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है”ह”ह

IS 11859 (2004): Agricultural Tractors - Turning andClearance Diameters - Methods of Test [FAD 11: AgriculturalTractors and Power Tillers]

IS 11859:2004

Vtterr m

Indian Standard

AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS —TURNING AND CLEARANCE DIAMETERS —

METHODS OF TEST

( First Revision)

ICS 65.060.10

0 BIS 2004

BUREAU OF IN DIANS-TANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

S(preJJdxJ. 2004 Price Group 3

Agricultural Tractors and Power Tillers Sectional-Committee, FAD 32

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalizedby the Agricultural Tractors and Power Tillers Sectional Committee had been lpproved by the Food andAgriculture Division Council.

Turning and clearance diameter of agricultural tractors are important parameters which an operator should knowwhile operating a tractor. This standard has been published to illustrate detailed method of test for determinationof these diameters.

This standard was first published in 1986 and was based on ISO 789-3: 1982 ‘Agricultural tractors — Testprocedures — Part 3 : Turning and clearance diameter’ issued by the International Organization forStandardization (1S0). With the revision of1S0789-3 in 1993, it has been decided to revise this standard also.

In reporting the result of a test, made in accordance with this standard,if the final value, observed or calculated,is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS 2: 1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values(revised)’.

IS 11859:2004

Indian Standard

AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS —TURNING AND CLEARANCE DIAMETERS —

METHODS OF TEST

( First Revision)

1 SCOPE

This standard specifies a method of determining theturning and clearance diameters of wheeledagricultural tractors.

It applies to wheeled agricultural tractors having atleast two axles fitted with pneumatic tyres.

2 REFERENCE

The standard given below contains provisions whichthrough reference in this text, constitutes provisions ofthis standard. At the time of publication, the editionindicated was valid. All standards are subject torevision and parties to agreements based on thisstandard are encouraged to investigate the possibilityof applying the most recent edition of the standardindicated below:

IS No. Title

12363:1988 Recommendation on track width ofagricultural tractors

3 DEFINITIONS

For the purposes of this standard, the followingdefinitions shall apply.

3.1 Agricultural Tractor — Self-propelled wheeledmachine having at least two axles, particularlydesigned to pull, push, carry and operate implementsused for agricultural work (including forestry work),which may be provided with a detachable loadingplatform.

3.2 Track (Tread) of Wheeled Tractor — Distanceat ground level between two vertical planes passingthrough the centreline of ground contact of the tyresparallel to the median plane of the tractor with thewheels in the straight ahead position (see Fig. 1).

In the case of dual wheels it is the distance at groundlevel between two planes passing through thecentreline of the dual wheels.

3.3 Wheel Base — Distance at ground level betweentwo vertical planes passing through the centres of thefront wheels and the rear wheels with tractor andwheels in the same straight ahead position (seeFig. 1).

In the case of a tractor equipped with a rear tandem, itis the distance between two vertical planes passingthrough the centres of the front wheel and the verticalplane midway between the wheel centres of the twoaxles of the tandem.

3.4 Turning Diameter — Diameter of the circularpath described by the centre of tyre contact with thesurface of the test site of the wheel describing thelargest circle when the tractor is executing its sharpestpossible turn under the test conditions described in 5($ee Fig. 2).

3.5 Clearance Diameter — Diameter of the smallestcircle which will enclose the outermost points ofprojection of the tractor and its equipment whileexecuting its sharpest possible turn (see Fig. 2).

4 APPARATUS

4.1 Tape Measures, of length greater than the turningand clearance diameters to be measured, having atolerance within i 0.5 percent.

4.2 Plumb-Line, if required, for measuring clearancediameters.

5 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

5.1 Test Area

The test area shall be a compacted or paved dry surfaceaffording good tyre adhesion, capable of displayinglegible markings, and resistant to defacement byturning machines. The test surface shall be visuallyflat, with no more than 3 percent grade in anydirection.

5.2 Tractor Test Requirements

5.2.1 Tyre and Wheel Equipment

The tractor to be tested shall be in its operating state,and the attachments with which it is equipped and theirpositions shall be noted.

The tyre, wheel and fender equipment shall be thatcommonly used in the country for which the tractor isintended, that is as specified by the manufacturer, andshall be stated in the test report. Generally dual

IS 11859:2004

1- WHEELBASEA

FIG. 1 TRACK (TREAD) AND WHEELBASEOF WHEELEDTRACTOR

wheeled tractors or tractors with added ballast shouldrtot be tested unless it is the only specificationpresented by the manufacturer. Tyre pressures, tractorballast and use of duals on front or rear shall be

recorded in the test report. If steering and/or axleoscillation stops and fenders are part of standardequipment then these shall be positioned according tothe manufacturer’s instructions. All the tyres shall beinflated to the pressure specified by the manufacturerfor transport work. The inflation pressure of tyres ofsame axle shall be ensured to be equal,

5.2.2 Track (Tread) Setting

Measurement of turning and clearance diameter maybe made with standard track settings as specified bythe manufacturer (see IS 12363). Additionalmeasurements may be made at other track settings, ifrequested by the manufacturer as optional.

5.2.3 Other Settings

Tractors which have all wheels steerable, or whichincorporate devices for disconnecting either or bothaxles, shall be tested in each operating condition inwhich the tractor is intended to be used.

Results shall be recorded for each operating condition.

