irw chapter 1
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Part One:Introduction to Reading and Writing
Chapter 1:An Overview of Active Reading
PowerPoint by Sarah Gilliam, Instructor of English
Mountain Empire Community College
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
In Concert:An Integrated Reading and Writing Approach
by Kathleen T. McWhorter
Chapter 1: An Overview of Active Reading
In this chapter, you will learn how to:
Goal 1
Goal 2
Goal 3
Goal 5
Goal 4
Read actively
Preview before reading
Form guide questions
Develop strategies for understanding what you read
Build your vocabulary through reading
Think criticallyGoal 6
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Passive readers are uninvolved with what they read.
What are some of the habits of passive readers?
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 1: Read Actively
Active readers are involved with what they are reading.
What are effective strategies for active readers?
Goal 1: Read Actively
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 2: Preview Before Reading
Previewing is familiarizing oneself with the organization and the content of a text before reading it.
Effective Strategies for Previewing:
Read the title and subtitle of the text
Check the author’s name
Read the introduction or first paragraph
Read each bolded heading
Read the first sentence under each heading
Note any charts, graphs, or pictures
Read the last paragraph or summary
Make predictions about the textCopyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 3: Form Guide Questions
Guide Questions are questions that a reader should be able to answer while reading a text or after reading a text.
Helpful Tip: Most students form guide questions mentally; however, it is best to write them down. Jot
them in the margins or a notebook while reading.
What are some effective strategies for creating guide questions?
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 3: Form Guide QuestionsHelpful Tip: When forming guide questions, use terms like “how,” “why,” and “what” to begin the questions. This avoids creating questions with “yes or no” answers.
Sample Headings:
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Heading
Advances in Medical Technology
U.S. Obesity Rates at All-Time High
The Importance of College Completion
Goal 4: Develop Strategies for Understanding What You Read
Create an idea map, a visual of the organization/content of a text.
Helpful Tip: Create the idea map while reading the text to
avoid re-reading and to allow content to stick in the mind.
Title
Thesis (main point of essay)
Topic Sentence (key idea)
Topic Sentence (key idea)
Topic Sentence (key idea)
Conclusion (or summary)
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 4: Develop Strategies for Understanding What You Read
Suggested Strategies for Approaching Difficult Readings:
Think about the time and place in which you are reading
Rephrase each paragraph in your own words
Read difficult sentences or sections aloud
Reread difficult or complicated sections
Read more slowly
Write a brief outline of major points (or idea map)
Highlight key ideas and terms
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 5: Build Your Vocabulary Through Reading
Question:
What should I do when I don’t know the meaning of a word?
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 6: Think Critically
Critical thinking means evaluating and reacting to what you read, rather than accepting everything as the truth. This often involves consulting various information sources for different perspectives.
Question:
How will thinking critically help me?
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 6: Think Critically
Reading Assignment Example
Critical Thinking Example
College Textbook Is the author trying to influence my opinion? What would make me think this?
Newspaper Article
Is the article telling the complete story? Are there sides of the story I am not getting to hear? Is the information from a reliable source? Where did it come from?
Advertisement What message is this ad sending? Who is the ad’s target audience? Why would someone purchase this product?
Critical Thinking Is Active Thinking:
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 1: Read ActivelyReview Questions
Which of the following is an effective strategy used by an active reader?
A. Highlight, take notes, and mark key vocabulary
B. Skim the headings, introductions, and conclusions for the topic before reading
C. Question ideas in the assignment
D. All of the above
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 1: Read ActivelyReview Questions
Which of the following is an effective strategy used by an active reader?
A. Highlight, take notes, and mark key vocabulary
B. Skim the headings, introductions, and conclusions for the topic before reading
C. Question ideas in the assignment
D. All of the above
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 1: Read ActivelyReview Questions
Which of the following is NOT a habit of a passive reader?
A. Accept whatever is in print to be the truth
B. Read without taking notes or highlighting
C. Analyze the purpose of a reading assignment
D. Check the length of an assignment before reading it
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 1: Read ActivelyReview Questions
Which of the following is NOT a habit of a passive reader?
A. Accept whatever is in print to be the truth
B. Read without taking notes or highlighting
C. Analyze the purpose of a reading assignment
D. Check the length of an assignment before reading it
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 2: Preview Before ReadingReview Questions
1. True or False?
Reviewing the bolded heading of a text is an effective previewing strategy.
2. True or False?
Reading the first and last paragraph of a selection is not previewing.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 2: Preview Before ReadingReview Questions
1. True or False?
Reviewing the bolded heading of a text is an effective previewing strategy.
Answer: True
2. True or False?
Reading the first and last paragraph of a selection is not previewing.
Answer: FalseCopyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 3: Form Guide Questions
Review Questions
Discuss:
Why are “yes or no” questions not effective as guide questions?
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 3: Form Guide Questions
Review QuestionsDiscuss:
Why are “yes or no” questions not effective as guide questions?
Answer:
“Yes or no” questions are ineffective guide questions because they provide little to no explanation as to the meaning of the reading selection. These types of questions do not answer the “why, who, when, where, and how” of the reading, which are essential questions in critical thinking.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 4: Develop Strategies for Understanding What You Read
Review QuestionsWhich of the following should an idea map for a reading selection NOT outline?
A. Thesis (main point)
B. Introduction and Conclusion
C. Topic Sentences
D. Someone else’s thoughts about the passage
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 4: Develop Strategies for Understanding What You Read
Review QuestionsWhich of the following should an idea map for a reading selection NOT outline?
A. Thesis (main point)
B. Introduction and Conclusion
C. Topic Sentences
D. Someone else’s thoughts about the passage
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 4: Develop Strategies for Understanding What You Read
Review QuestionsWhich of the following would be an effective strategy for understanding a reading?
A. Reading a difficult passage only one time.
B. Reading a homework assignment while the TV is on and the kids are playing.
C. Putting each difficult passage/paragraph in your own words.
D. Reading a difficult passage quickly.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 4: Develop Strategies for Understanding What You Read
Review QuestionsWhich of the following would be an effective strategy for understanding a reading?
A. Reading a difficult passage only one time.
B. Reading a homework assignment while the TV is on and the kids are playing.
C. Putting each difficult passage/paragraph in your own words.
D. Reading a difficult passage quickly.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 5: Build Your Vocabulary Through ReadingReview Questions
Which of the following would NOT be an effective strategy for determining the meaning of a word?
A. Determine if the word has a recognizable prefix or suffix.
B. Make an educated guess.
C. Use context clues to determine meaning.
D. Look up the word in a dictionary.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 5: Build Your Vocabulary Through ReadingReview Questions
Which of the following would NOT be an effective strategy for determining the meaning of a word?
A. Determine if the word has a recognizable prefix or suffix.
B. Make an educated guess.
C. Use context clues to determine meaning.
D. Look up the word in a dictionary.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 6: Think CriticallyReview Questions
Which of the following would NOT be a critical thinking strategy?
A. Accepting a written passage as the truth.
B. Questioning an author’s viewpoint.
C. Doing research to see other perspectives on a topic.
D. Questioning the reliability of an author’s references.
Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Goal 6: Think CriticallyReview Questions
Which of the following would NOT be a critical thinking strategy?
A. Accepting a written passage as the truth.
B. Questioning an author’s viewpoint.
C. Doing research to see other perspectives on a topic.
D. Questioning the reliability of an author’s references.
Copyright @ 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.