Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

इंटरनेट मानक

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”Jawaharlal Nehru

“Step Out From the Old to the New”

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार”Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan

“The Right to Information, The Right to Live”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता है”Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam

“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

है”ह”ह

IS 7673 (2004): Fire Fighting Equipment - Glossary of Terms[CED 22: Fire Fighting]

IS 7673:2004

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a-f%?-Pm tiqcb WJihh~ dtwl-fb Wmii

( Wa’7 @iwJT-)

Indian Standard

FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT —

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

(First Revision )

ICS 01.040.13; 3.220.10

0 BIS 2004

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

August 2004 Price Group 5

Fire Fighting Sectional Committee, CED 22

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard ( First Revision ) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalizedby the Fire Fighting Sectional Committee had been approved.by the Civil Engineering Division Council.

A series of standards covering different fire fighting equipment and appliances have been published which includea large number of terms relating to fire fighting equipment and appliances. The extensive use of some of the termsand the need to eliminate ambiguity and misunderstanding in their interpretation has.necessitated the preparationof this glossary. This standard was first published in 1975. Since the development of fire fighting equipment andappliances is a continuing process, in this revision some additional new terms have also been include& Further,the existing definitions have been reviewed and suitably modified, wherever necessary, to keep them in conformitywith the modern application technologies. This standard was first formulated in 1975 and now revised by incorporatingvarious new definitions for the terms used in other standards which have been formulated for various fire fightingequipments, subsequent to the publication of the first version of this standard.

A separate standard ( IS 8757: 1999 ‘Glossary of terms associated with fire safety’ ) exists giving definitionsof terms associated with fire safety.

In the formulation of this standard due weightage has been given to international co-ordination among thestandards and practices prevailing in different countries in addition to relating it to the practices in the field inthis country.

IS 7673:2004

Indian Standard

FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT —GLOSSARY OF TERMS

( First Revision)1 SCOPE

This standard covers definitions of terms relating tothe fire fighting equipment and appliances.

2 TERMINOLOGY

2.1 General

2.1.1 Adaptors — Fittings made for the purposeof connecting suction hoses and/or deliveryhoses, or hose-reels, either male to male, or female tofemale, of the same type of coupling, or two differenttypes of couplings.

2.1.1.1 Delivery hose adaptor — Fitting used forconnecting lengths of hose with different types orsizes of couplings.

2.1.1.2 Suction hose adaptor — Fitting used toconnect suction hose to hydrant to delivery hose orto suction hose of different diameter.

2.1.1.3 Hose-reel adaptor — Fitting used forconnecting hose-reel tubing direct to a hydrant or toa length of delivery hose.

2.1.2 Applicator — An extension tube to carry aspray nozzle to enable an operator to apply thespray to otherwise inaccessible places or greaterh.eig,hts.

2.1.2.1 Extension applicator — A longer tubewhich can be extended telescopically to a greaterlength/height up to about 2 m or more to carry a spraynozzle to enable an operator to apply the spray. Theyare commonly used for tackling aircraft engine fireswith gaseous fire extinguishing agents.

2.1.3 Automatic Escape — “It is a device forlowering persons or self from a height. It consistsessentially of a steel cable covered with cotton orcanvas belt braid and fitted at each end with awebbing sling, which is tightened as required bymeans of a metal clip. Speed is automaticallycontrolled by a breaking mechanism according to pre-determined speed varying from 60 to 120 cm/s.

2.1.4 Axes

2.1.4.1 Large axe — Sometimes known as fellingaxe used for breaking in or for cutting away heavytimber etc.

2.1.4.2 Fireman k axe— A small axe, usually carriedin a pouch attached to fireman’s belt, or sometimesin appliances also. There ‘are two types : one with awooden handle, and the other an insulated steelhandle, for fire brigade use,

2.1.5 Basemen& Spray — Connected to a branch inplace of the nozzle for use in basements, ship holdsor other lower level inaccessible areas where an all-round cooling effect is desired.

.2.1.6 Bdsket Strainer — Itis made of cane, essentiallycylindrical in shape with holes, and bigger in sizethan the metal strainer. It is used over metal strainerto prevent any foreign body entering the pump andis secured with canvas piece with strips.

2.1.7 Fire Be/l — A sound-emitting metal device,operated by striking manually or electrically. .It isused on fire engines for giving alarm in case ofturnouts.

2.1.8 Blank Cap — A plug or cover which is attachedto a delivery outlet or suction inlet when not in use.lt consists of a metal casting blanked off at aneend with a male or female coupling connection at theother. Also used to protect valves/threads or otherequipment, for example, on B.A.-cylinders or othercylinders.

2.1.9 Chain Pulley Blocks (Blocks and Tackle ) —

A block is a portable pulley, made of wood, metal orwood and metal, through which a rope of chain passesfor lifting/lowering heavy items. They may be ofvarious types — single block, double block or tripleblock, depending on the number of sheaves or wheelsover which the rope runs ( see ‘Tackle’ ).

