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IS 5785-1 (1970): Methods for performance tests for surfaceactive agents, Part 1: Relative dispersing power [CHD 25:Soaps and other Surface Active Agents]

Is t 5785 (-Part I) - 1970

Indian Standard

METHO~DS FOR PERFORMANCE TESTS FOR SURFACE ACTIVE.AGENTS

PART I RELATIVE DISPERSING POWER

( Third Reprint JUNE 1990 )

LJDC 661.185.001.42 :541.18.052

@ Copyright 1971

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002 s

Gr 2 May 1971

METHODS

IS:5785 (Part r)-I!470

Indian Standard

FOR PERFORMANCE TESTS FOR SURFACE ACTIVE-AGENTS

APART I RELATIVE DISPERSING POWER

Soaps and Other Surface Active Agents Secf ional Committee, CDC 35

Chuirmar

DR B.P. GODREJ

Mqmbcrs

Rrpresmting Godrej Soaps Pvt Ltd, Bombay

SHRI V. M. PAI I Alternate to Dr B. P. Godrej )

SRRI V. J. BAKRE Central aboard of Revenues, Ministry of Finance, I New Delhi

,SHRIN.K. GHOWDHURI (&fsdc) SHRX N. BEOWMIK Directorate General of Technical Development,

New Delhi SHRI P.K. CHAKRAVARTY

SHRI G. S. SAVKAR ( Alternate ) SHRI M. L. DHIR

SHRI P. N. AQARWAL ( Alternate ) &RI S. C. GHOSE

DR B.P. GODREJ

DR G. S. HATTIANGDI Dn J. G. KANE

DRC.B. KHANPARA SHRI K. S. KRISHNAN

Hindustan Lever Ltd, Bombay In personal capacity ( Department sf Chmical Techno-

___._ __. SRRI S. M. MIETIXY

logy, Uniwrzity of Bombuy, Bombay) Swastik Oil Mills, Bombay Oil Technologists’ Association of India, Kanpur Ahura Chemical Products Pvt Ltd, Bomtuy

SERI M. S. MEAISKAR (Alternate) DR N. J,. MURTHY Tata Oil Mills Co Ltd, Bombay

SHRI T. S. RAXAS~AMY ( Al&mate ) DRM.V. NIMICAR SEBI S. C. PANDE

Indian COitOn Milk Fe.demtion, Calcutta Deve$lo~enh~mmrsstoner, Small Scale Industries,

Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals, New Delhi

Ministry of Defence ( DGI )

India~,c~~ and Toiletries Makers’ Association,

Indian Chemical Manufacturers’ Association, Bombay

SHRI N. C. SEN GUPTA National Tat House, Calcutta SHBI P. V. SHBIKANTA RAO Khadi and Village Industries Commissiin, Bombay

Srrai P. V. GUJA~ATHI ( Alternate )

( Cimtitmed on page 2 )

BUREAU OF MD&AN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

IS : 5785 1 Part I ) - 1970

( Continued from page 1 )

Members ’ Representing

SHHI B. K. THUNQAPPA Government Soap Factory, Rangtalon SHRI M. N. SUBRA RAO ( Alhmak )

SHRI D. DAM GUPTA, Director General, IS1 ( Ex-@io Msra6er’) Director ( Chem )

Secrcraries Dn G. M. SAXXWA

Deputy Director ( Chem ), IS1 SHRI S. SUB~AEMANYAN

Deputy Director ( Chem ), IS1

Surface Active Aglnts Subcommittee,‘CDC 35 : 3

Convener

DR N. R. Brtow Mcqberk

SIIRI M. A. BRATT SHRI B. APPU Rao ( Alternate )

SIIRI N. BHOWWIK

Swastik Oil Mills, Bombay

Kusum Products Ltd, Calcutta

Direr;t&eeral of Technical Development,

Hico Products Pvt Ltd, Bombay

Hindustan Lever Ltd, Bombay In personal capacity ( Dgortmmt I# Clbmicol ftcliao-

SHRI M. D. DHAE~ANKA~S SERI J. R. PATEL ( Alternate )

