Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

इंटरनेट मानक

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”Jawaharlal Nehru

“Step Out From the Old to the New”

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार”Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan

“The Right to Information, The Right to Live”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता है”Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam

“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

है”ह”ह

IS 15071 (2002): Chemical Protective Clothing Specification[CHD 8: Occupational Safety, Health and Chemical Hazards]

Is 15071:2002=---,’

f

*m ~‘.

P.$

-mmdh~—m )

Indian Standard

!

,,.‘i!,,1,,~:h.CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING — i

SPECIFICATION[:

ICS 13.340.10

@BIS2002

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

Jzwze2002 Price Group 8

----

+-4

lndustrid Safety Sectional Committee, CHD 08

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the IndustrialSafety Sectional Committee had been approved by the Chemical Division Council.

Increased use of chemicals, phenomenal growth of process industries, and introduction of more complex andhazardous processes result in enhanced potential of chemical exposure. Engineering measures are the mostpreferred method to preventicontrol exposure to hazardous chemicals. However, many times, as the last line ofdefence, personal protective equipment are relied upon to control chemical exposure of personnel. Chemicalprotective clothing is one of the key personal protective equipment for this purpose.

Protective clothing comes in a wide range of types and materials, depending on the hazard to which one is likelyto be exposed in the work environment.

The primary function of protective clothing is to prevent, or reduce to an acceptable level, the exposure of theskin to a chemical hazard. Type and extent of chemical hazard, necessity for additional protections such as eyeor respiratory protection, expected duration of exposure are some of the key aspects considered before selectingthe protective clothing. Operations such as work with highly toxic chemicals, handling of hazardous chemicals,emergency operations, etc, may require full-body protective clothing. Based on these considerations, selectionof garment, selection of material of construction and selection of design should be made.

There is no 1S0 standard on this subject. Assistance has been derived from BS 7184:1989 ‘Recommendations forselection, use and maintenance of chemical protective clothing’ in developing this standard.

The composition of the Committee responsible for the formulation of this standard is given in Annex F.

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance withIS 2:1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in therounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

., ‘,

----

I

CHEMICAL

1 SCOPE

IS 15071:2002

Indian Standard

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING —SPECIFICATION

This standard provides requirements and methods ofsampling and tests for chemical protective clothing.It also gives guidance for the selection of clothingintended to protect the skin against contact withchemicals and prescribes the basic requirements forthe fabric.

2 REFERENCES

The Indian Standards given below contain provisions,which through reference in this text, constituteprovisions of this standard. At the time of publication,the editions indicated were valid. All standards aresubject to revision, and parties to agreements basedon this standard are encouraged to investigate thepossibility of applying the most recent editions ofthe standards indicated below:

IS No. Title

1964:2001 Textile~Methods for determination ofmass per unit length and mass per unitarea of fabrics (second revision)

1969:1985 Methods for determination of breakingload and elongation of woven textilefabric (second revision)

6359:1971 Method for conditioning of textiles

3 TERMINOLOGY

For the purpose of this standard the followingdefinitions shall apply.

3.1 Air-Impermeable Materials

Materials through which permanent gases cannotpass except by undergoing a process of solution.

3.2 Air-Permeable Materials

Materials having pores or apertures that allow thetransmission of air.

3.3 Breakthrough Time

The elapsed time between the initial application of achemical to the appropriate surface of the materialand its subsequent presence on the other side of thematerial.

3.4 Chemical Hazard

The potential of a chemical to cause harm to the humanbody by contact with the skin.

3.5 Chemical Protective Clothing

A garment which covers or replaces personal clothing,and which is designed to provide protection against oneor more chemicals.

3.6 Chemical Resistance

Chemical protective clothing’s ability to withstandspecific chemicals under a wide range of environmentalconditions.

3.7 Garment

An individual item of protective clothing, the wearing ofwhich affords protection to the skin against exposure toor contact with chemicals.

NOTE — For the purpose of this standard, gloves and bootsare treated as garments.

3.8 Gas-Tight Suit

A one-piece garment with hood, gloves and boots which,when worn with self-contained or compressed air-linebreathing apparatus, affords the wearer a high degree ofprotection against harmfhl liquids, dusts and gaseousor vapour contaminants.

3.9 Hazard

Situation which can be the cause of harm or damage tothe health of human body. There are different types ofhazards, for example, mechanical hazards, chemicalhazards, fire hazards, temperature hazards, radiationhazards, biological hazards, ergonomic stresses, etc.

3.10 Penetration

The passage of chemicals, in any physical form, from theoutside of the clothing to the inside via essentialopenings, fastenings, seams, overlaps between items,pores and any imperfections in the materials ofconstruction.

3.11 Permeation

A combined process of molecular diffusion of a chemicalthrough a solid material forming the whole or part ofclothing and its resorption into a specified medium.Permeation is determined in terms of Permeation Rateand Breakthrough Time.

3.12 Permeation Rate

The rate at which a chemical permeates through theprotective material. It is expressed as mg.cm- ‘.min-’ or/Q.cm-*.mil-’.

1

/ i’!

IS 15071:2002

3.13 Total Protection Suit

Chemical protective suit combining eye/face protection,respiratory protection, hand protection, bodyprotection, leglfeet protection into one full-bodycovering.

4 TYPES

The protective clothing shall be classified into thefollowing four types based on the breakthrough timeas indicated in Table 1 and when tested in accordancewith Annex A.

Table 1 Classification Based on BreakthroughTime in Relation to Type of Application

Type Breakthrough Action if ApplicationTime Contaminated

(1) (2) (3) (4)

I Over 6 h Wash off/clean Long termat the end of continuouswork period exposure

2 2t06h Wash off/clean at the Routine tasksend of work period

3 12 min to Wash off/clean Short term2h immediately protection

4 up to 12 Remove as soon Emergencymin as possible use/disposable

garments only

5 REQUIREMENT

5.1 Material

5.1.1 Chemical protective suits shall be made from afabric (treated cotton or artificial tibre) coated withsynthetic elastomers like neoprene, styrenes, butadienerubber, etc. The coating shall be free from pinholes andthere shall be no exposed textile on the surface thatcould provide a path for liquid penetration by wicking.Some of the primary construction materials of totalprotection suits are given in Table 2 for guidance.