2.1.10 Blower/Exhauster ( Smoke) — A machinewhich blows fresh air exhausts smoke from smokelogged roomdarea.

2.1.11 Branch — A tapering metal fitting employedat the end of a line of hose between the deliverycoupling and the nozzle, in order to increase thevelocity of the fluid ( water ).

2.1.11.1 Di@ser branch — A branch which can givea jet or spray of variable size which can be shut offatwill.

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IS 7673:2004

2.1.11.2 Ex~ended branch — A longer branchdesigned for specialized use on shouldering firesinside coal and haystacks. They may be up to 2 mlength with a pointed]leadwitha number of smallholes for injecting water into the stacks.

2.1.11.3 Goose neck branch — Itconsists of a shortlength of pipe of uniform bore throughout curved ina semi-circle and fitted with a coupling at one end forattachment to a line of hose is place ofa branch.

2.1.11.4 Hclllci-cC~tltvo[/eli branch — A branch whichcan be adjusted to give a jet or a spray or both, eachbeing independently controllable by the branchman.It can be completely shut-off also.

2.1.11.5 Hose-reef brunch — Used with hose-reels.They may be either the simple type for jet only, ordual-purpose type for jet and spray.

2.1.11.6 Bt-a17ch ho/der — Any device for taking partof the weight and reaction of a branch at work.

2.1.11.7 Brunch radial — Branch designed tofacilitate the handling of larger jets that cannot becontrolled by branchman alone, andusually used withbranch holders. Not commonly used now.

2.1.11.8 Revolving branch— A collecting breechingto the outlet of which is connected a casting whichrevolves on ball bearings and carries two branchesdiametrically opposed. It is rotated by the backpressure of water passing through two outletsplaced opposite and slanting to the casting. In themodern version, it is designed as a revolving head( revolving nozzle) with about 12 inclined jet orificesset for rotation on ball bearings, which is attached toa metal body ( branch like ) with a male instantaneouscoupling for connecting to delivery hose.

2.1.11.9 Short branch — It is the metal pipe portionof the branch pipe or branch with a male instantaneouscoupling at one end for connection to a femaleinstantaneous coupling and outlet threaded end forccrnnection to the nozzle.

2.1.11.10 Stream: form branch — A short branchwith internal cylindrical tube with guide vanes toreduce turbulence in the water and produce a moresolid jet.

2.1.12 Breathing Apparatus — An apparatusprovided with its own supply of breathing air oroxygen to enable the wearer to work in an atmospherewhich would not otherwise support life.

2.1.13 Breeching — Breechings are hose fittingswith different types of inlets and outlets used eitherfor uniting two lines of hose into one, or dividing oneline of hose into two.

2.1.13.1 Collecting breeching — A fitting used to

join two lines of hose to form one. Sometimes knownas a ‘two-into-one breaching’. It has normaily twomale instantaneous coupling inlets and one femaleinstantaneous coupling outlet.

2.1.13.2 Con[rol breeching — A breeching fittedwith a valve or valves to shut off the flow to one orboth lines.

2.1.13.3 Dividing breeching — A fitting used todivide one line of hose into two. Sometimes knownas a ‘one-into-two breaching’.

NOTE — If this is fitted with a valve to control theflowofwatcrit isknownasa ‘controldividingbreeching’.

2.1.13.4 Radial breaching — A collecting breeching,fitted with a non-return valve in each leg and used inconjunction with a radial branch.

2.1.14 Fire Bucket — Usually buckets havinground bottom and of 91 capacity,

2.1.15 Ceiling Hook — A wooden or steel pole usuallyof 3 m length, having at the top of steel point with aspur at right angles, the head with the point and thespur being about 35 to 40 cm long.

2.1.16 Collar Pipe — A piece of equipment for useat smoky fires in basements, collars, and ship’s holds.It is connected to delivery hose at one end and witha swiveling nozzle attached to a revolving base atthe either end. When charged, the nozzle can beelevated, depressed or made to rotate as desired bya.control handle at the top.

2.1.17 Chimney Rods — Jointed rods to which thetubing of a stirrup putnp can be secured for dealingwith chimney fires,

2.1.18 Collecting Head — A metal casting havingon one side a number of inlets ( two, three or four )according to the capacity of pump, fitted with standardmale instantaneous delivery hose couplings, and onother side a single outlet fitted with a standard femalescrew type suction hose coupling for connection tothe pump inlet. Each inlet on a collecting head is fittedwith a non-return valve. Also known as SuctionCollecting Head.

2.1.19 Conical Strainer — A removable wirestrainer fitted in the suction inlet of pump.

2.1.20 Suction Hose Coupling — A round-threadscrewed coupling used for joining two suction hoses.

2.1.21 Chemical Incident Control Unit — Anappliance designed and equipped to attend chemicalincidents.

2.1.22 Protection Suit ( Chemical) — A one-piecegarment which, when worn with self-contained orairline breathing apparatus, gives protection against

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hazardous substances.

1S 7673:2004

to the branch.

2.1.23 Control Uzn—AvehicIe equipped asamobilecontrol room for use by the officer-in-charge at largeincidents, usually equipped with radio and sometimes,field telephones. Normally identified by red and whitechequered markings.

