of incidental fees . I have listedsome of these in previous articles . Twoengineering programs - Queens andMcMaster - now require ("stronglyrecommended") students to purchase orlease micros - of the order of $2000. Tam sure we will do the same in one ortwo years when the "3M" machines areavailable. - 1 Meg, 1 million pixels and1 MIP at a cost of approximately$ 1000. In the meantime, we are oingour best to provide an adequate equipment and people - faculty and staff -environment. In the past three years,we have acquired over$1,OOO,OOO-worth of equipment - gif ts ,borrowed and bought. OneWATSTAR/PC (30 stations) costs$200,000. Even a gift has maintenanceand operating costs. Thirty dollars of

the $100 fee will be used by Engineering to maintain and enhance our computer environment. The remaining $70is a university fee to offset the costs ofcomputing at- the university level.Waterloo now spends more in this areathan any other university .I believe the fee is justifiedand I will keep you posted as toexpenditures regarding the $30 regularly.

COUNTERPOINTI shouldn't be so negative, butas I recall this fee is for a maintenancefund only, not a capital fund. 0 I ask,how can 8 Apples use $8600 in paper

and repairs in 4 months? Actually,that's not quite right. There's also, as aspecial time limited offer, for absolutely almost no extra charge, a freebonus CMS account. We don 't haveany assignments or project to do on it,but that's beside the point. Never looka gift Dean in the mouth.

It wouldn't be so bad if wewere actually learning something tangible with these computers. In the fouryears J've been here I've done twothings with them: plug data into ready- written software on micros, and copymy computer assignments from grade 9and 10 into CMS accounts and runthem with new data.

One of the projects I had in

IndepetHhna,owned endoperated

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Pulp and Paper on my last work termwas installing strain gauges on the legsof a digcslor to monitor cookin' liquorand wood clUJ) ratios . Good thing Ihadn't leurned anything about interfacing. would have tllken me twiceas long to cut through all the theoreticui trash we would JUlVC been given.Reality is funny thilt way .Maybe ill just the MechanicalEngineering Department that's stili inthe dark ages. Do you folks in Electrical/Computer Engineering or ompuler Science think you're getting 100worth of USEFUL computer education? (After all, it you're not learninganything, we don't need to maintainthe computers now, do we?)

Write a letter to the IW editors. Let's tell the Dean what weexpect to gel for our $100 since we'regonna pay it no matter what

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4

The Imageby Alex McGowan

It 's been a long time coming,and probably has a long way to go, butI think that the public' s opinion ofprofessional engineers is actuallybecoming less religious. [ may bewrong, but allow me to elucidate byoffering some examples for your considera ion .A few years ago (in my CheapLabour days), I was working on theconstruction of an office complex inBritish Columbia. For speed ofassembly, we were to erect the entiregirder framework first, with drywall,glazing, plumbing, etc., to follow. Thesixth storey was almost done whengale-force winds forced a stoppage inconstruction. When we came back towork, it was discovered that the entirestructure had been tilted out of alignment by a foot or two - just enough sothat none of the wall or floor panelswould fit into the framework. As aresult, all of the girder constructionhad to be disassembled and rebuiltwith all-new material. See. this towndoesn't normally get heavy breezes, letalone gales and the prevailing windsdon't come from that direction. Sowhen it came time to blame someonefor the extra cost and constructiondelays, guess who took the heat?Of course, the supervlslOgengineer was expected to be able tosecond guess the meteorologist andMother Nature. He should have foreseen the problem and taken steps. etc.,hich j what engineer and engineering studen ts have been told ever sincewhen. The point of this little anecdoteis that it happened in the mid-seventies, around the time of the HyattRegency skyway c o l l p s ~ in KansasCity (and around the time that the film"The Truesteel Affair" came out). Theprevailing attitudes at that time are theones I came into university with: the

IRON W RRIORVIEWPOINTSIS Changing

Dean of Engineering at the Universityof Alberta told me that "engineering isthe Supreme Art and Science of Mankind". Mind you, that was a few yearsago, when Deans of Engineering spokein upper case letters (this, too, may bechanging) .

At that time, as had been thecase in the engineering profession upuntil then, engineers were seen asinfallible demigods who could designanything, anywhere, with any materials.They never made mistakes and never,ever, failed to do whatever was askedof them, no matter how difficult. In1960, as we all know, President Kennedy gave NASA engineers thier ownGrail - to put a man on the moon bythe end of the decade (I'm sure that, jfhe were alive today. he 'd say, "I meant'a personllf). In the summer of 1969,they did just that, thus reinforcing theimage of the superhuman engineer. Alittle nationalistic trivia: most of theengineers at NASA in the 60's wereCanadian, having migrated southwardafter the Diefenbaker governmentscrapped the Avro aircraft program.So if the subject ever comes up at aparty, now you know. (Another aside:you may notice how NASA cleverlytook the entire decade to accomplishtheir task . This practice of stretchinga government-funded project out aslong as possible is known in academiaas Flogging the Grant , which in thiscase had the added benefit of makingspace travel appear difficult. Had theNASA engineers done tbe job in, say,two or t ree ar , he w u n verhave been forgiven - nobody likes ashow-off.)

After the handshaking andlionizing were done, the dust settledand the engineering profession founditself in what Tom Wolfe called theMe Decade. when public opinion ofengineers took a turn for the worse.People began saying things like, "sure,

l McGowanPresident of the Engineering Societyengineers made Neil Armstrongfamous, but what have they done forme lately?"