Table 2 Primary Construction Materials of TotalProtection Suits for Chemicals

Layer 1 Layer 2 Layer 3

(1) (2) (3)

Butyl Nylon ButylButyl Polyester ChloropreneChloroprene Nylon —

Pvc Nylon —

Pvc Polyester —

Pvc Nylon Pvc

NOTES

1 The primary construction materials are described withthe external surface first (layer 1) and surface facing thewearer last (layer 3).

2 Unsupported laminated PVC films are also used for makingthese suits, but as the possibility of accidentally puncturingor tearing such films is greater than for a textile basedmaterial, they are less suitable for high risk applications andtotal protection suits. Generally, such unsupported plasticsfilm or rubber sheet is used to construct aprons or similargarments, especially clothing designated as disposable.

2

5.2 Fabric

5.2.1 The fabric used for the protection clothing shallbe as given in Table 3.

Table 3 Specification for Chemical Protection SuitFabric

SINo.

(1)

O

ii)

iii)

Characteristic Requirement

(2) (3)

Mass per area 300g/m2, MinBreaking strength,kg/cm2, A4ina) warp direction 12b) weft direction 8Dimensional change, dueto cleaning, in percenta) lengthwise *3b) bresdthwise *3

Test MethodRef to

~

(4) (5)

1964 —

3322 —

. Annex B

5.2.2 When observed with naked eye, the material shallnot show any sign of cracking due to weathering effector when exposed to corrosive chemicals.

5.2.3 Reliable chemical resistance test data shall beobtained from the manufacturer before selection of thefabric. A general chemical-resistance selection data shallprovide information on permeation of the chemicalsagainst which its use is recommended. Such permeationdata shall contain breakthrough time (in hours) andpermeation rate (in ~g. cm-z.min-’).

6

NOTE — Permeation by chemicals — Even without anysurface flaws or holes, coatings can absorb certain chemicals,which are thus able to diffuse by permeation through thematerial. This process proceeds broadly in three stages:

a) initial absoqtion of the chemical by the polymer filmor coating;

b) solution of the chemical in the polymer film or coating

c) resorption from the opposite surface of the materialinto the internal environment of the garment.

Annex A gives a method of test for the determination ofbreakthrough time and for the amounts of chemicalspermeating thereafter. In selection of the protectivegarment material the results of such tests should beconsidered. Having got the permeation data the risk ofchemicals coming into contact with the skin when air-impcrmeable protective clothing is worn may be minimizedby following the actions indicated in Table 1. Typicalpermeation data for various glove materials are given inTables 4 and 5.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

6.1 General

6.1.1 The materials and components of protectiveclothing shall not be known to adversely affect thewearer.

6.1.2 Parts of the protective clothing that can comeinto contact with the user shall be free of roughness,sharp edges and projections that could cause irritationor injuries.

.- ---

>

9 A

IS 15071:2002 -

6.1.3 The threads shall be of same chemical resistantmaterial or of equivalent material.

6.2 Size and Design

6.2.1 Adequate size range shall be provided so as toenable protective clothing to be adapted to themorphology of the user. The size and design of theclothing shall be as agreed between the purchaser andthe supplier.

6.2.2 The control dimensions for protective clothingshall be height, chest or bust girth and waist girth,

6.2.3 The size designation of each garment shallcomprise with at least two control dimensions inmillimetres. These two control dimensions shall beeithec

a) height and chest or bust girth, orb) height and the waist girth.

NOTE — These control dimensions should be designated asranges expressed in millimetres. A range interval of 60 mmfor height and 40 mm for chest or bust girth and waist girthare recommended.

6.2.4 Where applicable, protective clothing designshall take into account other items of protectiveclothing or equipment which must be worn to form anoverall protective ensemble. The same level ofprotection shall be provided at interface areas, such assleeve to glove, trouser, cuff and hood.

6.3 Seam Strength

6.3.1 Seams shall be so constructed and sealed (byA

using a double overlap type of seam or other appropriatedesign) to prevent penetration of liquid through stitchholes or, by penetration or permeation, through othercomponents of the seam. The performance of the seamin these respects shall not be inferior to that of thematerial from which it is made.

6.3.2 The seam strength of the garment shall not beless than 185 N (19 kgf) at the load bearing seams andshall not be less than 135 N (14 kgf) at other seamswhen tested in accordance with the procedureprescribed in Annex C.

6.4 Pockets

Pockets weaken the resistance of the base fabric at theseams, present the risks of snagging, and may collectspih or splashed chemicals. Thus garments designedto protect against serious hazards shall not have anyexternal pockets.

6.5 Fastenings

Since fastenings (zip fasteners, etc) are weak points,care shall be taken, particularly in high performancegarments, in the design (placement of fastenings,covering flaps, overlaps) to ensure adequate sealing.All fasteners shall be able to withstand the cleaningoperations used on the garment.

Table 4 Solvent Breakthrough Time (in Hours) for Various Glove Materials(Clauses 5.2.3 and6.7)

Solvent Glove Material

(1)

Carbon tetrachlorideChloroformMethylene chlorideMethyl iodide1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-

ethane1,1,2-trichloroethanePerchloroethyleneMethanolEthanol2-propanolN-butanolBenzeneTolueneAnilinePhenolAcetoneMethyl ethyl ketoneTetrahydrofuranDimethyl sulfoxideDimethyl formamidePyridineDioxaneN-hexaneWater

“ NaturalRubber

(2)

0.01-0.050.01-0.100.03-0.050.03-0.35

0.02<0.02–0. 10.02-60.02->80.02->80.02- 1.20.01-0.180.01-0.680.25->80.27->80.02->30.02-0.170.02-0.110.02->60.25-0.110.03-0.430.08-0.450.08

Neoprene

(3)

0.03-0.50.01-0.360.01-0.220.01-0.280.09->1

0.120.10-0.800.25->81-12.6>1.>64->80.02-3.10.02-0.520.25->80.35->80.04->10.04-2.80.02-2.5<0.01->80.02->60.03-0.630,09- 1.80.06-3.3.