2.1.24 Crowbar — A steel bar about 3 ft, in lengthwith a chisel point at one end and a notch at the other.

2.1.25 Cu~ters — Cutters of various types are usedin fire service for cutting metal bolts, padlocks hasps,metal obstacles, etc, for rescue and frre-fightingoperations. Bolt cutters and shears are examples.

2.1.26 Dam

2.1.2,6.1 Collapsible dam — A container, usuallyportable, for storage of water from which fire fightingpumps can operate.

2.1.26.2 Portable dam, non-collapsible — Madetfiroughout of canvas/plastic with self-supportingwalls, usually stiffened with bamboo/light weightcanes.

2.1.26.3 Scaffolding dam — A canvaslplasticcontainer supported by a rapidly assembled tubularmetal frame.

2.1.27 Delivery Head — A fitting used prin-cipallyon fire boats by which water from the pump or pumpsis made to feed a number of hose lines simultaneously.Each outlet is controlled by a valve.

2.1.28 D@ser Adaptor — A fitting attached betweenthe branch and nozzle of a deluge set or radial branchwhich breaks up the stream to a heavy spray or mist.

2.1.29 Door Breaker — A device for breaking in adoor, or forcing it off its hinges to effect an entry.

2.1.30 Dosimeter — A small portable instrument usedfor detecting the total amount of gamma radiationreceived by the wearer.

2.1.31 Drill Tower — A tower built in fire stationpremises, either with steel sections or masonry, forthe purpose of providing facilities to the fire servicepersonnel to carry out practice drills and for dryingthe hoses. The height varies from 15 to 18 maccording to the size of the fire station.

2,1.32 Ejector Pump — A portable jet pump designedfor removing water from depths beyond the maximumpractical lift of pumps and/or in confined spaces. Itis operated by water delivered from a pump throughstandard delivery hose.

2.1.33 Elbow:for-nozzle — A metal attachmentwhich can be fitted between the branch and the nozzleto enable a jet of water to be delivered at right angles

2.1.34 Electric Power Tools — Electrically .operatedhand tools of various kinds, such as drills and saws,which are usually carried on-Emergency Tenders.

2.1.35 Emergency Tender — An appliance carryingspecialized equipment, such as cutting and lightingequipment, breathing apparatus, generators, floodlights, various rescue tools, etc, for use at specialservices incidents.

2.1.36 Expander — A tool for fitting couplings torubber-lined hose.

2.1.37 Heavy Duty Pump — An extra heavy pump ofcapacity 5 000- I 100 Ipm. The capacity may vary from4000 to 4500 Ipm also, mounted on a self-propelledchassis, in barges, on fire beats or as a stationary pump,distinguishable by having six deliveries.

2.1.38 False Spindle — A device to make up the loosefitting of hydrant key, generally known as a falsespindle. It is used on the squared top of the hydrantspindle.

2.1.39 Fire-Boat — A vessellboat with pumpsdesigned for fire-fighting and propelled by its ownengines.

2.1.40 Fire Engine — A self-propelled applianceequipped with necessary accessories required forfire fighting.

2.1.41 First-Aid Box — The medical first-aid boxcarried on appliances.

2.1.42 Fire Beater — A wooden or bamboo approx1.5to 2 m long, at one end of which a piece of reinforcedcanvas ( central steel wire fabric covered on both sidesby canvas fabric pieces ) is fitted. Used for beatingout grass and bush fires.

2.1.43 Fog-Nozzle — A nozzle in which fog ( finemist ) or jet is produced by firemen, It has also hand-control device.

2.1.44 Ga//ows — Fitting at the forward end of a firetender, etc, to take the weight of the head afan escapeor other ladder. This is also known as headrest.

2.1.45 Gan[r~l — A fitting at the rear of an applianceto carry a ladder.

2.1.46 Gas- Tight Chemical Protection Suit — A onepiece garment which, when worn with B.A. set, givesa high degree of protect ion against hazardous/harmfulliquids, particles and gaseous or vapour contaminants.

2.1.47 Gooseneck — A ‘U’ shaped short length ofpipe fitted with a coupling at one end for attachmentto a line of hose for filling dams.

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IS 7673:2004

2.1.48 Stirrup Pump — A small pump workmanually from buckets of water which deliversfrom 6.5 to 13.5 Ipm.

2.1.49 Hay KnI~e — It consists of curved or saw-edged type blade, mounted on a shaft with crankedhandle.

2.1.50 Helmets — A head and neck protectiveheadwear to safeguard against injuries, used byindustrial workers, scooterists, firemen and civil defencestaff.

2.1.51 Hamaphrodite Coupling — A type ofinterlocking coupling for delivery hose normallyencountered only at docks and harbours and on boardships. Both the interconnecting couplings are identical

2.1 .“52 Hook Be/[ — A specially designed belt foruse with a hook ladder. A special type is also usedwith Turn-Table Ladders. Sometimes known as ‘PompierBelt’ also.