Some of the answers theycame up with weren't pretty . Engineers were, apparently, responsible forbuilding nuclear fission reactors, atomicwarheads, low-level cruise ,missiles andFord Pintos. A kind of double-imageFrankenstein was created: engineerssaw their public image as Titans ofApplied Science suddenly turning intoa liability; while the public saw thoseto whom they had entrusted the stewardship of technology as betrayingthat trust. After all, it was said, engineers, of all people, should have knownbetter than to play with nuclear fire, orto allow an automobile to be producedwith an exploding gas tank or.. . well,you ge t e i ea.So it has been for the pastdecade or so, but r sense a change inthe wind. The latest trend in journalism would seem to bear out this theoryand public opinion will surely follow, asit always has . People are now sayingthings like: Wait a second. Maybepublic demand for cheap and readilyavailable products is one of the reasonsWords 'from the End of the Tunnel

by Ric Dunda. and Chris OmiecinskiThe Price You Pay

Oh the price you pay, Oh the price youpayNow you can't walk away from theprice you payNow they'd come so far and they'dwaited so longJus( to end up caught in a dreamwhere everything goes wrongWhere the dark of night holds back thelight of the dayAnd you've gotta stand and fight forthe price you payBruce SpringsteenThe Price You Pay.,The River, 1980.

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You know, if you look hardenough or you Ii ten long enough, youcan always find omething in the Bo s'lyrics that pertains to any situation.And it seems like in this ong Brucehas hit the nail on the head .Frankly, we believe that "theprice you pay" sometimes gets a littleout of line. Now don't get us wrong -it's not that we expect to get our education for free or even at rock bottomprices but lately it's been getting a little hard to take.

We can sit back and reminisceabout the Glory Days when a textbookt'hat cost $50 weighed 50 pounds.Nowadays what you pay $50 for youcan put in a leuer-sized envelope andmail for 34 cents . Damn, if we knewback then the payoffs were so good wewould have gone into publishing. We'resure you all remember well the feelingof utter helplessness you experienced inthe line-up at the bookstore buyingyour required texts. You can bet thatPrentice-Hall doesn't share these feelings as they review the profits for the

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September 1985 IRON WARRIOR 5

Orientation: the Frosh Speakby Lynda Wilson and Jansje Franck

Uncertainty, fear, homesickness - all disappeared during Froshweek. Until it happened, we didn' tknow what to expect. Sure, we'd allheard stories, but which were we supposed to believe? Many of us had beenwarned about the drenching we wouldget during our class picture. We hadn'tbeen told it was just the beginning of awet week.

I f a pail of water wasn' tenough for one day, the feared "Education Committee" entered some of usin the fountain relay race. After thiswelcome, some people might not havecome back. However, free beer, sympathetic big brothers and sisters, andour curiosity got the best of us. ByWednesday's BBQ, we had alreadystarted thinking like Engineers: honouring the TOOL, chanting the Plummer's Hymn, pushing buses, and hunting Mathies' ties.While Engineers are usuallyindestructible, there are some placesengineering frosh should not walkalone. Some of us got soaked in thevillages and the Math building. Welearned that Engineers always sticktogether against the world. However,

A Frosh gathering by the Math BUildingthere's nothing wrong with a littleinter-section rivalry - especially forP S points.Everyone knows that Engineersare hard workers willing to stay up allnight studying. Our quest for P**Spoints led us to our first all-nighter.The Havenger Scunt had us travelling

all over Toronto, Niagara Falls, Buffalo, and K-W in search of photos, barreceipts, igloos and 4th year nurses. Atdawn, a parade of Engineers werewalking through wet grass to wake upthe students in residence.No matter what campus peoplethink, Engineers really are caring peo-

Whiz kids with no time for fun?by Sandra Jeppesen

Most of you by now haveprobably read or at least heard aboutthe 'rave' reviews "Waterloo University" received in the Toronto Star ofJune 29th. J read it on the beach atGrand Bend, where about fifteen of usfrom this Yuppie university were sipping gin and lemonade, windsurfing,swimming and sunning, but definitelynot having fun because we didn't haveany time for that.The only conclusion we couldreach was that Jack Cahill, who wrotethis enlightening article about Waterloo, must have formed his opinion ofour school before he even venturedonto its "neat, orderly, efficient, cold,business-like, somewhat overcrowdedcampus" to obtain a few quotationsthat would verify his preconceptions.After all, he called us "Waterloo University", referred to the Feds as the*Student Federation", and blatantlymisnamed our beloved Fed Hall "Confederation Hall". Furthermore, hefailed to even mention that we have anexcellent school of Architecture andEnvironmental Studies, as well as theonly English-language Optometry program in Canada. Perhaps these inexcuseable errors and omissions wouldnot have been made had his researchbeen more complete.From his article I got theimpression that we are nothing morethan a herd of stampeding anti-socials

pushing each other aside in a mad rushto be first in line for a job at IBM.The profound remark of ex-Imprinteditor George Eliott Clark that "Mostlyit's a factory. You're in and you're out*only added to the image or a schoolfilled with robots that obviously don'tcare about each other, have no familyor friends, and couldn't find the beerstore from the corner of Albert andBearinger.But wait Jac k does have a lotof good things to say about Waterloo;he just doesn't say them very nicely.First he says that we have "none of the

Students obviously o not have funat Waterlooeliteism of Queen's or the country clubatmosphere of Western". Admittedly,large numbers of Topsiders, OP garb,Vuarnets, and yachts are notablyabsent from our campus, and "ThankGod " we say to that, with our collarsdown and our minds open.He also allows that we havemore research contracts than any otheruniversity, the second biggest co-opprogram in North America, and thatHoneywell has rated Waterloo firstamong all high-tech schools in NorthAmerica. And aren t research andreputation, not to mention graduateemployment opportunities, importantassets of any university? Well, notaccording to this article. It claimsthat these assets will only serve tochurn out a batch of inhuman graduates with not a single redeeming socialgrace. Aft


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6 IRON W RRIOR September 1985Putting the Ivory Tower into the Marketplace

reprinted with permission fromInnovation Supplement to Canada Commerce

Business and universities canwork well together, even when youthrow government into the equation.While some people may doubt thi s, ithas been proved profitably true at theWaterloo Centre for Process Development (WCPD) in -Waterloo, Ontario.Founded with federal government funding in 1978, the WCPDfunctions much like a p ivate consulting and research centre, but one thatjust happens to draw most of its stafffrom the University of Waterloo'sDepartment of Chemical Engineering.In fact, 18 of the department'sfaculty members participate in thecentre activities and projects. An additional 40 research engineers and technicians are employed by the centre toconduct the contract and projectresearch activities.In many ways, it can be considered to be a sort of business armof the academic world - a place whereprofessors, scientists and researchersregularly prove that they can fit intocorporate towers as comfortably as theyfit.into the ivory variety.As proof, they point out that. since 1981 there have been 34 patentsissued to the chemical engineeringprofessors who form the backbone ofthe semi-autonomous organization.These patents are assigned to the -centre which markets them and shares theprofits with the professors who perfected them.