Neoorene +Natu~l Rubber

(4)

0.08 ->1.00.05-0.110.03-0.070.03-0.090.15

.0.05-0.300.10- 1.10.17->10.10-0.830.25- 1.20.050.07-0.200.09->6>60.05-0.430.08-0.100.02-0.060.7.>60.25-0.770.14-0.230.10-0.30>0.08—

Nltrlle

(5)

0.070.07-0.30 -’0.03-0.150.01-0.130.22- 1.2

0.030.22-7.30.18-3.2>1->8>6>60.07- 1.00.13- 1.20.30-5.40.53->80.07-0.300.06-0.33<0.01-0.28<0.01->40.02->50.09-0.250.28-1.1>1->8—

Pvc

(6)1->80.010.01-0.200.020.01-0.10

0.03<0.01-0.750.02-60.03-0.330.5->30.42-3<0.01 -0.5<0.01-0.470.05->160.05- 1.3cO.02-O.300.02-0.270.01-0.100.05- 1.00.23- 1.00.020.01-0.110.20-0.42

:..

PVA -

(7) ‘

0.01-0.66>3~60.28->8>8>8

0.25–>80.35->160.02-0.041.67—

0.5->80.05->330.02->25>1.>]6>60.07->40.10-74.7—

0.08-0.370.52>16>6—

3

J IS 15071:2002

Table 5 Solvent Permeation Rates (in pg.cm-2.min-’) Through Glove Materials

(Clauses 5.2.3 and6.8)

Solvent Glove Material

(1)

Carbon tetrachlorideChloroformMethylene chlorideMethyl iodide1,1,2,2 -tetrachloro-

ethane1,1,2-trichloroethanePerch loroethyleneMethanolEthanol2-propanolN-butanolBenzeneTolueneAnilinePhenolAcetoneMethyl ethyl ketoneTetrahydrofuranDimethyl sulfoxideDimethyl formamidePyridineDioxaneN-hexane

*r \

Natural Neoprene Neoprene + Nitrile Pvc PVARubber Natural Rubber

(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

2664 1036 3858 22 967 37856 3227 5711 6079 12606 —

4529 2360 1 348 4269 831210794

14896 8917 7976 — —

2765 1 173 3206 2204 3466 —

— — — — 1 236 —2222 770 995 72 516 5

32 15 11 77 30 54512 3 4 5 24 304 5 4 5 24 30

15 5 I — 18 492 185 545 1 739 549 2037 121 579 1 439 1 803 478 2030 85

13 7 15 215 75 —17 25 — 283 I 04 —

330 243 96 2066 340 37746 641 432 1 546 721 3

11 202 6456 16699 2650 — 378 30 4 78 102 —

298 97 126 120 138 716621 732 350 3266 — 402300 345 224 770 2793 —751 130 — 284 180 .

— 1 — — —Water —

6.6 Air-Tightness

The loss of pressure due to leaks shall not exceed20mm H20 (hnrnI+O=10N/m20r10Pa) in a pxiod of6 rein, when the suit is tested in accordance withAnnex D.

6.7 Breakthrough Time

The chemicalprotective clothing of different types shallconform to the requirements given in Table 1.However,breakthrough time for different materials have also beengiven in Table 4 for guidance.

6.8 Liquid Permeation Rate

The liquid permeation rate for chemical protectiveclothing of different types shall conform to therequirements as agreed to between the purchaser andthe supplier. The liquid permeation rate for differentmaterials has also been given in Table 5 for guidance.

7 MARKING

7.1 Each piece of protective clothing shall be markedon the product itself or on label attached to the productso as to be visible, legible and durable to the appropriatenumber of cleaning process.

The protective clothing shall be marked with thefollowing details:

a)b)

NamqTrade-mark or other means of identification of themanufacturer; and

c) A size tag speci~ing the chest or bust girthand height shall be positioned inside thegarment sewn in the collar seam.

7.2 The marking shall also include the designationof the product or base material type and commercialname. Washing or cleaning instructions shall be givenon the label.

7.3 The marking ink shall be non-irritating to skinand shall not impair the quality of the protectiveclothing.

7.4 BIS Certification Marking

The chemical protective clothing may also be markedwith the Standard Mark.

7.4.1 The use of the standard mark is governed bythe provisions of the Bureau of Indian StandardsAct, 1986and Rules and Regulations made thereunder.The details of conditions under which the licence forthe use of the Standard Mark may be granted tomanufacturers or producers may be obtained fromthe Bureau of Indian Standards.

8 PACKING

The suits shall be dusted with talc and packedindividually in PVC covers.

9 SELECTION

Selection of the chemical protective clothing shall bein accordance with Annex E.

.=4

----

4

IS 15071:2002

ANNEXA ‘(Clauses 4,5.2.3,6.7and 6.8)

PROCEDURE TO DETERMINE BREAKTHROUGH TIME AND PERMEATION RATE

A-1 PRINCIPLE

The test specimen acts as a barrier between onecompartment of the permeation test cell containing thetest liquid and the other compartment through which astream of carrier gas or liquid is passed for the collectionof diffused molecules of the test liquid or its componentchemicals for analysis.

The mass of the test liquid or its component chemicalsin the collecting medium is determined as fimction oftime after application to the test specimen. From thegraph of mass of the test liquid vs time, the breakthroughtime and the steady state permeation rate after thebreakthrough time are determined.