2.1.53 Hose Bracket — A rope or webbing sling usedfor securing hose on a ladder, or for making fast a line,or for carrying a charged length.

2.1.54 Hose Binding Machine — A machine usedfor binding the coupling with hoses.

2.1.55 Hose Bandages — This item is also used likehose bandages for temporarily covering the holes inhose thereby preventing leakage and bursting of hose.Leather gaiters fitted with straps and buckles are akoavailable.

“2.1.56 Hose Clamps — The clamps made of canvaswith steel fittings used for charged hoses.

2.1.57 Hose Ramp — A device to enable vehicles torun over delivery hose without damaging.

2.1.58 Hose Ree[ — It is made of rubber tubingwith fabric and steel wire reinforcement used forfighting fires in initial stages. It is also called ‘First-Aid Hose Reel’.

2.1.59 Hose-Reel Coupling — Both screwed andhermaphrodite types of coupling are used with hose-reel hose.

2.1.60 Hose Sling — A rope or webbing sling usedfor the same purpose as a hose bracket.

2.1.61 Hose Strap-— A strap used for securing a lengthof hose when it is rolled.

2.1.62 Suction Hose — It is used on the suction sideof the pump, where water flowing is at pressures eitherabove or b~w that of atmosphere. It is speciallyconstructed to withstand external pressure. Normallyreferred to simply as suction.

2.1.63 Hydraulic Platform — An appliance carrying

two hydraulically operated booms with cage attachedat the upper end. Large sizes have an additional shortboom from the upper main boom. The booms can beoperated either from the turntable or from the cageand can be rotated through 360°. The cage is fittedwith a monitor and can also be used for rescue purposes.The extended height ranges from 25 to 50 m or more.

2.1.64 Ladders

2.1.64.1 Extension Iaddcrs — Ladders in two sections(one main and one extending section) extended bymeans ofa rope/line. They may be in sizes, namely,4.5 m, 7.5 m or 10.5 m, when fully extended. They maybe of wood ( as earlier) or of aluminium.

2.1.64,2 Extension ladder (with jacks ) — A three-section extension ladder with jacks, plumbing gearand supporting props.

2.1.64.3 Turntable ladder ( TTL) — A special self-supporting and power operated extension iadder,mounted on turntable the whole ladder assemblybeing mounted ona self-propelled chassis. It consistsof a main ladder with 3 or 4 extensions and can beextended telescopically to about 30.5 m. It is operatedeither mechanical Iyor hydraulically and can be rotatedthrough a complete circle. It is usually fitted with amonitor and a rescue cage at the head of the ladder.The mechanically operated TTLs have beendiscontinued.

2.1.65 Lines — These form an essential part of firebrigade equipment. There is hardly any operationin fire fighting which does not call for the use of aline of one type of another. These are made fromropes which are constructed out of natural or man-made fibres.

2.1.65.1 Be/t /ine — A small diameter line carriedon the belt, and used for lashing branches sealingladders etc. Sometimes known as pocket line. It isusually about 12 ft ( 3.66 m ) long.

2.1.65.2 Bobbin line — A line about 40 m in lengthwound on a bobbin and carried in a pouch on atype of safety belt. Used for hauling up small gear.May also be used as a guide line.

2.1.65.3 Grass line— A line made of coir or syntheticfibre which will float on water. Used as an endlessship on fireboats.

2.1,65.4 Guide line — A line 60 m long used incertain circumstances to guide fire fighter in andout of a building when B.A. sets are worn.

2.1.65.5 Guy line

a) A line ( usually 40 m long ) attached to a TTLto assist in maintaining stability iq highwinds.

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IS 7673:2004

b) A line bent on to an object, for example,rescue sling, stretcher or ladder, to keep itclear of obstructions which being lowered.May be formed from the lowering line itselfby making the ‘chair knot’ or ‘bowline onthe bight’ in the middle of the line.

2.1.65.6 .Lorzgline — A 16 mm diameter generalpurpose line, 30 m long.

2.1.65.7 .Lowering line — A 16mm diameter syntheticline 40 m long used for rescue and may have two legsone of which is spliced in 1.5 m from one end of theline. Each leg is fitted with a running eye.

2.1.65.8 Personal line — A line up to 6 m long, securedat one end to a B.A. -set and fitted at the other endwith a snap hook for attaching to a guide line whenB.A. is worn. This line can be used at its futl extent( 6 m ) for searching off a guide line or it may be usedshort ( 1.25 m ) for traversing a guide line.

2.1.65.9 Pocket line — A small diameter line carriedin a fireman’s uniform pocket and used for lashingbranches, etc.

2.1.65.10 Rescue line — A special 16 mm diametersynthetic line ( usually 70 m long ) used for rescuework with TTLs or other extension ladders.

2.1.65.11 Short line — A 16 mm diameter generalpurpose line, I5 m long.

2.1.65.12 Tail line— A line not more than 6 m longpermanently attached to a TTL rescue sling. Usedto prevent undue swinging of a person being rescuedwhen the TTL is trained away from the building.