The patents, along withnumerous processes and proceduresdeveloped on a contract basis withgovernment and industry, have generated millions of dollars in new jobs,new research funding and in revenuethrough royalty payments and licensingagreements.The idea for the centre camefrom Dr . Edward (Ted) Rhodes, chairman of Department of Chemical Engineering and director of the WCPD,who has been with the university for 20years. When I became chairman, in1976, recounts Rhodes, a specialist inheat transfer, we had 28 professorspublishing hundreds of papers andproducing a small number of patents. Iwanted to see a better use of our technology and knowledge; and I wantedthat use to be on a more practicallevel. I wanted our developments - ournew technology and processes and procedures - to be developed to their fullpotential.Both the university and thedepartment have had a long history ofworking with industry, but not on the

E B Cross - Executive director of WCPD/

, .;., ./'

level Rhodes envisioned, explains E.B.(Ted) Cross, who became executivedirector of the centre in 1982.The university is unique inthat respect, adds Cross, a graduatechemical engineer with a great deal ofexperience in business. It has beenworking with business for 27 years. Thecentre is just the next logical step forthe university to take.

One of the real problemsaddressed by the centre is providing abasis for a better understandingbetween academics and businessmen -and the reverse.

It's like the generation gap.But I like to call it the- professional gap- a gap in the understanding betweenprofessional professors and professionalbusiness people. By creating a businessenvironment here at the universitywe're helping bridge that gap. It'sworking.But before they courd startdoing it, Rhodes recounts, we neededan infrastructure. We needed to operate as a business if we were to workwith business. That meant we had tobe able to deal with lawyers, patents,licensing agreements - and everythingelse that the business world deals with.But the main problem wasmoney. We could not afford the necessary infrastructure. We could notafford to hire a 'business manager' . Inmost cases, we could not even afford tocarry an idea through to the pointwhere we could demon trate it on alarge enough scale to prove to industry

that it would really work on a industrial scale.So, over a two-year period,Rhodes talked to the government. Thegovernment listened and in 1978 theformer federal Department of Industry,Trade and Commerce (now theDepartment of Regional IndustrialExpansion) decided to fund theWCPD, giving it a total of [ millionspread over five years to get it operat-ing.

With the funding in place. thecentre started to pick its projects.

One of the first was the singlecell protein bioconversion process,being developed at the time by Professor Murray Moo-Young .Simply put, the SCP processturns fibrous and potentially pollutingwaste material, such as sawdust andthe residue from pulp and paper mills,into animal feed.

The process has been installed

in a Vancouver pilot plant by Envirocon Ltd., which is licensed by the centre to use the technology.In May 1984, that process wassingled out by the Department ofRegional Industrial Expansion forexcellence in technology transfer whenit gave the centre one of the first


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September 1985 IRON W RRIOR

INDIA Politics andTraditionsby Pavneet Arora

Arriving in India is to arrive asa foreigner. This holds true irrespective.of whether you have been there beforeor have even originated from there.Being out of the country foreven a few months invariably meansthat you have forgotten the nuances ofits pattern of living. You may be lessnaive in your expectations, but. no lessa foreigner. It will come out in the wayyou talk, the way you dress and theway you react.Ask any driver of a taxi orauto-rickshaw ( three wheel scooter ).Better still, take a ride with him ( Ihave never come across a lady taxidriver in India ) to a place for whichyou have an idea of the fare, and seehow much more ' he will ask for. Forprominent places, approximate faresare posted at airports, and the difference in these fares and the fare you areasked to pay is usually a good indication of how much a foreigner youappear. A foreigner not only to thecountry, but also to that city.India today is confronted witha number of threatening politicalproblems. Besides the problems inPunjab, rioting took place to protestagainst _ he increase in quotas of jobsand university seats for minority groupsin the Western state of Gujarat, andwhich evolved into communal violence .between Hindus and Muslims.Ironically these riots took placemainly in Ahmedabad, the major citynear the birthplace of Mahatma Gandhi. I had occasion to travel intoboth Punjab and Gujarat. I was inlalandhar ( a major city near Amritsar,Punjab at the end of April, before thetumultuous happenings of the summer.This was long before the TransistorBomb incidents ( where bombs werebuilt into radios and left in publicplaces ) brought New Delhi to astandstill; the historic signing of thePunjab accord between the Sikh AkaliDal leader Sant Longowal and IndianPrime Minister Rajiv Gandhi; and thesubsequent murder of Sant Longowal.Even the apprehension feltover the possibility of violence breakingout as the annivers.ary of the stormingof the Golden Temple, the Sikh holyshrine approached, was a full monthaway.

The journey into Punjab beganin the early morning quiet of NewDelhi railway station, before those whouse the railway platforms as homes hadawoken. The second class compartmentbegan as being comfortably warm butprogressed to become a broiler, as thetrain travelled into the midday heat of- the Punjab plains. Most of the carriages are not air-conditioned ( airconditioned carriage seats cost 4 timesthe regular fare and therefore are notsealed. In those pre-monsoon days, theall pervading dust used to enter thecompartment covering everything witha dry grit. .En route one passes through

the town of Khurukshetra, the locationof the ancient battlefield where the

The people of India - Forever struggling but maimat ning pride.discourse between Krishna and PrinceArjuna is said to have taken place.This was a discussion on the differentpaths towards enlightenment, thesource of unhappiness, and the ephemeral nature of life which is transcribedin the Hindu epic, Bhagvadgita ( TheSong of the divine ). It gives one asense of awe to pass through such aplace being not only historically significant, but also being the place of originfor a philosophic work which has hadsuch profound impact on the Indianculture.

