is behavior inherited or is it learned by xyris
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Is Behavior Inherited or Is it
Learned?
Nature vs. Nurture
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Nature versus Nurture Debate The common description of the controversy over the relative importance of heredity (nature) and environment (nurture) in the causation of human behavior.
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What is nature?
represents the idea that behavior is inherited
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What is nurture?
the sum of the environmental factors influencing the behavior and traits expressed by an organism
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Principles of Inheritance
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Genetics
the science that deals with the study of inherited traits
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Gregor Mendel
an Austrian monk and scientist who studied modern genetics began in 1860’s
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Chromosomesis an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in cells.
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DNADeoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms
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Gene a unit of heredity in a living organism
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Two Forms of Trait
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Dominant Gene expressed trait
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Recessive Gene
not expressed trait
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Genotype
Individual’s genetic composition
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PhenotypeObservable expression of gene action
Refers to the external appearance
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“Nurture" has historically been referred to as the care given to children by the parents
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Factors Affecting Behavior experiencespeople that surrounds you
the environment the kind of family
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The view that humans acquire all or almost all their behavioral traits from "nurture" is known as empiricism
*Tabula rasa – blank slate- term coined by John Locke (empiricist) - a person is born without knowledge and thus gain knowledge from the environment he is living
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Behaviorism A theoretical outlook that focus
only on the relation between observable behavior, on one hand, and the environmental events, on the other.
Focuses entirely on the association between the environment and an observable behavior
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Classical ConditioningIvan PavlovA Nobel-prize winner in physiology, who
studied involuntary learning behavior.Experiment: dogs salivated in response
to the sight of the lab technician who fed them
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Operant ConditioningB.F. Skinner, a radical behavioristBelieved that virtually all forms
of human behavior, not just learning, could be explained by behavior emitted in reaction to the environment
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