2.1.66 Pad Lock Remover

A lever fitted with slots in which a padlock isinserted. [t is used to remove a padlock when affectingan entry.

2.1.67 Portable Pump

A self-contained portable pumping unit.

2.1.68 Power Take Off ( PTO) — This is a deviceused for diverting power from a Fire Tenders roadengine for driving a built-in fire fighting pump in theappliance. Similar devices are used to drive thehydraulic pumps with power TTLs and HydraulicPlatforms. There are several types of PTO for drivingfire pumps like: (i) from the gear box, (ii) from the driveshaft to the gear box, (iii) from a transfer box.

2.1.69 pump

A mechanical means of imparting energy to water.An essential equipment required for fire-fightingpurposes, either carried manually ( portable ),mounted on trailer ( Trailer fire pump ) or mounted

( built-in ) on fire appliances ( Fire tenders, WaterTenders, etc ).

2.1.70 Pumping Appliance (Fire Tendec Water Tendec

Etc) — A self-propelled appliance having a built-inpump carries an extension ladder and hose-reelequipment with a water tank ( see 2.1.37 ).

2.1.71 Fire Engine — A self-propelled appliancehaving a built-in pump with a minimum capacity of2270 Ipm, carries a 13.5 m ladder and has a water tankcapacity of approximately I 3701.

2.1.72 Rescue Sling — A special sling used forlowering people. It has two props connected to a steelring by which it is attached to a TTL rescue line.Sometimes used as an alternative to spliced legs ona.lowering line.

2.1.73 Resuscitation Apparatus — Apparatus forsupplying oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and air to aperson needing artificial respiration.

2.1,74 Rubber Gloves — Gloves tested to 25000 Vfor use where live electrical equipment are involved.

2.1.75 Safety Belt — A special belt with a swivel typehook for use with TTLs.

2.1.76 Safety D-evice — A mechanical deviceincorporating a line and a belt. The device must beattached to the head of TTL or hydraulic platform( HP) or to the anchorage of drill tower.

2.1.77 Safety Device Belt — The belt attached to theline of a safety device which must be worn by the firefighter being carried down,

2.1.78 Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus

(SCBA ) — Apparatus which is provided with its ownsupply of breathing air.

2.1.79 Self: Propelled Pump — An appliance with apump mounted on it. The pump may be fitted withits own power unit or be operated by a PTO from theroad engine.

2.1.80 Steel-Shod Lever — A large wooden lever,steel shod at one end, for lifting heavy objects andforcing doors, etc.

2.1,81 Strainers — A device used to keep outunwanted foreign bodies from the water beingsucked into the pump.

2.1:81.1 Basket strainer — It is used over the suet ionstrainer to prevent entry of dirt and leaves, etc. Thecanvas part is known as the ‘skirt’.

2.1.81.2 Conical strainer — A removable wire strainerfitted in the suction inlet of the pump.

2.1.81,3 S/ipper strainer — A low-level suctionstrainer facilitating pumping from shallow water.

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IS 7673:2004

Water can only enter via the bottom of the strainerwhich stands on four short legs.

2.1.81.4 Suction strainer — A metal strainerconnected to the end of suction hose to prevent entryinto the suction of objects liable to choke or damagethe pump.

2.1.82 Sucllon

2.1.82.1 Hard suction — Suction hose constructedto withstand external pressure without collapsing.

2.1.82.2 Soft suction — Delivery type hose used toconnect a pump to a source of supply under pressurec>reaterthan atmospheric.a

2.1.82.3 Suction crutch — A device for taking theweight of a pump suction used in conjunction withportable dams.

2.1.82.4 Suction reduction piece — A short lengthof suction of smaller diameter than the mainsuction fitted with a hose coupling at one end forattachment to the standpipe head and a femalesuction coupling at the other end for union with themain suction hose or the pump inlet.

2.1.82.5 Suction wrench — Used to tighten up thejoints on the.suction.

2.1.83 Trailer Fire Pump — A pump mounted on atwo-wheeled chassis which may be towedbehind anappliances or man-handled. There are two main types:light and large.

2.2 Extinguishers

2.2.1 Fire Extinguishers — Portable items of firefighting equipment containing a fire extinguishingmedium which is expelled by internal pressure, eitherstored or chemically induced, or by the action of apressurised gas cartridge. Lar-ger models may bemounted on a simple two-wheel chassislframe whichis moved manually to the fire.

2.2.2 BCF Extinguisher — An extinguisher, chargedwith bromochlorodifluoromethane ( HaIon 1211 )under pressure, which is operated by piercing a sealeddisc. These are under phase-out.

2.2.3 Carbon Dioxide ( CO1 ) Extinguisher — Anextinguisher charged with carbon dioxide underpressure which is operated by piercing a sealed discloperating a wheel valve/operating a squeeze-grip typevalve.

2.2.4 Water Type ( Gas Cartridge) Extinguisher —

A hand operated extinguisher charged with water inwhich the contents are ejected by pressure generatedby the release of carbon dioxide from a cartridge ofcompressed gas contained in the extinguisher. Thecapacity of the portable type is 91.