At Ambala, a town along theway, police boarded the train and did aluggage check. They went through thecrowded carriage choosing pieces ofluggage at random and examiningthem. Having been subject to manyairport luggage checks, I can verifythat this check was far from beingcursory. The policemen brandished anodd assortment of arms, from pistolsand machine-guns to what appeared tobe World War II relic Lee Enfieldrifles. With the roads being poorlylinked and flying being too expensive,most people travel by train in India.The journey from New Delhi tolalandhar takes about 8 hours. This isconsidered a relatively short journeyand one has to take care in adjusting tothe Indian scale of time. When heavilytravelled routes such as Bombay-Delhior Delhi-Bangalore take about 20 hoursand 40 hours respectively by train, an8 hour stint seems hardly significant.

In Jalandhar, I was caught inthe midst of a political rally whilewalking through a market. Althoughthe slogan shouting and political fervorwere similar to those of political ralliesin Canada, there seemed to be theuncomfortable feeling that an outbreakof violence would not be unexpected .Machine-gun wielding guardssurrounded the leaders and marchedwith the crowd through the narrowstreets. Is India then just anothercountry in strife, having not only tocome to terms with its many internaldifferences in language and religion,but the added threat of terrorism?Memories of police checkposts in NewDelhi, and the daily news stories ofnew incidents of violence certainly givecredence to such a view. However, Icannot help pushing these images asidein favour of the image of travelling inthat overcrowded train carriage whilereturning from Punjab, in which seatswere shared so that no one was leftstandfng, whether Hindu or Sikh; andthe memory of that Sikh auto-rickshawdriver il) New Delhi who, amidst theelaborate art work on his auto-rickshaw, offered as his only advertisement:God is One .Editors Note: The information in tbisarticle is based on the personal experiences of the author during a worktermin India; it is not intended as a politicalanalysis but rather an observation ofIndia today.

7

n expandingomputerIndustryIndia's computer industry israpidly expanding in a pattern similar

to that cllperiencd in North Americaabout 10 years ago. The larger established companies of both software andhardware are facing increasingly stiffcompetition by smaUer firms. Since theconsumers of computer equipment (mainly medium to large scale businesses ) have become better informedof computers in general, they are lessafraid to assess the services and equipment of smaller firms.In the past larger companieshave also been able to hire mOst of thegraduates with computer training, atmodest salaries ( Rl,1pees 1500-2000 permonth. about $200 ). Smaller companies interested in grabbing computerprofessionals are offering much more

l u c r t i ~ e salaries ( Rs. 2500-3500 permontb, about $300 ).The most popular cotnputers inIndia are Indian built IBM compatiblesin an XT or AT configuration. This isnot surprising when one considers theconsumer market which consists mainlyof businesses.Universities usually have nEepmea t and t h ~ ones I visited aUused DEC System-IO'a lTops 10 operating systell l.Competition for entrance into acomputer pro8ramme at any of thebetter universities is extremely stiff.Out of the 70 000 aspirants writin, anentrance exam for the Indian Institutesof Tecbnology ( thoro are 5 of themlocated throulhout the country ). aboutthe top I S are offered entrance incomputer science. Depending on theirrank in the cxams. they are Offeredentrance into different departments.With such small classes, the demandfor computins resources is thereforeusually satisfied. However as the computer science classes increase in size.

the existing systems arc being replaced.One of the interesting thingsabout the Indian computer illdustl')' isthat there are a number of supercomputers operating there. Tata Colllultaney services, a lar,e c o ~ u t t i n firmhas a


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8 IRON WARRIOR September 1985HUMOURThe Great Faculty Huntby Anne C. Noakes

"Prepare to be violated " readthe sign over Highway 86. The firstmessage from my fellow plummers Itheld a great deal of promise.Like that of most co-op students, my universe is compact, highlyportable, and fits nicely in the trunkand back seat of a Volvo. Delegated tothe back among my wordly goods, Ihad become moulded to the right reardoor and carefully supported mybeloved low-maintenance houseplant,Fraser, who hates to travel but ratherenjoys my lap.

I took a moment to reflect LC..--""' ' ' ' ' ' ' -_->.; .. ...upon my good fortune . Having spentthe entire previous year squirming inthe clutches of HKLS, I bad boldlycrossed the campus to join the non-nubile in the omnipotent EngineeringFaculty. It was a switch fraught withdifficulty but I swam the Sea of RedTape with all the determination of ahorny salmon scaling an endless seriesof waterfalls.The plan to discover my truedestiny had undergone many roughdrafts (so it's an understatement )making family and friends somewhatreluctant to lend their support to myquest for admission to Chemical Engi-

neering. I could hardly blame them asI might just as easily have left UW forGeorge Brown College's program and,at this very moment, be taking motesin Vegetables 101 .

My cross-campus search for anacademic niche left me on a first namebasis with the ' receptionists of almostevery undergraduate office at UW.During this exploration of all possibleoutcomes, it suddenly occured to methat at no point had I ever consideredbeing a Mathie. Eureka It was timeto wake up and smell the coffee.(Freshly percgJated and wafting overfrom Mark Wakulicz's Celebrity Tea-

room in West 6.) I was born to be anengineerBy late April there remainedbut one vestigial trace of my formercommitment to Kin-easy-ology: A workterm in the far north {almost in Orillia). Yes. It was Boot Camp. Themake-it or break-it work term experience in HKLS . A recreational summerresort camp for kids with higherallowances than my salary and wardrobes worth more than the house Igrew up in.

The summer had hardly begunwhen I realized just how indebted wereOP, Roots, and Beaver Canoe to theForest Hill section of Toronto.Although hired as a riding instructor, Idoubled (tripled, quadrupled) as amaintenance worker (keep those rakesmoving ), pant ry staff (more beansplease ), and a counsellor (1 wanna gohome ). 1 learned to 'sing, dance, andbe foolish, sans alcohol, as a memberof "Arthur and the Campfire Girls".