Tractors which have more than one powered axle, andwhich have devices for disconnecting the power to anyof the axles, shall be tested in each operating conditionin which the tractor is intended to be used.

Results shall be recorded for each operating condition.

6 PROCEDURE

6.1 Right-Hand Turn, Without Brakes

6.1.1 Drive the tractor slowly forward while makingits sharpest possible right-hand turn, that is, with thesteering kept on full right-hand lock, at a speed not

2

IS 11859:2004

A /

13G.2 TRACTOR TURNING CONFIGURATIONS

exceeding 2 km/h for at least one complete turn, untilit is established that the minimum turning circle isbeing described.

6.1.2 Continue todrive thetractor slowly forwardonthe same lock for a further complete turn, at a speednot exceeding 2 km/h. At short regular intervalsaround the turn, mark on the ground those poirrtscoinciding with the centre of the tyre-to-groundcontact area of the outermost wheel. Make the marksimmediately behind this contact area and determinethe position of each mark by visually projectingvertically downwards from the centre of the tyre treadwidth at points on the tyre circumference situated asclose as possible to the ground.

The marking may be done with or without stopping thetractor. The broken circle formed by the marks on theground is the turning circle.

6;1.3 During -the turn described in 6.1.2, stop thetractor and drop a plumb-line to the ground from theoutermost point of the tractor (that is, form the pointof the tractor describing the largest circle). Clearlymark the point on the ground beneath the plumb-line:this point lies on the tractor clearance circle.

6.1.4 Measure the diameter of the turning circle(see 6.1.2) at a minimum of three places spaced

approximately equally around the circle. Calculatethe average value of the diameter measured and reportit as the minimum turning diameter, right-hand,without brakes. Alternatively, the diameter of theturning circle may be calculated as shown in Fig. 3 andreported in the same way.

6.1.5 Measure and record the radial distance betweenthe point on the tractor clearance circle (see 6.1.3) andthe circumference of the tractor turning circle(see 6.1.2). Add twice this dimension to the minimumturning diameter and report the result as the minimumclearance diameter, right-hand, without brakes.

6.2 Left-Hand Turn, Without Brakes

Repeat the procedures described in 6.1 with the tractordriven forward while making its sharpest possibleleft-hand turn, that is, with the string kept on fullleft-hand lock. Report the results as the ‘minimumturning/clearance diameter, left-hand, withoutbrakes’.

6.3 Right-Hand Turn, with Brakes

Where applicable, repeat the procedure describedin 6.1 with the inside non-steered wheel brake appliedwith a pedal effort sufficient to lock the wheel, subjectto a maximum of 60 daN.

3

IS 11859:2004

2’UIC

D = 42 (A2 B2 + A2C2 -t B2C2) - (A4 + d + d)

FIG. 3 CALCULATION OF DIAMETERSFROMMEASUREMENTSBETWEENTHREE

APPROXIMATELY EQUALLY SPACEDCIRCUMFERENCEPOINTS

Report the results as the minimum turning/clearance e) Wheelbase, in mm;diameter, right-hand, with brakes. f) Front and rear track (tread) widths of the

6.4 Left-Hand Turn, with Brakestractor, in mm;

g) Minimum turning diameters and the mini-

Where applicable, repeat the procedure describedmum clearance d~ameters, in metres, to twodecimal places, as follows:in 6.3 with the tractor making its sharpest possible

left-hand turn, that is, with the steering kep~ on full 1) Right-hand turn without brakes;left-hand lock. 2) Left-hand turn without brakes, and, if

applicable;Report the results as the minimum turning/clearance 3) Right-hand turn with brakes;diameter, left-hand, with brakes. 4) Left-hand turn with brakes; and

7 TEST REPORT 5) Additional test conditions, if appropriate(see 5.2.3);

A suitable test report form is given in Annex A. The h) Point of the tractor that determines the mini-~est report shall include the following information: mum clearance diameter, that is, one of

a) Name and address of the manufacture points A to G in Fig. 2. The points shown in

b) Type and model of tractoq Fig. 2 are only for guidance and the actual

c) Tractor ballast and front fender installation; points noted during the test should be

d) Tyre sizes and pressures, in kPa; recorded.

ANNEX A

(C/az4se 7)

SPECIMEN TEST REPORT

A-1 TRACTOR

Manufacturer’s name and address:

Tractor make : Model: Date of test:

Mass of tractor submitted for test: kg

Description of ballast:

A-2 TRACT (TREAD) SETTING

Nominal Actual front Actual rear Wheelbase

mm mm mm mm

mm mm mm mm

A-3 DRIVE WHEELS

Two wheel (rear):

Four wheel (equal front and rear): (unequal front and rear):

Fenders (front): Yes/No

Oscillation stop position:

A-4 TYRES AND WHEELS

Front Rear

Tyre size:

Singles or duals:

Tyre pressure: kPa kpa

Wheel type:

5

IS 11859: 2(304

A-5 TURNING AND CLEARANCE DIAMETERS

NOTE — The point of the tractor which determines clearance diameter (A to G) is shown in Fig. 2.

Track Minimum Turning Diameter Minimum Clearance Diameter

(tread)Nominal

With brakes Without brakes With brakes Without brakes

Left Right Left Right Left Right Left Right

Comments:

Measured by:

6

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Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewedperiodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes areneeded; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards

should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards: Monthly Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : ‘No. FAD 32(1187).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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