2.2.5 Dry Powder Extinguisher — A hand operatedextinguisher containing finely powdered chemicalswhich are expelled from the extinguisher by means ofan inert gas, contained either in a compressed gascartridge or as stored pressure in the body of theextinguisher. The bulk of the chemical contents isusually bicarbonate of soda for conventional type ofdry powder extinguisher. For other types the contentsmay be mono-ammonium phosphate ( ABC powder)based, potassium bicarbonate based or potassiumcarbonate based or some other chemical( BC powder ).

2.2.6 Foam Extinguisher — Hand operateclextinguisher, capacity approximately 9 1, forgenerating small quantities of foam.

2.2.6.1 Mechanicalfoam extinguisher — In this, pre-mixed foam solution from aqueous film formingfoam ( AFFF ) concentrate mixed with water is expelledafter actuation by compressed air or nitrogen in thebody of the extinguisher ( stored pressure type ), orby C02 gas liberated from a small cartridge ( gascartridge type ). The foam is projected from a miniatureself-aspirating foam branch pipe at the end of a shorthose.

2.2.7 Water Type (Stored Pressure) Extinguisher —

A hand operated extinguisher charged with water inwhich the contents are ejected by air pressure storedin the body of the extinguisher above the liquid. Thecapacity of the portable type is 91.

2.2.8 Vaporisirrg Liquid Extinguishers — While BCFtype vaporizing liquid extinguishers are underphase-out due to their ozone depletion potential ( ODP ),other portable extinguishers with acceptablevaporizing liquid gaseous extinguishants are nowbeing introduced.

2.3 Hydrant System Equipment

2.3.1 Branch Pipe, Universal — A branch capableof providing fine spray and widespreading curtainof water in addition to a straight jet. It incorporatesa shut-off position also.

2.3.2 Coupling — Any metal fitting for joining twolengths of hose, or any piece of equipment to a lengthof hose is termed a coupling.

2.3.2,1 Hose delivery colip[ing — An instantaneouscoupling used for connecting two delivery hoses orany other hose fitting to a delivery hose.

2.3.2.2 Instantaneous ,female coupling — It is asingle metal casting with a serrated or ribbed tail atone end for tying it into the hose. The other end hasan annular lip for engaging the plungers in the femalecoupling.

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IS 7673:2004

2.3.2.3 Instantaneous male coupling— For hosecontiection, it is fitted with two pull-release spring-Ioaded plungers on one end. and the other end hasa serrated or ribbed tail for ( tying ) it into the hose.The standard female coupling on pump and hydrantstandpipe outlets are fitted with a single twist-releasespring-loaded plunger.

2.3.2.4 Double female coupling — An instantaneouscoupling having two male outlets in one, used whenhoses are laid male to male.

2.3.2.5 Double male coupling — An instantaneouscoupling having two female outlets in one, used whenhoses are laid female to female.

2.3.3 Hose — A pipe used for conveying water, foam,etc.

2.3.4 Delivery Hose — It is used at the delivery sideof the pump, which conveys water at pressures abovethat of atmosphere. The standard sizes are 38 mm,50 mm, 63 mm and 70 mm.

2.3.5 Hose Lined — It consists of a jacket wovenfrom vegetable fibres and having a rubber or plasticlining, a synthetic fibre and lining, or a combinationof both natural and synthetic fibre. It is also calledas ‘Non-Percolating’ delivery hose.

2.3.6 Hose Unlined— Woven from vegetable fibres,and allows percolation of water. There is also amodification known as Controlled Percolating Hose.

2.3.7 Hydrant — A fitting attached to a water mainbelow street or pavement level. The hydrantincorporates a control valve and an outlet connectionto which a standpipe or a delivery hose can beattached.

‘2.3.7.1 Sluice valves type — A type of undergroundfire hydrant consisting of one or two sluice valveswith duct foot bend.

2.3.7.2 Standpost type — The hydrant fixed abovethe ground with male or female couplings.

2.3.8 Hydrant Cover Key — A tool used to lift thecover of certain types of hydrants.

2.3.9 Hydrant Key and Bar — Tools used to openup a hydrant ( the bar ) and to turn on the valve ( thekey ).

2.3.10 Hydrant Stand Pipe — A pipe used to extendthe outlet of the underground fire hydrant abovet~round ]evel for connecting delivery or suction hose.D

2.3.11 Landing Va[ves — Internal hydrantsprovided in buildings, including multi-storeybuildings, connected to wet/dry risers.

2.3.12 Lloflitor ( Portable/Fix edlOscillating ) —

A special type of branch having large outputcapacity with lateral and vertical travel mounted onan appliance, or designed to operate unattended atground level when it is known as a ‘ground monitor’.

2.3.12,1 Oscillating monitor — A monitor which iscapable of operating while automatically moving fromside to side ( oscillating ). Examples are OscillatingMonitors fitted on bund walls of Refinery Tank Farms,Aircraft hangars, etc.

2.3.13 Nozzle — The piece of equipment which isscrewed on to the end of the branch and controls theflow of the stream directed on to the fire. It can be ofvarious sizes depending on the size of the orifice.