The stables proved to be nohaven as it eventually became thedumping ground of choice for a varietyof problem children such as the younglad whom the camp sent home forexcessive growling, barking, and biting.

As the camping season drew to

a close, the effects of having taughtover 3000 camper-lesson-hours grewapparent for everyone on the ridingstaff. We became listless, burnt outshadows of our former selves whomoped about the stables chewing hayand complaining that the horsescrapped altogether too much.

September 1st marked the enddate of my contract and subsequentgrateful return to the . civilized world.This was, however, a shortlived euphoria as I moved back to Village I onlytwo days later. The first few weeks ofChern Eng have confirmed that theGreat Faculty Hunt is over. The pathto true happiness surely lies in upholding the reverence of THE RIDGIDTOOL and regular visits to Fed Hall.May the Watgods be appeased

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9/12

September 985 IRON W RRIOR 9FICTIOMURDER IN THE MANOR

by Peter Stubley

Well, it's about time Youcertainly have taken your own sweettime in getting around to reading me.I know, you probably have excuseseverybody does. Most people blame iton that lazy bum of an author for taking this long to get around to writingme. Well, I ll deal with him later. Isuppose that the important thing is thatyou finally here.Before you actually start reading me, there are a few things I thinkwe need to discuss. For example, doyou know how depressing it is to be anunread story? Lord knows that poorexcuse for an author doesn't really careif anybody reads me. He thinks he'sdone his job just because he managedto finish writing a story. Once you'vebeen created, you're on your own, andyour author has wandered off to workon his next creation. I think it's something that's going to have to be discussed at the next meeting of theInternational Union of Stories, Novels,and Associated Literary Works, Local357. And another thing, while I'm onthe subject-these so-called artists arealways trying to better themselves-thenext must be bigger and better thanthe last. Now, I ask you, honestly, ishe ever going to do better than me?

I've always found it ratherdepressing to be unread. Have youever thought about what happens to astory when. you're not reading it? It'sabout time that you did. Suppose youare reading a story with a battle in it.You ' re working your way through hebattle-shells nying, things blowing up,people dying, the whole bit--and whenyou're about , half way through, yourmother calls. She wants you to comeand do the dishes, NOW So away yougo, off to do the dishes, leaving thebattle half-done. What happens to thebattle? You know that when you comeback, the battle hasn't gone any further, and you can get right back intoit, picking up where you left off. Younever think about what you just did tothe story.Well, now I'm going to tellyou. Since you're not a story, and onlya reader, you'll never really understand,but I will try to explain it so that evenyou can understand. I guess the bestthing is for you to try to imagine that

you're in a dream. Actually, it's moreof a nightmare, one of those dreamwhere you are about to be eradicatedfrom existence by something distinctlyunpleasant. There is a typical EdgarAlan Poe atmosphere: damp, andchilling. You are perfectly conscious,and you know that if you could justmove, if you could just speak, youwould be saved. But, unfortunately,you are completely paralyzed and youcan't do a thing. As I hope you canimagine, this situation would not warmyou with a pleasant feeling. f youcould only do something ...Now, think about a story. Thestory's whole point of existence, as faras the story is concerned, is to get thereader to the end. The story can't helpthis-it was born that way . But thestory can't get the reader to the end,

b e c u ~ e the reader has gone off to dothe dishes. Imagine how the storyfeels-it knows exactly what to do, butthe story is completely paralyzed. Thestory doesn't even know if the reader isever coming back-for all it knows, it'sgoing to be "left paralyzed forever.Thinking back to your dream, I'm sureeven you can imagine that this situation would not warm the story with apleasant feeling. f it could only dosomething ...

Just remember this the nexttime you are tempted to interrupt astory. What gives you the right toinnict that kind of traumatic experience on a story? H's bad enough notLO be read at aU, .but to be interrupted.... When we're not being read,we all hang around the Ready Room.It's just like those Battle of Britainmovies. We all sit around waiting,playing card or reading. Then theSiren goes off, and one of us goes running out the door. Eventually, if we'releft unread for a long enough time, weget what's like an honourable discharge, and we go off to ' that BigLibrary in the Sky. What if youinterrupt a story and then never goback and finish it? The story nevermakes it back to the Ready Room, andwe never hear from it again. h's likebeing missing in action. The story isleft paralyzed forever, and it will neverget to Story-Book Heaven . Maybe,now that you've been told, your man-

ners when reading stories will improve.You readers are going to have to getyour priorities straight. And, now thatI have that off my chest, you can startreading me now.The drive up to Shermore

Manor is like crossing a barrierbetween reality and an Edgar Alan Poestory. . One can almost hear the voiceof Rod Serling inviting you to "enterthe Twilight Zone." Shermore Manoris not a particularly pleasant place tolook at, and the old manor has thattypical Edgar Alan Poe atmosphere:damp, and chilling. On the night inquestion, there was even a nice rlttleu ro in r ure--party took place on the night of one ofthe worst thunderstorms in recordedhistory.

The party was given for and byone Arthur Sherlllorc, in honour of' hissixtieth birthday. Old Master Arthuris a rather wealthy shipping magnate,who is generally considered to be a bit"eccentric . This. is a term oftenapplied to rich people who would otherwise be called "obnoxious bastards" ifthey were without money. rthuralways gave his own birthday panics,because no one else would. The onlypeople who didn't hate his guts hadnever heard of him, but no member of. the upper crust could survive not beingasked to attend his soirees. This partywas no exce-.

