irri seminar 2012 march barker singleton johnson

8/2/2019 IRRI Seminar 2012 March Barker Singleton Johnson

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IRRI Rice SeminarSeries

Randy Barker

11th Airborne Division 1953-55.UPCA-Cornell (UPCO) program 1965-66.Social Science Division, IRRI 1966-78, 2007-08.UP teaching (one course a year) 1965-78IRRI softball team 1965-78College Country Club (tennis), 1965-78

Rotary Club of Los Baos, 1969-78IRRI Emeritus International Staff, 2012 to

present

Grant Singleton

Rodent Ecologist/Irrigated Rice ResearchConsortium CoordinatorCrop & Environmental Sciences Division

David Johnson

Weed Scientist/Consortium for Unfavorable Rice

Environment CoordinatorCrop & Environmental Sciences Division


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CAN MYANMAR DOWHAT

VIETNAM HAS DONE?Yes

NoMaybe?


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SEMINAR OVERVIEW

Prior to World War II Burma andIndochina were leading world riceexporters;

Vietnam after the fall of Saigon: Aroad map for Myanmaragriculture?

The situa

tion in Myanmar:Problematic but promising

IRRI prepares to help


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Trend in riceexports,1900-1940

Note: 1900-1940 source is Rose, 1985: Appendix to the riceeconomy of Asia


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Part I

VI


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Vietnam

0

5000

100

00

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

19

75

19

80

19

85

19

90

19

95

20

00Yea

Thousand

tons

DecreeNo.

100

DecreeNo.

10

Land

Law

Doi

Mo

i

Liberaliz

ation

ofmarkets

Wa

ter

Law


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Bach Nguu(2000)

Cau Sap(1996)

Thanh Tri(1995)

Cai Trau(1994)

My Phuoc(1994)

Mekong: conflict over fresh vs. brackishwater

Bac Lieu province

Saline water

Fresh water

Chu Chi(1997)

Lang Tram(1998)

Pho Sinh(1998)

Vinh My(1997)

Ca Mau(2000)


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1994 1998 1999 2000 2001

Rice 429 1024 1025 638 588

Seafood 551 858 971 1475 1800

Values in US$

million

Value and Unit Price of Exportsin Vietnam


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Trend in rice yield (t/ha), 1960-2011Vietnam and Myanmar


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IRRI and Myanmar

-the past decade and the prospects for

growthDavid Johnson, Grant Singleton March 2012


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Crop nutrition and productivity

LCC training in 2002, and (below)LCC critical values experiment ,Yezin, 2004

IRRC training course (2005)and (below) LCCdemonstration at extensioncamp 2004


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Crop establishment and weed control

Dry seasonyield gaps on

farmersfields with

better weedcontrol

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Hlegu Lepadan Pyay Tharawaddy P athein Myaungmya Kyaik lat t

Grain

Yield

IWM

Farm

I

from yield gap studies to farm demonstrations andfield schools


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Rodent research

2003-2006

1. Ecology, damage assessment, managementoptions

2. Assessed KAP of farmers (IntJPestMgmt54:69-76, 2008)

3. Two MSc, 4 PhD students (local universities)

2007 -2012

1. Study of rodent outbreak in Chin hills

2. Rodent outbreaks & cyclone Nargis: included

GIS modelling paper in press Pest


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AWD and aerobic riceMonywa ,Shwebo,(Sagaing)

Nyang U, (Mandalay)

Yezin, Nay Pyi Daw,(Mandalay)

Pyay, Bago ( West)

Myaung mya, Kyaulat,

Ayeyarwady

Since 200633 sites AWD; 18 sitesaerobic rice

Training /on-site briefings

with 180 staff; 480 farmers


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Postharvest Development

Delay in harvestingHigh physical losses on

farmImproper drying

No mechanical dryersPoor storage

Excessive qualitativeloss

2006

More than 330 flat beddryers

2011

Local storage bag

NGO PioneerPostharvest

development Group

IRRC Support Dryer

manufacturingtraining inVietnam

Capacity buildingat IRRI and inMyanmar

Hermetic storagepilots

Partners

MyanmarAgriculturalServices

Myanmar Riceand PaddyTraders

Association Pioneer

PostharvestDevelopmentGroup


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Drought-prone areas

State/Division Area (ha)