2.3.14 Nozzle Spanner — A spanner used to tightenthe joint between nozzle and branch,

2.4 Sprinklers System Equipment

2.4.1 Alarm Test Valve — A valve through which watermay be drawn to test the operationof the water motorfire alarm and/or of any associated electric fire alarm.

2.4.2 Alarm Valve — A check valve, of the wet, dryor composite type, that also initiates the water motorfire alarm when the sprinkler installation operates.

2.4,3 Alarm Valve Pre-action — An alarm valvesuitabk for a pre-action installation.

2.4.4 Alarm Valve Recycling — An alarm valvesuitable for recycling installation.

2.4.5 Arm Pipe — A pipe, other than the last sectionof a range pipe, feeding a single sprinkler.

2.4.6 Cut-ojfSprinkler — A sprinkler protecting adoor or window between two areas only one of whichis protected by the sprinkler.

2.4.7 Distribution Pipe — A pipe feeding either arange pipe directly or a single sprinkler on a non-terminal range pipe more than 300 mm long.

2.4.8 Distribution Pipe Spur — A distribution pipefrom a main distribution pipe, to a terminal branchedpipe array.

2.4.9 Drencher — A sprayer used to distribute waterover a surface to provide protection against fireexposure.

2.4.10 Drop — A vertical pipe feeding a distributionor range pipe.

2.4.11 Fastener — A device for attaching pipe hangercomponents to a building structure or racking.

2.4,12 Fire Door — A door and frame of specifiedfire resistance complying with 1S3808.

7

IS 7.673:2004

2.4.13 Fire Shutter— A shutter and frame of specifiedfire resistance complying with 1S3808.

2.4.14 Hanger — An assembly for suspendingpipework from the elements of building structure.

2.4.15 Installation, Wet Pipe — An installation inwhich the pipe work is always charged with water.

2.4.16 Jockey Putnp — A small pump used toreplenish minor water loss to avoid starting anautomatic suction or booster pump unnecessarily.

2.4.17 Range Pipe — A pipe feeding sprinkler directlyor via arm pipes of restricted length.

2.4.18 Riser — A vertical pipe feeding a distributionor range pipe above.

2.4.19 Sprinkler Rosette — A plate covering the gapbetween shank of the body or a sprinkler projectingthrough a suspended ceiling and the ceiling.

2.4.20 Sling Rod— A rod with a sling eye or screwedends for supporting pipe clips, rings, band hangersetc.

2.4.21 Sprinkler Ceiling or Flush Pattern — Apendent sprinkler for fitting partly above, but withthe temperature sensitive element below the lowerplane of the ceiling,

2.4.22 Sprinkler Concealed — A recessed sprinklerwith a cover plate that disengages when the heat isapplied.

2.4.23 Sprinkler “Conventional Pattern — A sprinklerthat gives a spherical pattern of water discharge.

2.4.24 Sprinkler Glass Bulb — A sprinkler whichopens when a liquid filled glass bulb bursts.

2.4.25 Sprinkler Horizontal — A sprinkler in whichthe nozzle directs the water horizontal.

2.4.26 Sprinkler Intermediate — A sprinklerinstallation below, and additional to the roof orceiling sprinklers.

2.4.27 Sprinkler Pendent — A sprinkler in which thenozzle directs water downwards.

2.4.28 Sprinkle~ Roof or Ceiling — A sprinklerprotecting the roof or ceiling.

2.4.29 Sprinkler Upright — A sprinkler in whichthe nozzle directs the water upwards.

2.4.30 Sprinkler Yoke Arms — The part of thesprinkler that retains the heat sensitive elementsin load bearing contact with the sprinkler head valve.

2.4.31 Suction Pump — An automatic pumpsupplying water to a sprinkler system from a suction

tank.

2.4.32 Supply Pipe — A pipe connecting a watersupply to a trunk main or the installation main controlvalve set(s); or a pipe supplying water to a privatereservoir, suction tank or gravity tank.

2.5 Water Spray Equipment

2,5.1 Spray Nozzle — A normally open waterdischarging device which, when supplied withwater under pressure will distribute the water in aspecial, directional pattern peculiar to the particulardevice.

Nozzles used for high velocity water spray systemsare called ‘Projectors’ and nozzles used for mediumvelocity water spray systems are called ‘Sprayers’.Both these nozzles are made in a range of orifice sizeswith varying discharge angles so that dischage canbe controlled for optimum protection.

2.5.2 Deluge Valve — A quick opening valve whichadmits water automatical Iy to a system and is operatedmanually or electrically.

2.5.3 Insulated Equipment — Equipment structuresvessels provided with insulation which for the expectedduration of exposure, will protect steel from exceedinga temperature of 454°C ( 850 F ) for structuralmembers and 343°C ( 650 F ) for vessels.

2.5.4 Automa!ic Detection Equipment — Equipmentwhich will automatically detect one or morecomponents directly related to combustion, such asheat, smoke, flame and other phenomenon and causeautomatic actuation of alarm and protectionequipment.