A-2 REAGENTS

A-2.1 Gaseous Collecting Medium

Either dry air or a dry, non-flammable inert gas. Thisgas is used, under continuous flow conditions, for thecollection of diffused molecules from the test liquidcapable of vaporizing under the conditions of the testin sufficient quantities for analysis.

A-2.2 Liquid Collecting Medum

Either water or another liquid which does not influencethe resistance of the test specimen to permeation. ‘l%isliquid is used, under continuous flow conditions, forthe collection of diffused molecules of low volatilitythat are soluble in the collecting medium under theconditions of the test in sufficient quantities foranalysis.

A-3 APPARATUS

A-3.1 Permeation CeU

This comprises two flanged compartments that can bebolted together to forma cylinder. The dimensions areas shown in Fig. 1. The upper compartment forcontainment of the test liquid is fitted with a loosecover to avoid build-up of pressure and preventexcessive contamination of the immediate environmentwhen volatile chemicals are under test.

The lower compartment or flow compartment is ofsimilar overall dimensions but has pipe-work to allowgas or liquid to circulate freely at the designated rateswithout build-up of pressure. The internal dimensionsof the flow-through compartment and its pipe-work(internaldiameter 4.5 mm) are critical to the@onnanceof the test.

The permeation cell and pipe-work shall be made ofinert materials. Brass apparatus is generally suitable

for permeation tests by the gas-flow technique andPTFE or glass by the liquid-flow technique.

A-3.2 Temperature ControUed Room or Waterbath

To mOaintaina constant temperature to a toleranceof+ 1 C over the period of test.

A-3.3 Equipment for Supply of Gaseous CollectionMedium

This comprises compressed gas supply (for example,dry air, helium or nitrogen) complete with regulator,flow meter and pipe-work for connection to the inlet ofthe flow compartment of the permeation cell. The rateof flowshallbe 520 ● 52 rnllmin in the direction indicatedin Fig. 1 (This is equivalent to approximately 30compartment volume changes per minute).

The gas shall not be recirculated through the cell.

The required rate of flow maybe obtained either bysuitable control of the gas pressure at the inlet to thepermeation cell or by providing a pump at the outletfrom the analyzer. These alternate configurations areshown in Fig. 2. The choice of cofifiguration is generallydetermined by the method of collection and/or detectionof the test liquid or its component chemicals.

A-3.4 Equipment for Supply of Liquid CollectingMedium

This comprises liquid flow pump complete withregulator, flow meter and pipe-work for connection tothe inlet of the flow compartment of the permeationcell. The rate of flow shall be 206 * 21 ml/min in thedirection indicated in Fig. 1 (This is equivalent toapproximately 12 compartment volume changes perminute).

The materials of construction of the equipment are suchthat no parts of the pump, associated pipe-work andflow meter shall contaminate the liquid to be passedthrough the flow compartment of the permeation cell.

The collecting liquid shall not be recirculated throughthe permeation cell.

A-3.5 Equipment for Measurement of Mass of TestLiquid or its Component Chemicals in Gas or LiquidCoUecting Medium

This may include instruments responding directly tochanges in concentration in the stream of gas or liquid,or may include absorbers and sampling equipmentassociated with specific analytical procedures.

The analytical system should, where possible, have aminimum sensitivity for the selected component

5

,. .

Is 15071 :2002

chemicals of 1 pg/min/cm2 of exposed specimen. Themaximum response time should be 60 s. Whateverapparatus is coupled to the permeation cell to measureconcentrations in the collecting medium, the pressureand flow of the collecting medium within the permeationcell should be maintained constant.

A-3.6 Stop Watch

This should be capable of measuring to the nearestsecond.

A-4 TEST SPECIMENS

A-4.1 Selection

From a flat sample of the material submitted for the testcut from the same location a minimum of 3 testspecimens of the same diameter as the flange of thepermeation cell, avoiding as far as possible any obviousperforations, surface defects or pinholes.

The testing of 3 similar specimens is intended toestablish the test method has been carried out correctly,as defined in A-5.

If permeation testing is to be used to establish theuniformity of quality in a larger area of test material, forexample, a roll of sheet, then an appropriate statisticalsampling technique should be used. In this case,3 samples should be tested from each sampling site todemonstrate consistency of the permeation test.

When defects in the test specimens maybe such as toallow gross quantity of the test liquid to pass into theflow compartment, due account should be taken of thepotential consequences of overloading the analyticaldetection equipment.

A-4.2 Preparation of Test Specimens

Use o template to mark on the test specimen thepositions of the bolts used to clamp the two halves ofthe cell together. Cut circular holes to allow the bolts topass freely through the test specimens when placedbetween the two halves of the permeation cells.

A-5 PROCEDURE

A-5.1 Preparation of Apparatus

Mount the test specimen between the two halves ofthe permeation cell. Ensure that the surface of the testspecimen corresponding to the outer surface when inuse is uppermost in the cell, facing the compartmentused to contain the test liquid. Check that the testspecimen is not under tension when laid in positionover the bolts. Tighten the bolts to obtain a leak tightassembly.

Where appropriate, take precautions to avoidtransference of liquid from the top to the undersurfaceof the test specimen. These precautions apply inparticular if, for example, the top surface acts as a wick

and the under surface is rough, when liquid may bedrawn by capillary action across the top surface andreach the under surface via the bolt holes.

Place the assembled permeation cell, complete with leaktight pipe-work and connections to the appropriateequipment (see A-3), in the temperature controlled roomor water bath at the required temperature.

The test should be conducted at the temperature mostrelevant to the use of toe material or, in the absence ofother preference, at 20 C.

Connect the appropriate gaseous or liquid collectingmedium and adjust the flow through the permeationcell to the required rate and allow the system to stabilize.Connect the system to suitable analytical equipmentand recheck the flow characteristics.

A-5.2 Assessment of Breakthrough Time andSubsequent Mass of Permeating Liquid

Bring the test liquid to the required test temperatureand maintain this temperature within +1“C for theduration of the test.