Mandalay 58482

Sagaing 45741

Magway 44868

Rakhine 39854

Bago (East) 35985

Bago (West) 28956

Total 253886

Source : 2004 2005 Annual Report ofMyanma Agriculture Service

O f l ti f t i f


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Yield (t/ha)Entry Nyaung done Myaung mya Kyaungkone Einmae Yezin

Swarna-Sub1 - 6.96 4.23 5.32 5.4

TDK1-Sub1 1.89 5.1 3.98 5.37 4.8

BR11-Sub1 1.84 4.17 4.54 3.79 3.8

Hnankar 3.08 - - - 3.8

Meegauk - 3.19 2.78 - -

On-farm evaluation of entries forsubmergence tolerance at five

locations

2.9 t of registered Swarna sub1seed distributed to 7 townships0.88 t foundation seed produced


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Promising lines for salt affected coastal andinland salinity areas - Myanmar

Yn 3220-MAS-77-2-8Yn 3220-MAS-62-2-4

Yn 3220-MAS-76-4-1

Yn 3220-MAS-108-2-3-1

IR 72046-B-R-4-3-2-1

IR 72044-B-R-22-3-1

IR 72593-B-B-2-11

Screening conducted 2008 todate

ngag ng a e po cy


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ngag ng a e po cy

level

Rice economyWorkshopNay Pyi Taw , 2007

Myanmar Agricultural ServicesStrategic planning for ricedevelopmentYangon, October 2005

Meeting with theMinister,Nay Pyi Taw, January,

2012,and his visit to IRRI

Rice and Climate ChangeNay Pyi Taw, February

2011


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developments


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Lower delta areas


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lower deltaLivelihoods & Food Security Trust

Fund (LIFT) IRRI to provide technical advice on rice

production Developed strong links with NGOs (e.g.

GRET, Mercy Corp, Welthungerhilfe,ACTED)

Collaborate with Bogale AgricultureTechnical Working Group (BATWG) inBogale & Mawlamyinegyun

Collaborate with Mercy Corp & LEAD inLaputta


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Outputs of LIFT-IRRI

1. Improved rice crop managementpractices demonstrated and new varieties

tested in three townships in the lower

delta2. Strengthened capacity of partners

including scientists and extension

personnel Advise on resource

management of current rice varieties


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Rice left in field after harvest of monsooncrop

Farmers leave bundles in field for 10-30days. Leads to 5-10% grain loss PLUS

loss in rice quality.

Diversification and intensification ofrice based systems in the

Ayeyarwady delta (ACIAR)


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Expected outputs are

Short- and medium-maturing, high-yielding rice varieties and cropmanagement options (rice-rice; rice-pulse) available to farmers to

increase cropping intensity of targetareas by 20%.

Postharvest options available to

farmers to improve their riceproductivity by at least 10%. Technology delivery pathways

identified via assessment of


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Application pending to UNDP: LIFT

GIS and ground study of incidenceand distribution of major stressesand soil types

Household studies at benchmarksites

Evaluation of technology options Guidelines & decision tools for

dissemination

Land use capability /

targetinggenotype x environment xmanagement (GEM)


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Overview Exciting developments By mid 2012 expect to have 3 IRS

permanently located in Myanmarplus 11 local staff

More calls from donors likely (e.g.SDC)

In 2012 further in-country

consultation on priorities for R&D &capacity?

Visit by DG and/or DDG-R to reinforce

IRRIs strategy for Myanmar


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CONCLUSIONS


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CONCLUSIONS

Vietnam s success has been due tomajor policy changes and institutionalreforms.

To a significant degree they followed

the road map of China statecapitalism and land reform.

Will Myanmar be able to make thenecessary institutional and policychanges that will allow agriculturalproductivity and the economy togrow. MAYBE over 10 to 20 years.

Dont forget that in 1965 there was a


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Trend in rice yield (t/ha), 1960-2011

irri seminar 2012 march barker singleton johnson

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