Oh, the hell with it I don'tfeel like dragging you all the waythrough to the end. Let me give youthe Reader's Digest version instead. Incase you haven't already figured thisout, I'm one of those whodunnit mysteries, where they don't tell you theanswer until the very end. The oldgeezer Arthur dies on the night of theparty of severe lead poisoning inflictedby a .357 Magnum. Some privategumshoe who was at the party wandersthrough several chapters littered withclues, and eventually stumbles on theanswer, discovering that, yes, the butlerdid it. It seems that the two millionleft to him in the old man's will wasn 'tquite worth the pain of serving Arthurnti i ul

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10/12

1 IRON W RRIOR

What S WPIRGby Vivian E. Neal

What is WPIRG? Jf you askany three engineering students you/IIlikely get three different answers.Having used WPIRG/s resources anumber of times and having been onthe Board of Directors of C-OPIRG(Carleton - Ontario Public InterestGroup), let me be the engineer whosteers you right.

WPIRG (pronounced doubleyou-perg) is a studen t-fund ed, studentdirected organization which researchesand organizes events for the purpose ofinforming the public (usualJy students)about issues which affect their lives.Issues close to the hearts of engineersinclude the impact of computer technology, the risks and benefits of alternative energies versus nuclear energy,the problem of acid ra in and its solutions, and occupational health andsafety.

Engineers are commonlythought of as the movers and shakersof today's industrially and technologically complex society. We design anduse devices and machines that havechanged almost every aspect of ourlives: our working environment, homelives, even our entertainment. Yet weare often so busy designing engineeringdevices and managing projects that wedon 't get a chance to see the non-technical ramifications of our work. It isironic, since we are some of the mostinfluential people in this age of rapidtechnological growth, that we look sobriefly at t he effects of our work on -our fam ilies, the person at the checkoutcounter whose work is now more efficient, the lake up at the cottage whichis dying from acid rain (due to thepollution of smelting processes), or afriend who wa's replaced by a robot atthe Ford assembly plant.Technology has the potential todo greater good and greater harm than

any other aspect of our society. I personally feel that every student shouldbecome educated as to the use oftechnology to meet the needs of thesociety in which we live.

WPIRG has the resources tohelp engineers learn about these issues.For instance, WPIRG organized one ofthe first Canadian conferences on theSocial Impacts of Computerization inthe spring of 1982. The proceedings ofthis conference are used as the textbook for GE 351 - Information Technology and Society. Also, the resourcelibrary has been used by engineeringstudents for such projects as the worksl10ps in Systems Design . The libraryincludes sources you won/t find in otherlibraries on campus and even containssome original research by engineeringstudents.

WPIRG is funded by a $2.50per term optional fee which is refundable during the first three weeks ofthe term at the WPIRG office . These

September 985

fees pay for two full-time and o epart-time workers, research pubP(:at ions, educational events and lib ryacquisitions.A Board' of Directors, electedearly in the fall by fee-paying members, is responsible for the operation ofWPIRG . I f you are interested inbecoming a member of the Board ,please visit the WPIRG office as soonas possible to get more information.The WPIRG office is located in theCampus Centre, Room 217. Theresource library is open from 10:00a.m. to 2:00 p.m. Monday throughFriday.

In the mean time,- Keep an eye out for posters advertising WPIRG events- Come by and check out our resourcelibrary- I f you have a report or project thatmight interest WPIRG , drop by theoffice and let one of the staff make aphotocopy for the resource library.

Job Market mprovingreprinted by permission ofCanadian Engineering' Manpower Council

After several lean years, thejob market for engineer ing graduates atthe bachelor's level appea rs to beimproving according to a survey of 568members of last year's class whichfound that only 12 per cent wereunemployed six months after graduation.

The survey was conducted inSeptember 1984 by the CanadianEngineering Manpower Council andfollowed an earlier survey implementedin April.

The results of the Septemberfollow-up survey contrast quite dramatically with the Council/s April survey which showed that 40 per cent ofthe 1004 students contacted werelooking for employment.This initial survey was carriedout with the cooperation of the Deansof Engineering at 26 universities acrossCanada who circulated 1,508 questionnaires to a random sample of final-yearundergraduates from all engineeringprograms. The students returned 1,004questionnaires for a response rate of 67per cent.

The data collected were analysed by Dr. Dormer Ellis, P.Eng. ofthe Ontario Institute for Studies inEducation.

This initial survey found that21 per cent had jobs, 40 per cent werelooking for jobs, 13 per cent intendedto go to graduate school, and theremainder had temporary work or otherplans. By comparison (see accompanying chart), the September survey,which was conducted by directly contacting students who had volunteeredtheir names and addresses as part ofthe initial survey, found a much higherlevel of employment. The actual resultsof the survey were: 55 per cent

ENGINEERING GRADUATES EMPLOYMENT SURVEY (0BACHELOR'S LEVEL, 1984RESPONSEAccepted an engineering job.Accepted an engineering job outside of Canada.Accepted a non-engineering job.Intend further education.Intend further education if job not found .Seeking permanent work, have temporary job.Seeking engineering work.Other.

APRIL19.

213l2%6

408

SEPTEMBER49

15

17N/A1612N/A

BASED ON REPLIES PROM 1.004 AND 568 GRADUATES RESPECTIVELY OUT OF A TOTALGRADUATING CLASS OF 6,668.. NEGLIGIBLE

N/ A NOT APPLICABLE

employed, 12 per cent unemployed, 17per cent attending graduate school, and16 per cent employed on a temporaryor part-time basis.Among those who had foundjobs, it is interesting to note that Thestudents had completed an average of10 applications for employment andhad attended an average of threeinterviews.Those students who had notyet found employment reported sendingout an average of 30 applications foremployment which resulted in an average of two' interviews.

The average starting salaryreported by the employed graduateswas $24,500 although one studentreported a salary of $30,000 for aposition in Bahrain.

Ten per cent of the respondents were women. Statistical testsfailed to find any significant sex differences in the likelihood of a graduatehaving obtained an engineering position, being among those still looking forsuch a position, or having enrolled inpost-graduate studies.Eighteen per cent of therespondents were francophones. Nodifference was found between francophones and anglophones in the likelihood of having obtained a permanentengineering position in Canada; however, a higher percentage of francophones had enrolled in postgraduatestudies while a lower percentage werestill looking for employment. Thesedifferences, while statistically significant, were not great.