Discharge 10 ml of the test liquid rapidly into theupper compartment of the permeation cell and start theclock. Ensure that the appropriate surface of the testspecimen is completely covered with the test liquidthroughout the period of the test.

If the density of the liquid is high, and the strength ofthe sample under test is low, for example, thin latexfilms, the weight of liquid may distort the test sample,leading to an increase in sample area. In this case, theliquid volume may be reduced but care should be takento ensure that the test sample is completely coveredwith the test liquid throughout the period of the test.

Analyze, either continuously or at appropriate intervalsof time according to the equipment used, the collectingmedium that forms the effluent stream from the lowercompartment of the permeation cell.

Using appropriate calibration factors, calculate fromeach analysis the cumulative mass of test liquid or itscomponent chemical (s) that has been desorbed fromthe test specimen into the collecting medium atmeasured times atler the initial discharge of the testliquid.

Record the results and plot a graph showing thecumulative mass as a fimction of time, as illustrated inFig. 3. When the slope of the curve becomes constant,continue the test for a further 60 min. Repeat the testwith the other two test specimens.

A-5.3 Assessment of Physical Condition of TestSpecimen

Remove the test specimen from the permeation cell.Inspect each test specimen in a well-lit area by the

.-

6

naked eye (use spectacles if necessary to ensure normalvision) and observe whether or not the test specimenhas been changed in any way by its contact with thetest liquid. If any change is observed, note whether thetest specimen has become flaked, swollen, disintegratedand/or embrittled. Note the nature of any other changes.

A-5.4 Expression of Results

For each of the test specimens, make a linearextrapolation of the slope in the graph, whichcorresponds to the approximate steady state permeationrate, until the line cuts the X-axis. The breakthroughtime is represented by the intercept with the X-axis andis expressed in minutes. Record the individual valuesof the breakthrough times and calculate the mean,

Record the mass of the test liquid or its componentchemicals permeating in the 30 min and 60 min periodsfollowing the breakthrough time by reading thecorresponding values directly from the cumulativegraph.

Record whether the test specimens have been changedin any way and, if so, whether they have become flaked,swollen, disintegrated, or embrittled. Record the natureof any other change that has been observed.

A-5.5 Calibration

Calibrate the response of the analytical system to thetest liquid or its component chemicals and, whereappropriate, ensure that concentrations up to saturationof the collecting medium maybe determined.

A-6 REPEAT TESTS

A-6.1 Assess whether the results obtained from anyone test specimen accord with a requirement that theyshould lie within 20 percent of the corresponding meanof the results taken over the set of test specimens.

Experience in the development of this method indicatesthat this requirement is generally met with, providedthat the test specimens have been drawn from a materialthat is physically homogeneous and is not subject todistortion or decomposition when in contact with thetest liquid.

A-6.2 If the results accord with the requirement givenabove, prepare the test report as described in A-7.

A-6.3 If the results do not accord with the requirement,prepare a second set of test specimens and repeat thetests.

A-6.4 If the results thus obtained from the second setof test specimens accord with the requirement givenin A-6.1, include only these results in the test report.

[f the results obtained from the second set of testspecimens do not accord with the requirements given

IS 15071:2002

in A-6.1, combine the results of both sets of testspecimens in the preparation of the test report.

In this case further appropriate checks should be madeto discriminate between those variations that arise fromreal differences between test specimens and thosevariations arising from an undue degree of experimentalerror in the procedure described in A-5.1 to A-5.5.

A-7 TEST REPORT

Begin the test report with the following statement:

‘The greater the degree of distortion of the specimenthrough absorption of the test liquid, the greater islikely to be the variation between the results,from repeattests.’

The test report shall include the following information:

a) that the test was carried out in accordance withthis Indian Standard;

b) the manufacturer’s reference for the material

c)submitied for test;the identity of the test liquid(s) used and, asappropriate, of any component chemical(s) towhich the analytical procedures described in A-5have been applied;

d) the temperature, in degree Celcius, used in thetest;

e) the mean and individual values of thebreakthrough times, in minutes;

t) the mean and individual values of the mass oftest liquid or its component chemical(s) permeating1 cm2of the test specimens in 30 min and 60 minafter breakthrough;

g) a copy of the graph(s) used in the calculation ofthe da~,

h) a description of the analytical technique includinga statement of its sensitivity and precision;

j) the identity of the collecting medium;k) where appropriate, the particular part of a garment

from which the material submitted for test wastaken;

m) if appropriate, a description of those obviousperforations, surface defects or pinholes that haveaffected the selection of test specimens;

n) a statement of whether or not the test specimen(s),during its contact with the test liquid, has changedin any way, as has been noted by subsequentvisual inspection andlor shown signs of flaking,swelling, disintegration, embrittlement or otherphysical changes; and

p) any comments considered appropriate by theperson carrying out the tests.

Such comments might include a statement of the steadystate permeation rate expressed as pg.cm-z.min-’ .

7

Is 15071:2002

—-s

Inm

Lx

& r,,,,,

-#f

K LIQIJIDCOMPARTMENT

f N-TESTMATE RIAL

AN ,T’CREW’

P20

tI

I

_i

x

+4.5

J-

cb6

P’

I -111’MQ Ir-FLOW

COMPARTMENT

SECTION X X

-----

(NC)TE — Exposed area of test materials : 4.91 cm2; and volume of flow compartment : 17.2 cmz)

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 1 PERMEATIONCELL

8

I

Is 15071:2002.-.-a

#,,

T/ RECORDER “

TEST CELL II

AN AINSER PIJMPVENT

l--

9

- 1I

–==

nTEST CELL

T RECORDER

II

I

t-- -.

