irrigation & its stakes an essential resource walid fekirim2pes 2009/02/26
TRANSCRIPT
Irrigation & its stakesIrrigation & its stakesIrrigation & its stakesIrrigation & its stakes
An essential resourceAn essential resourceAn essential resourceAn essential resource
Walid Fekiri M2PES2009/02/26
PresentationPresentation
Irrigation in the world Techniques of irrigation
Gravity systems Sprinkling Micro-Irrigation
Consequences of a mismanagement of irrigation The Aral Sea Circular irrigation in Algeria
Conclusion & Perspectives
Irrigation in the world Techniques of irrigation
Gravity systems Sprinkling Micro-Irrigation
Consequences of a mismanagement of irrigation The Aral Sea Circular irrigation in Algeria
Conclusion & Perspectives
Irrigation in the worldIrrigation in the world
70 % of the fresh water is used for the agriculture.
1/3 of world food-producing. In 30 years, a rise from 200 to 300 million of
hectares. An increase, particularly in Asia & Pacific.
70 % of the fresh water is used for the agriculture.
1/3 of world food-producing. In 30 years, a rise from 200 to 300 million of
hectares. An increase, particularly in Asia & Pacific.
Gravity SystemsGravity Systems
The easiest technique of irrigation
The most used in the world
Doesn’t need any energy Low Cost Sometimes, recharching
the aquifer
The easiest technique of irrigation
The most used in the world
Doesn’t need any energy Low Cost Sometimes, recharching
the aquifer
Very water-consuming Efficiency about 50 % A lot of water loss Problem of diseases
Very water-consuming Efficiency about 50 % A lot of water loss Problem of diseases
SprinklingSprinkling
Sprinkling consists of a reproduction of the rain
Careful management of water
Create a microclimate around plants
Efficiency about 70 %
Sprinkling consists of a reproduction of the rain
Careful management of water
Create a microclimate around plants
Efficiency about 70 % Important investment About 2000 € / ha
Wind Sensitive Evaporation sensitive Needs energy Needs specific materials
Important investment About 2000 € / ha
Wind Sensitive Evaporation sensitive Needs energy Needs specific materials
Micro-IrrigationMicro-Irrigation
Create a water bulb around roots
The Most technological techniques
Efficiency 90 % Great precision Careful management of
water resource
Create a water bulb around roots
The Most technological techniques
Efficiency 90 % Great precision Careful management of
water resource
Very Important Investment About 10 000 € / ha
Needs a specific materials
Problem of Soil pollution
Very Important Investment About 10 000 € / ha
Needs a specific materials
Problem of Soil pollution
Consequences of mismanagement:
The Aral Sea
Consequences of mismanagement:
The Aral Sea Situated between
Ouzbékistan & Kazakhstan
Area reduces about 75% from 1960 to 2004…
Supplied by 2 Rivers the Amou-Daria & the Syr-Daria.
Situated between Ouzbékistan & Kazakhstan
Area reduces about 75% from 1960 to 2004…
Supplied by 2 Rivers the Amou-Daria & the Syr-Daria.
Circular irrigation in Algeria
Circular irrigation in Algeria
At the gate of the desert. Irrigation by sprinkling pivot. Pumping in the deep aquifer. Irrigation permits a recharge of the superficial aquifer Hydrostatic level goes up Water becomes stagnant So water becomes unsalubrious. Problem with vegetables death and poor water quality.
At the gate of the desert. Irrigation by sprinkling pivot. Pumping in the deep aquifer. Irrigation permits a recharge of the superficial aquifer Hydrostatic level goes up Water becomes stagnant So water becomes unsalubrious. Problem with vegetables death and poor water quality.
Conclusion & PerpectivesConclusion & Perpectives
Irrigation very closed to: Economical stakes. Environmental stakes.
Better management of irrigation: Careful management of water resource Reduce water loss (wind, evaporation, percolation…
Globally better management of water resource: A very sensitive resource.
Irrigation very closed to: Economical stakes. Environmental stakes.
Better management of irrigation: Careful management of water resource Reduce water loss (wind, evaporation, percolation…
Globally better management of water resource: A very sensitive resource.
Thank you for your interest !!
Thank you for your interest !!