While it was not possible totrack employment success by engineering program in great detail, graduatesfrom electrical and engineering physicsprograms fared better than those fromchemical, civil, and mechanical engineering programs .Although every effort is madeto ensure that the questionnaires arecirculated to a random sample offinal-year students, it is very difficultto control this situation in the case ofthe follow-up survey. It is quite possible, therefore, that the results of thesecond survey are biased becauseemployed students may be more willingto reply than those still looking foremployment.

The Council's 1985 survey isunderway at the present time. Thisyear's survey will be circulated to1,766 fina l-year undergraduates in 21engineering programs. A follow-up survey will again be conducted in September with those results available byNovember 1985.

AT TIi FO\.JNTAIN BoCKETM l k lN G CONTE. :: i ' .SOR.RY. THER .' ) No ON ON'tOUR C L - I ~ ' S ~ S T NAME.O JUMSo


11/12

September 1985

OOKSby Francis Chow

The Integral Trees by Larry Niven(Ballantine 1983).The Integral Trees is a LarryNiven classic. I f you liked Ringworld,you'll like The Integral Trees Thebook is a look at life (both native and

human) within a gigantic, habitable,free fall environment forming a densegas torus around a neutron star. Thestory takes place 500 years after thegas torus is discovered and colonizedby the twenty member crew of a passing bussard ramship against the wishesof her captain - a computer programcalled Sharls Davis Kendy. Kendy hasbeen waiting impatiently just outsidethe gas torus in the hope of bringingmutineer 's descendants to justice andcontinuing his ship's mission, but hisvigil is pointless. Within the virginenvironment of the gas torus the crew'sdescendants have been breeding andevolving so rapidly, they have becomemore alien than human.The Integral Trees is theirstory, the story of a small band ofadventurers who are cast into the endless sky when their home tree (trees inthe torus grow many tens of kilometerslong, can support large human communities, and look like integral signs) isdestroyed.The book is a believable blendof fantasy and science-fiction whichexplores difficult themes at the leadingedge of the genre. It's not easy to write 'believable stories from the viewpoint ofa changed human or an alien, thoughthese are precisely the type of storieswith which science fiction should bedealing. Happily, Niven has taken upthe challenge.

Empire of the Sun by J G Ballard(1984 Panther Books).The Empire of the Sun is amoving story set in China at the timeof the brutal Japanese invasion of thatcountry in World War II . The story isa thinly disguised fictional account ofthe experiences of a young English boyseparated from his parents and internedin a Japanese POW camp. In its preface Ballard says, " Empire of the Sundraws on my experiences in ShanghaiChina, during the Second World War,and in Lunghua c.A.C. (CivilianAssembly Centre) where I was internedfrom 1942-45. For the . most part, thisnovel is based on events I observedduring the Japanese occupation ofShanghai and within the camp at Lunghua." Once started, it is a book almostimpossible to put down. Without fanfare, the author builds up an almosthallucinatory picture of a world full ofthe tensions generated by things whichare "impossible" to believe, but whichyou know are true. It's a hard look atthe impact of a type of warfare whichmankind has probably abandoned formore "antiseptic" methods, done withalmost no reference to actual combat.There were no heroics in the war inAsia, only men trapped - enduringstoically a destiny both terrible . andincomprehensible.

IRON WARRIOR

SUZUKI AT UWcourtesy of UW News Bureau on topics such as the impact of medical__ -=-.......:r __ n o l o U ' and office a\itomation, useScientist-6roa caster aVI of biomass energy. implications of oilSuzuki will be the featured speaker at shore oil agreements, the "jnformatiza-a national student conference on the tion" of society, computer illiteracy,impact of science and technology at the and others. About 100 delegates, allUniversity of Waterloo in September . undergraduate s, from more than 30Called "Science, Technology Canadian universities. are expected toand Etbics: Implications for Canadian attend.Culture and Society", the conference We're expecting a lively(Sept. 27-29) is being held in honour of round of opinion and debate", saysInternational Youth Year. McMullin. The delegates will com

Suzuki will deliver his address prise ~ t u d e n t s from all the various faCoto a combined conference and public ulties of our universities, so those whosession on Saturday Sept. 28, 1985. It are creating some of the new technolwill take place in the UW Physical ogy, for instance, will be rubbingActivities Complex that is capable of shoulders with those who will ulti-seating several thousand people. mately be affected by i eWe're delighted by the way McMu llin feels that Suzuki

the conference is taking shape,H says will help focus attention on the conferProf. Stan McMullin, director of UW's ence's central theme. One of the aims,Canadian Studies program. We're he says, is to make serious recommenvery pleased that David Suzu ki dations on the future roles of scienceaccepted our invitation. The students and technology in Canada. Another isorganizing the conference wanted to help in the preparation of new unisomeone who is really involved with the versity courses in the area of science,issues and who can communi cate well technology and values.with all kinds of people, university stu- The conference, being planneddents as well as members of the gen- by a committee of UW and Wilfrideral public." Laurier University (WLU) students,

It's also appropriate that the got a big boost recently with theconference will take place at Waterloo announcement that the Federal Minisfor another reason. The university last ter of State (Youth) will provideyear established the Centre for Society, $20,000 for the event. It will coverTechnology and Values, a cross-disci- delegates' transportation costs.plinary academic body dedicated to Support in the form of scholinvestigating all facets of technology'S arships or funding has also come from:impact on society. So the conferenoe Hewlett-Packard (Canada) Inc.,fits in perfectly with the centre's man- Northern Telecom, Philips Electronics,date. General Motors, Texaco Canada,

We're very pleased to be Imperia l Oil, Digital Equipment Co.,involved with the conference," says the Royal Bank, Rothmans, the uniphilosophy professor Larry Haworth, versity itself, and the Ontario governdirector of CSTV. "We'll be working ment.out the details of our participation in For more information, contactthe next few days." Dr. Stan McMullin, Director of Cana-Delegates to the student con- dian Studies, University of Waterloo:ference will presen t and discuss paper s (519) 885-1460.