ANALYSERmi7-

rREGULATED !GAS SUPPLY n IIL.— —.—.—.-1

FIG.2 SCHEMATICOFALTERNATIVEARRANGEMENTSOFEQUIPMENT

STEADY STATEPERMEATION

BRE;JW~HROUGH

TIME (Minutes)

\

-----

FIG. 3 BREAKTHROUGHTIMEANDSTEADYSTATEPERMEATIONRATE

9

Is 15071:2002.---s

ANNEX B

[Table3, SINO.(iii)]

METHOD OF TEST FOR DIMENSIONAL CHANGE

B-l GENERAL

Follow the washing or dry cleaning instructions of themanufacturer, if a detailed cleaning procedure isprovided by the manufacturer. In case of lack of suchguidelines from the manufacturer, the following generalprocedure shall be followed.

B2 WASHING TREATMENT

Prepare a wash liquor of neutral detergent solution ofconcentration 2 g/1using sot?wate~ Adjust the washingmachine to a temperature of 40 C. Place the fabricspecimen and the wash liquor in the wash tub up to thefull level of the washer. Start the washing at the settemperature and continue for a period of 12 min to

complete one cycle. Subject the fabric for 5 suchwashing cycles. Remove the fabric, rinse with samequality water, dry and condition and check the changein dimension both in length and in width.

IP3 DRY<LEANING

If dry-cleaning is recommended, the fabric is placed ina container with a dry-cleaning solvent to get a materialto liquor ratio of 1 : 5. Seal the jars, clamp inlaunderometer and run it at room temperature for10 min and drain. Repeat the above process 2 times tocomplete one cycle. The fabric shall be subjected to 5such cycles. Remove the specimen, blot thoroughly,air dry and condition. Check for change in dimension.

ANNEX C(Clause 6.3.2)

METHOD OF TEST FOR SEAM STRENGTH OF GARMENT

C-1 APPARATUS

A constant rate of extension textile testing machine asdescribed in IS 1969 shall be required.

C-2 PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMEN

Cut specimen from a double thickness of fabric thatincludes a seam such that the seam lies midway betweenthe ends and perpendicular to the major axis of thespecimen, when prepared and opened out as shown inFig.4.

The specimen shall be 50 mm wide and 100 mm long.Cut one specimen from each main load bearing seam ofthe garment ensuring that the following seams areincluded:

a) an armhole seam; andb) the seat seam.

Specimen from each non-load bearing seam of thegarment shall also be cut for the test.

C-3 Condition the test specimen from dry side in thestandard atmospheric con+tion of 65 + 5 percentrelative humidity and 27+ 2 C for 24 h, as specified inIS 6359, before carrying out the test.

The test shall be carried out in the standard atmosphericcondition.

C-4 Cany out the test in accordance with IS 1969.Ensure that the seam lies midway between the jaws ofthe testing machine and perpendicular to the directionof pull as shown in Fig. 4.

C-5 Record the seam strength of each of the loadbearing seam specimen in Newtons and find out themean value. Also establish the seam strength of non-Ioad bearing seam specimens.

, ----

10

!“ ‘* A

ao

L

-r2.0SEAM /

12,0

. 50.0 *

------ -.

YI

I

IS 15071:2002——2

j

DOUBLE THICKNESS SPECIMEN

,---

(b) OPENED OUT SPECIMEN

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 4 SPECIMENFORSEAMSTRENGTH

IS 15071:2002

* A

.--.4

i

ANNEX D(Clause 6.6)

LEAK TEST FOR GAS-TIGHT SUITS

D-1 PRINCIPLE D-2.3 Inflate the suit carefully ;Oa maximum pressure

The suit is inflated and the loss of pressure over aof 180mm H20, and then allow it to settle for a period of

defined period is noted.at least 10 min to allow any creased areas to unfold, thesuit to stretch, the temperature to stabilize and the

D-2 PROCEDURE pressure throughout the suit to reach equilibrium.

D-2.1 Lay out the suit including gloves and boots, D-2.4 Adjust the pressure in the suit to 170 mm H20.and facemask, if appropriate, on a sui~ble flat ad cle~ D-2.5 Allow a fifier periodof 6 min to elapse andsurface away from any source of heat andlor drauglit. note any loss of pressure.

D-2.2 Remove any creases or folds in the suit as far as NOTE — Pay carefulattentionto the cleanlinessand thepracticable. Make an inflation connection and carefully refittingof valves which have heen obstructed or removed

blank off the valves, etc, with appropriate components in order to carry out the test, to ensure that they function

as recommended by the manufacturer. satisfactorilyafter the test.

ANNEX E(Clause 9)

SELECTION OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

E-1 SELECTION OF GARMENTANDMATER?ALOF CONSTRUCTION

The following points shall be taken into account inselecting the garment and material of construction ofthe protective clothing:

a) seriousness of the chemical hazard,b) need for eye and/or respiratory protection,c) need for coveralls,d) need for special boots,e) need for air-impermeable garment(s),f) chemical resistance required of the garment,g) duration of such a requirement, andh) durability of the garment or protective clothing.

Discussions with safety experts, chemicalmanufacturers, occupational experts, and garmentmanufacturers are necessary for correct selection ofgarment and material of construction.

E-2 SELECTION OF DESIGN

Compatibility with other protective equipment,ergonomic considerations, maintainability, etc, are someof the main design aspects considered for the protectiveclothing. Figures 5 and 6 schematically depict such aselection procedure.

E-3 TOTAL PROTECTION SUIT

This type of suit offers full body protection fromexposure to the chemical against which it isrecommended. The components of such a totalprotection suit that prevent chemical exposure are:

HoodsCoverall/ clothing

GlovesBootsVisorsAir connections

Complete cover garments and gas-tight suits areexamples of such total protection suits.

E-4 COMPLETE COVER GARMENTS

Complete cover garments (see Fig. 7) can be worn withsome form of visor and respirator or breathingapparatus to protect eyes and face and to guard againstinhaling chemicals.

Where the danger to the skin is small, air-permeablegarments together with specially approved respiratoryprotection may be acceptable when dealing withchemicals in powder form.