DR G. S. HATTIANQDI DR J. G. K hNE

SHRl S. M. MISTRY SERI M: S. MIIAISKA~~ ( Alternate 1

DR N. L. MWTHY Tata Oil Mills Co Ltd, Bombay SHRI T. S. RAYASWAMY ( Alternate )

DR K. I. NABS~XHAN Of&e of the Textile Commissioner, Bombay SHRI ‘IL S. BIIIJJANQ ( Alter&e )

DR M. V. Nraagnk Millowntm’ &aociation, Bombay SERI v. M. PA1 Godrej Soaps Pvt Ltd, Bombay

Panel for Performance Tests, CDC 35 : 3 : 3

DR N. R. BHOW Swastik Oil Mills, Bombay SERI I. A. MEHTA (Alternate)

DR N. F. DE~AI Sandoa ( India ) Ltd, Bomhay Da N. L. MU~THY Tata Oil Mills Co Ltd, Bombay

SHRI F. E. DARU~ALLA ( Alternate ) lb K. I. NARSIXEAN OfFice of the Textile Commissioner, Bombay

SHRI K. S. BHUJAXO ( Alternate) DR S. M. PATEL Hindutan Lever Ltd, Bombay

Da 0. SRINIVASAN ( Alternate ) SERI K. S. SRINI~A~AN I. C. I. ( India ) Private Ltd, Cahtte

%~RX Y, H, DIWAJ (&mafe)

2

Indian Standard

METHODS FOR PERFORMANCE TESTS FOR SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS

PART I RELATIVE DISPERSING POWER

0. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard ( Part I ) was adopted by the, Indian Standards Institution on 27 August 1970, after the draft finalized by the Soaps and Other Surface Active Agents Sectional Committee had been approved by the Chemical Division Council.

03 For a practical and realistic evaluation of quality of the class of -products known as surface active agents, performance tests comtitute the ideal yardstick. Physico-chemical analysis alone is not adequate. However, in actual practice, uniform procedures have not been evolved so far for carrying out these tests and the results obtained are, therefore, not reproducible. The Sectional Committee responsible for’the preparation of this standard felt that publication of the test methods in the form of an Indian Standard would promote adoption of uniform procedures within the country. ‘I’he test methods, which are based on available ~data and current practices, are expected to be revised from time to time to improve their precision and accuracy.

0.2.1 In view of the poor reproducibility of these methods, they are presently published as a starting point for collection of experience and data. It is expected that after these have been adequately improved upon, they. will form the basis of corresponding requirements in the material specifications for surface active agents.

0.3 The tests for emulsifying power, and foaming power of surface active agents are covered in Part II and Part III respectively of this standard. Other tests will be covered in subsequent parts of the standard.

0.4 In reporting the result of a test made in accordance with this standard, if the final value, calctilated or observed, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in, accordance with 1s : 2-1960*.

‘Rules for rounding off numerical values ( tired ).

3

IS f 5785 (Part I ) -- 1970

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard 1 Part I ) prescribes the method of test for evaluating the relative dispersing power of surface active agents used’ in the text”e. industry.

2. TERMINOLOGY

2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the following definition shall appl!

2.1 Surface Active Agents - Orgamc conipounds or products used for the purpose of washing, scouring, wetting, penetrating, emulsifying, dispers- ing, etc. These auxiliary products are capable of modifying the surface or the boundary between two phases which may be entirely different in physical state; for example, between the textile fibre or water insoluble powder and aqueous solution, or between non-miscible liquids, such as water and oil.

3. OUl’XJNE OF METHOD

3.1 A known amount of finely divided carbon black is suspended in diffe- rent concentrations of the surface active agents solutions for different durations of time. After a definite interval of.time a known amount of solution istaken from the cenire of the solution and the amount of solid dispersed in the liquid is determined.