11

Jay fansBurnedby Niraj Bbargava

Major League Baseball is notmaking it easy for loyal Blue Jay fansto follow their team to the WorldSeries. In an exclusive interview withthe Iron Warrior. Ed Durso, anemployee at baseball commissionerPeter Ueberoth' office, revealed thestrategy that will be taken in terms ofticket sales.First of all, the ticket priceswill be raised up to 650% from theregular season prices. The seats atCNE stadium are priced at $4. to$10.50 in the regular season. During aWorld Series, the prices will rise to $26to $52 .

When asked where the extrarevenue will go, Durso explained thatsixty percent will go to a pool for theplayers and the players association,fifteen percent to the commissionersoffice, twelve and a half percent to theleagues and six. and a quarter percentto each of the teams.

This season's playoffs couldgross the commissioner's office aloneover thre e million dollllr ;. Durso statedthat thi s money is used to offset 'operating cost .' of the office.On top of that, choice ticketare not available to the Jay fans. venseason ticket holders will not necessarily receive their scat. I nstead, familiesof Major League Baseball employeesand players on non-competing teamsget fir t crack at the tickets.Torontonians will have to survive a lottery to have a chance to pay$26. to sit in the grandstands.This type of thing is to beexpected in working with a largeAmerican enterprise. Maybe we canrequest one item from Major LeagueBaseball - someone who can sing ourNational Anthem at the Jay 's awaygames.

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12/12

12 IRON W RRIOR September 1985

NEWS BRIEFSR I N G R O D

registration at 8:30 AM in front ofNeedles Hall. Racers can also registerin the EngSoc office prior to the raceday .

Ring Road will be closed to all~ ; ; ~ m ~ regular traffic for the duration of the~ : : e = ~ ~ ~ ~ race and marshalls at all intersections

The Fa ll /85 EngSoc BikeRace will be held this Sunday on campus. The event is sponsored by EngSocbut is open to all students, faculty andstaff. The race begins at 9:00 AMand consists of 10 clockwise laps(approximately 27 km) around RingRoad. All participants must report for

Femme-Eng ObituaryDue to a substantial lack of

interest and participation in the lastwinter term , Femme-Eng (Women inEngineering) has been terminated.Women are no 1 nKer a small enoughminority to need a society likeFemme-Eng to represent them, especially when there are already a significant number of women in the EngSocexecutive.

will help provide security for the cyclists. A pace car will lead the frontpack in order to warn any pedestrians .Bicycle helmets are strongly recommended.

The 'race is a great way to trysome fun and competitive cycling on asafe route. The race should also provide great entertainment for spectators;the best places to watch are by thePAC where the racers will be struggling up hill, and also under thepedestrian bridge by CPH where thetrickiest curve in the race .is located.

The prize for the winner willbe either an all-expense paid trip fortwo to Paris, France or a beer mug ...the organisers have yet to decide.

Rain date is one week later,October 6, 9:00 - 10:00 AM.

Math Log for rent ???The Natural Log, long time

mascot of U of W s Mathsoc can nowbe rented. In fact, the Civil Serpentsclass rented it this past weekend, tocollect a whopping 500 points in theengineering Havenger ' Scunt. Theprice .. a mere 2 5 cases of beer How sthat for faculty pride ?

in we.get. J Y bearDad? Sure Son,SandfordFleming alwaysg f .the job done

:

or any of its programmes, please contact:The Sandford Fleming FoundationRoom 4332,Carl Pollock Hall888-4008 or 885-2011 Ext. 4008Registered Charitable Organization {no.0462275-21-15)

BIG BLACK NEMESYSThe 4A Systems Design class

(Nemesys) finished first in last week- :end' s Havenger Scunt, with a verydecisive victory over 14 other teams.The scunt is one of the major socialevents of the term, and this win putsNemesys right on track for their goal:winning this term/s puS title.

Resumes Due Friday Don' t be LateDuring the pa t summer term,the Department of Co-ordination and

Placement began enforcing all ubmission dates, especially that for resumes.I f you ubmit your resume

late, it will not be accepted . Thismeans that the employers to whom youapply through the Want Ads" and late1. 1 ostings will receive you Co-operativeStudent Work Record and your markTA.s Improve Themselves

Teaching assistants for engineering undergrad courses are are outto do a better job this term. A facultywide T.A. workshop was held for thefirst time during orientation week todiscuss effective TA. methods andguidelines.All new graduate student TA.swere invited to the one and one-halfday seminar which dealt with marking,lecturing, and inter-personal skills.Representative professors from eachdepartment along with senior T.A.sacted as mentors to provide real-lifeexamples (and horror stories) whichthey hope will help the new TA.s.

but not your resume.The change is necessary

because over the last few terms latesubmissions have increased to the pointwhere the processing efficiency of therecords section of the department hasseriously deteriorated. This, of course,has affected service to both studentsand employers.

Resumes for co-op studentsseeking employment in Engineering,Science, Environmental Studies, andArchitecture are due Friday, September 27th by 4:30 PM.

co-op ENGINEERING - IMPORTANT DATESDATESept. 16Sept. 27Oct. 4Oct. 7Oct. 24Nov. 14Nov. 15Nov. 25Nov. 26 - 29

TIME4 :304:30 '11 :004:3011 :004:30

Take a lookt l l theshappenings

at yourheart out

EVENTWork Reports DueResumes DueWant Ads AvailableJob Applications DueInterviews StartRanking .Forms AvailableRankings DueInterview Results PostedConfirmation of Employment Interviews

Debates EmergencyLoan Funds SandfordEducationalPress Medals TeachingAssistantshipAwards Graduate TuitionGrants Work Term ReportAwards IndustrialVisitors Programme

Photo -1872 FlemingParty which explor ed theCPR route from theAtlantic to the Pacific -from left to right: FrankFleming, Sandfor dFleming. George Grant(Principal of Queen sUniversity) and Dr. Moren(agricultural specialist).P.S. Grant had no righthand; that s why his hat soff.

iron warrior: volume 6, issue 6

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