Otherwise an air-impermeable assembly should beadopted comprising one-or-two piece plastics orelastomer coated coverall, gloves, boots and completehead protection. Hoods should be sufficiently large toaccommodate goggles, etc, comfortably, and (ifattached to a coat-like garment) to allow the weight ofthe garment to be taken by the wearer’s shoulders,rather than by the head.

For protection yhere particularly hazardous chemicalsare not involved, and respiratory protection is thus notindicated, air-permeable coveralls worn with gloves,goggles and boots are often adequate.

E-5 GAS-TIGHT SUITS

Total protection suit used to protect against gases andvapours that are skin-absorbed (for example, HCN) shall

---

12

provide a gas-tight environment. Relevant literature(forexample,the currentThreshold LimitValuesBookletby the American Conference ofGovemmental IndustrialHygienists) should be referred to identi~ skin-absorbedsubstances.

To isolate wearer completely from environment (forexample, from a toxic gas) an all-enveloping garmentshall have no pinholes and be proof against passageof the gas by dissolution in the membrane (see Fig. 7).

If the breathing apparatus is isolated from the interiorof the suit, the latter is effectively a sealed container.Any chemicals entering by permeation cannot be sweptaway and a greater concentration of contaminant willbuild up than in the case of air-fed suit. Breathingapparatus (which may be either inside or outside thesuit) is obviously necessary. Reinforcement of the partof the suit in contact with the apparatus may bedesirable to give added support and to reduce the riskof abrasion to the suit.

A gas-tight, air-supplied suit, in which the interior ofthe suit is purged and conditioned by an external airsupply while breathing air is fed from separate airlineor self-contained breathing apparatus, providesmaximum protection for both skin and lungs.

The arrangement for use of the breathing apparatusshall be of one of the following forms:

a) where the breathing apparatus is to be worn overthe suit, the breathing apparatus face mask shallbe bonded or otherwise attached in a leak-tightmanner as an integral part of the suit and arranged

IS 15071:2002

so as to permit the face mask to seal on the wearer’sface by means of the normal seal and head harnessof the mask concerned. Access to the face maskseal and head harness shall not be affected in anyway.

b) where breathing apparatus is to be worn inside

E-6

the suit, the suit shall have a transparent facepiece and be of suftlcient size to accommodatethe self-contained breathing apparatus wornwholly within the suit. The suit shall be designedso as to permit the wearer to manipulate thecontrols and adjust the head harness of thebreathing apparatus, including the supplementaryair supply.

COMBINATIONS OF EQUIPMENT

-.

When protective clothing is worn together with otherforms of personal protective equipment, such asrespiratory protective equipment, eye protection,protective helmets and/or hearing protection devices,whose primary finction is other than protection of theskin as such, the following recommendations apply:

a) Care should be taken that no new or additionalhazard is introduced;

b) Whatever the primary fimction of each individual

c)

garment or item of personal protective equipment,the personal protective equipment as a wholeshould afford due protection to the skin; and

As far as practicable, the personal protectiveequipment as a whole should fit the wearer andbe comfortable in use.

\

13

Is 15071: 2002 .—.-

SSESS WHAT TYPE OF GARMENT(S)IS APPROPRIATE

RE-ASSESS

CHARACTERISTICS OFCOMBINATIONS OF _NO

GARMENTS COMPATIBLEWITH OTHER ITEMS OF

INDIVIDUAL ITEMS PERSONAL PROTECTIVEOF PPE EQUIPMENT(PPE)?

OBTAIN ADVICE FROM CHEMICAL SUPPLIERS, GARMENT SUPPLIERSAND MANUFACTURERS, OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENISTS AND SAFETY

AUTHORITIES REGARDING CHOICE OF CONSTRUCTION

NO

+

AIR-PERMEABLE GARMENT(S) BEACCEPTABLE v

i

lAIR-lMPERMwwLEMAdDEFINE REQUIREMENTS FO DEFINE REQUIREMENTS FOR

LE MATERIALv v

O THE RESULTS OF TESTS SHOW THAT THE MATERIAL GIVES THE REQUIREDLEVEL OF PROTECTION AND I-1&SSUIT L CHARACT

TO FIG 6

FIG. 5 SCHEMATICDIAGRAMFORSELECTIONOFTYPE OFGARMENTANDMATERIALOFCONSTRUCTION

-Fm5I

CONSIDER WHETHER GARMENT DESIGN ACCORDS WITH NEEDS+ OF THE WEARER TAKING ACCOUNT OF THE CIRCUMSTANCES

OF THE WORKPLACE

NO DOES GARMENTDESIGN

NO DOES THE PROTECTIVECLOTHING PROVIDE ADEQUATE COMFORT, FLEXIBJLITY

NO CLOII-IING COMPATIBLE WITH THE USE OF

I + YES

ANY OTHER FACTORS TO BE TAKENINTO ACCOUNT ~

~NOEND

.-

FIG. 6 SCHEMATICDIAGRAMFORCONSIDERATIONOFPROTECTIVECLOTHINGDESIGN

14

IS 15071:2002

—-!#

}

(a) lWO-PIECE SPRAY SUIT

(c) AIR-SUPPLIED CLOTHING

(b) ONE-PIECE COVERALL WITH HOOD

(d) GAS-TGHT COVERALL WITH SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS

/

FIG. 7 TYPESOFCOMPLETECOVERGARMENTS

15

!

i..- ‘.$

IS 15071:2002

ANNEX F

(Forewor~

COMMITTEE COMPOSITION

Industrial Safety Sectional Committee, CHD 8

Organization

National Safety Council, Mumbai

Airport Authority of India, New Delhi

Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai

Central Boiler Board, New Delhi

Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai

Central Mining Research Institute, Dhanbad

Chief Controller of Explosives, Nagpur

Confederation of Indian Industries, New Delhi

Directorate General Factory Advice Services andLabour Institutes, Mumbai

Directorate General Health Services, New Delhi

Directorate General of Mines Safety, Dhanbad

Employees State Insurance Corporation, Kolkata

Factory Inspectorate, Government of Maharashtra, Mumbai

Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Bangalore

Indian Cotton Mills Federation, Mumbai

Indian Space Research Organization, Shriharikota

Larsen & Toubro Limited (ECC Construction Group),Chennai

Mining, Geological and Metallurgical Institute of India,Kolkata

Ministry of Defence, Ordnance Factory Board, Kolkata

Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (Oil IndustriesSafety Directorate), New Delhi