2.5.5 Fire Barrier — A fire barrier is a continuouswall or floor that is designed and constructed to limitthe spread of fire.

2.5.6 Range Pipe — Pipes on which sprinklers areattached either directly or through short arm pipes,which do not exceed 300 mm in length.

2.5.7 Distribution Pipe — Pipes which directly feedthe range pipes.

2.6 Foam System Equipment

2.6,1 Foam Inlet Adaptor — An adaptor fitted onfixed foam inlets to enable foam making branches tofeed into a fixed installation.

2.6.2 Foam Making Branch — Any branch used forgenerating mechanical foam, irrespective of whethera knapsack tank or an inductor is being used. It is ameans of aerating mixture of foam compound andwater, and for projecting foam on to a fire.

2.6.3 Foam Compound — A liquid used in the

production of mechanical foam.

2.6.4 Foam Generators — Mechanical foamgenerators are equipment for generating foam anddelivering it through a hose line.

2.6.5 Foam lnlitie Inductor -— A means of inducingfoam compound into the water stream on the deliveryside before it reaches the foam generating devices.

2.6.6 Foam Dal~~— A portable reservoir to providea continuous supply of foam compound/concentratefor extended foam production. At titmes foam trailersare also used for the same purpose.

2.6.7 Foa)ll Tet?der — An appliance wholly or mainlyused for carrying and operating foam-producingequipment.

2.6.8 High E.~ponsion Foam Generator — A pieceof equipment for generating high expansion foam.

2.6.9 Mul(iple l}lduc[or — It is an apparatus workingon the principles of the foam inductor for generatingfoam when connected to.a.pump. Even up to No. 10foam branch pipes can work with it.

2.6.10 Pick-up Tube — A tube through which foamconcentrate is drawn into foam generating equipment.

2.7 Fire Alarm System Equipment

2.7.1 Ac[ivution Device — Device capable of beingoperated automatically or manually to initiate an alarmof fire, that is, detector, a manual call point or a pressureswitch.

2.7.2 Addressable System — A system in which signalsfrom each detector and/or call point are individuallyidentified at tl~econtrol panel.

2.7.3 Automatic Fire A/arm System — Fire alarmsystem comprising components and sub-systemsrequired for detecting a fire, initiating an automaticalarm for fire and initiating other action as required.

2.7.4 Al(tomatic Fire Sigtlal — An alarm of fireoriginated from an automatic device given audiblyor visibly or both.

2.7.5 Control und lrrdica[ed Equipment — Unit(s)containing the controls, relays, switches andassociated circuits that are necessary to:

a) provide power,

b) receive signals from alarm initiating devicesand transmit them to the fire alarm servicesand control for fire protection equipment, and

c) electrically supervise the system circuitry.

2.7.6 Detector — A part of an automatic detectionsystem that contains at least one sensor which

1S 7673:2004

constantly or at frequent intervals monitors at leastone suitable physical and/or chemical phenomenon,associated with fire, and that provides at least onecorresponding signals to the control and indicatingequipment. Detectors can initiate alarm throughanyone of the outputs of combustion that isconductive or convective or radiant.

2.7.7 Hooter or Horn Siren — An electronic hooteror horn or electric bell associated with fire alarmsystem,

2.7.8 Matlllal (’all Point — Manually operateddevice used to initiate an alarm signal.

2.7.9 Mimic Pane/- A panel in which the floor/areaplans of the premises is protected to reduced scaleto enable easy identification of the sector/zone withinthe sy-stem.

2.7.10 Soutlder/Hoo/er — An electronic hooter orhorn or electric bell associated with the fire alarmsystem.

2.8 Gaseous System Equipment

2.8.1 A l(tf)tl]~~tic/M(itliicll Switch — A mean ofconverting the system from automatic to manual( manual override) and vice-versa.

2.8.2 Con/ai)tel” - A cylinder or other vessels usedto store the clean agent,

2.8.3 Con[ainer Dis~harge Vulve — A valvedirectly connected to a container which whenactuated releases the clean agent into the distributionpiping.

2.8.4 Contro/ Device — A device to control thesequence of events leading to the release of cleanagent.

2.8.5 Direc/i(j)ta/ Va/ve — A device for controllingthe passage of the clean agent from a suppiy manifoldand directed to pre-selected area(s) of protection,

2.8.6 Discharge Inhibit ,S!ilch — A manual Iyoperatedswitch that prevents the automatic discharge of theclean agent.

2.8.7 Lock-o~f 14:/ve –- A mechanical Iy operateddevice which prevents a clean agent from beingdischarged through distribution pipework to theprotected area.

2.8.8 Operaiing Devict -- Any component involvedbetween actuation and release mechanisms.

2.8.9 Safet~ I}?lerlock — A switch that monitors theoccupation of the protected area and automaticallyinhibits the discharge of the clean agent when thearea is occupied.

9

Bureau of Indian Standards

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Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewedperiodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes areneeded; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standardsshould ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issueof ‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards : Monthly Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : No., CED22(7112 ).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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