4. APPARATUS

4.1 Graduated Cylinders -of 350 ml capacity, provided with a glass stopper ( Jce IS : 878-1956* ).

4.2 Petri Dishes - of 100 mm ‘nominal size ( see IS : 2626- 1963t ) .

4.3 Pipette-of5 ml capacity (see IS : 4162-1967:).

5. REAGENTS

5.0 Qprrlity of Reagents -Unless specified otherwise, pure chemicals and distilled water (see IS : 1070-1960$) shall be used in tests.

NOTE- ‘ Pure, chemicals ’ shall mean chemicals that do not contain impuritia which affect the results of analysis.

5.1. Carbon Black- finely divided carbon black about 18 nm particle diameter.

$1.1 Finely divided iron oxide of 15 tn 21 nm particle diameter may also be used instead of carbon black.

‘Specification for graduated measuring cylinders. $+ecification for petri dishes. ( Since revised& ~Specification for giaduated pipettes. )Specification for water, distilled buality ( retied ).

4

ISr578s(Part I)-1970

5.2 White Oil-h IS : 1083-1957*.

6, PREPARATION OF sOLUTIONS 6.1 $&olvc separately 25 g of different surface active agents under test in sufficient amount of water and make up the volume of each solution to one litre.

7. PROGRDURR

7.1 ?hke a 250-ml graduated cylinder for each of the surface active agents. Weigh 4 g of carbon black and transfer it to the cylinder. Add 5 ml of white oil to it and also 40 ml of 2.5 percent solution of the surface active agent. Make up the volume to 200 ml by adding,more of water.

7.1.1 Prepare similarly solutions of all the surface active agents in separate cylinders. 7.2 Stopper each cylinder, hold them upright and tilt in the clockwise direction to invert with stopper down and restore back in the same way. Repeat the procedure 10 times and then keep the cylinders stationary without disturbing the contents.

N~TB - The shaking should be uniform and undue jerks should be avoided.

7.3 After a period of one hour, pipette out exactly 5 ml of solution from the centre of each cylinder ( see Note 1) and transfer each aliquot portion to a previously tared petri dish. Evaporate the solutions in different dishes on the water-bath and dry the residue at 105 to 110°C to constant weight ( see Note 2 ).

Ncrr~l- Mark the pipette at a place which coincides with the top of the cylinder when the tip of the pipette is at 100 ml graduation mark on the cylinder.

NOTE 2- The residue shall be taken to have attained constant weight when two consecutive weighings taken at an interval of 30 minutes do not differ by more than 2 mg.

7.4 Repeat the procedure given in 7.3, but pipetting Qut the solutions from each cylinder after an interval of 2, 5 and 24 hours.

7.5 Repeat the procedure given in 7.1 to 7.4, but taking 80, 120 and 160-ml of solutions of different surface active agents ( see 7.1.1 ) each for 1,2, 5 and 24haurs duration.

8. CALCULATION AND REPORTING

8.1 Calculation 8.1.1 Calculate separately the percentage of the solid dispersed by each

surface active agent by the following formula:

cxz!? 4 000

‘Specification for white oil, light, technical.

5

where

C =z percentage of the solid dispersed,

W = weight in mg of the residue, and D = weight in mg of surface active agent preseht in 5 ml of the

solution of surface active agent (7.3 ) when dried at 105 to 110°C to constant wQght.

8.1.2 Calcake separately the percentage of the solid dispersed by each surface active agent at the end of the different durations of time ( I, 2, 5 and 24 hours). Calculate separately for each concentraGx of each surface active agent.

8.2 Draw the graphs of different concentrations of the surface active agent against the percentage of solid dispersed after cne hour time duration, with a different curve for each surface active agent. Similarly draw the graphs for 2, 5 and 24 hours time duration.

NOTE - If the test is carried out for other durations of time, graphs for the corresponding time duration may be drawn.

8.3 lbpodng - From the graphs compare the results to determine the relative dispersing power Of surface active agents bearing in mind that for the same duration of time.and the same concentration of different surface active agents, the higher the percentage of solids dispersed, the more efficient is the corresponding surface active agent.

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