National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad

National Safety Council, Mumbai

Office of the Development Commissioner (SS1), New Delhi

Safety Appliances Manufacturer’s Association, Mumbai

Standing Committee on Safety for Steel Industry, SAIL,Ranchi

Standing Fire Advisory Council, New Delhi

BIS Directorate General

Representative(s)

SHRJK. C. GOPTA(Chairman)

SHRJL. C. GUPTASHRJH. S. RAWAT(Afternate)

SHRIS. NARAYAN

SHRJV. K. GOELSHJUM. L. AHGJA(Alternate)

DRS. SADOLLASHRJG. SWAMJNATHAN(Alternate)

SHRJA. K. ACHARYASHRIP. K. NAJR(,4/rernate)

SHRJR. H. BHELEKAR

SHIGK. P. NYATI

SHRJM. K. MALHDTRA

DR S. C. CHAWALADR B. B. THAKUR(Mterrrate)

DIRECTOR(MtNESSAFETY)SHRJA. K. RUDRA(Alternate)

SHIUBHAGWATSPRASADSHRJSATISHCHANDER(Alternate)

RH%ESEWATWE

SHRtPREMBAWEJASHRtB. VIJAYKUMAR(Alternate)

SHRJM. R.SAMPATHSHRJO. N. DAGA(Afternate)

SHRJP. N. SANKARANSHRJV. K. SSUVASTAVA(Alternate)

SHRJR. K. PODDAR

SHRJJ. P. GOENKASHRJN. DGTTA(Alternate)

SHRJSUCHASJNOHSHRJR. SRJNIVASAN(Alternate)

SHSUM. SRJVASTAVASHRJS. N. MATHUR(Mfernate)

SHIUG. P. YADAVSHRJN. JAIPAL(Altemafe)

SHRJH. N. GUPTASHRJR. P. BHANUSHALI(Alternate)

SHRJG. S. KASHYAP

SHRI M. KANTSHSUKJRTIMARU(Alternate)

DRJ. TRJPATHYSHRJV. K. JAIN(Alternate)

SHRJS. K. MUKHERJEESHRtA. K. GHOSH(Alternate)

SHRJLAJINDERSINGH,Director& Head(CHD)[Representing Director General (Ex-ojjfcio Member)]

Member-SecretarySHRJP. MOKHOPADHVAYDirector (CHD), BIS

\,

(Continued on page 17)

16

i:I

IS 15071:2002

(C’ontirruedfrom page 16)

Personal Protective Equipment (Non-Respiratory) Subcommittee CHD 8:2

Organization

Directorate General Factory Advice Servicesand Labour Institutes, Mumbai

Birla 3M Limited, Bangalore

Central Mining Research Institute, Dhanbad

Fabricare Private Ltd, Pune

Indian Petrochemicals Ltd, Vadodara

Joseph Leslie Drager Manufacturing &

National Test House, Kolkata

Nuclear Powder Corporation, Mumbai

Co. Mumbai

office of the Development Commissioner (SS1),New Delhi

Oil Industry Safety Directorate, Ministry of Petroleum,Government of India, New Delhi

Safety Services, Mumbai

SAIL Safety Organization

Udyogi Moulders (P) Limited, Kolkata

Representative (s)

SHRIM. K. MALHOTRA(Convener)

SHRIHAROLDBARNES

SHRJA. K. ACHARYASHJUP. K. NAIR(Alternate)

Srsw JAYAPRAKASHSATHESHRISADANANOSATPUTE(Al[ernate)

SHRJJ. N. SHARMA

SHJUC. PE!aonwSHRJJ. S. CHAUHAN(Alternate)

DR S. RAHGTDR JDGESHNIJHAWAN(Alternate)

SHRJR. K. KAF03RSHRJM. D. JOSEPH(Alternate)

SHRJ G. S. KASHYAP

SHRJS. N. MATHURSHRJA. GHATAK(Alternate)

SHRJM. fimSHRIKAMLESHDAND(Alternate)

SHRJV. K. JAIN

SHKJM. BAGRJ

SHKJS. K. MOUNDHRA(Alternafe)

,----

17

*

/

Bureau of Indian Standards

b’* A,

-.

BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promoteharmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goodsand attending to connected matters in the country.

Copyright

BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications maybe reproduced in any form withoutthe prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the courseof implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or gradedesignations. Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewedperiodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes areneeded; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standardsshould ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards: Monthly Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No. :CHD 8(24I).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Headquarters :

Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002 Telegrams : ManaksansthaTelephones :3230131,3233375,323 9402 (Common to all offices)

Regional Offices : Telephone

Central :

Eastern :

Northern :

Southern :

Western :

Branches :

Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg

{

3237617NEW DELHI 110002 3233841

1/14 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, V. 1. P. Road, Kankurgachi{

3378499,3378561KOLKATA 700054 3378626, 3379120

SCO 335-336, Sector 34-A, CHANDIGARH 160022

{

603843602025

C.I.T. Campus, IV Cross Road, CHENNAI 600113

{

2541216,25414422542519,2541315

Manakalaya, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri (East){

8329295,8327858MUMBAI 400093 8327891,8327892

AHMEDABAD. BANGALORE. BHOPAL. BHUBANESHWAR. COIMBATORE.FARIDABAD. GHAZIABAD. GUWAHATI. HYDERABAD. JAIPUR. KANPUR.LUCKNOW. NAGPUR. NALAGARH. PATNA. PUNE. RAJKOT. THIRUVANANTHAPURAM.

Printed at Simco Printing Press, Delhi