is it easier to dissolve sugar in hot tea, or cold tea? why do you think this is?
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Setup Cornell Notes, Titled: “Solutions and Solubility”. Is it easier to dissolve sugar in hot tea, or cold tea? Why do you think this is? What does it mean, to “dissolve”?. Solutions and Solubility. 5-10-11 Cornell Notes Guided WS. Key Definitions. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Is it easier to dissolve sugar in hot tea, or cold tea? Why do you think this is?
What does it mean, to “dissolve”?
Setup Cornell Notes, Titled: “Solutions and Solubility”
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Solutions and Solubility
5-10-11Cornell NotesGuided WS
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Key Definitions
Solution - a uniform mixture that contains one substance dissolved in another substance
Dissolve - to cause to disappear or vanish
Solvent - The substance that dissolves the solute in a solution. Also, the most plentiful substance in a solution.
Solutes - One or more substances dissolved in a solution.
SOLUTE SOLVENT
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What happens when something dissolves?Particles of a solute become surrounded by
particles of a solvent
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Solubility
The ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent.
MORE COLLISIONS BETWEEN SOLVENT AND SOLUTE = HIGHER SOLUBILITY
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Factors that affect solubility: How do we dissolve things?MORE COLLISIONS BETWEEN SOLVENT AND
SOLUTE = HIGHER SOLUBILITY
Agitation: shaking or mixing Surface area: the amount of substance touching
the solvent Temperature: makes molecules move
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Levels of SaturationHow much solute is dissolved in a
solution
Unsaturated: if you were to add more solute, it would still dissolve
Saturated: you have dissolved all the solute you can
Supersaturated: There is more solute dissolved than is possible (it starts precipitating back into a solid)
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Common terms
Concentrated – strong, lots of solute compared to solvent
Diluted – weak, very little solute compared to solvent
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Solubility Curve A picture of how soluble a compound is Solubility vs. Temperature: Measures how
much solute dissolves in 100 mL of water at different temperatures
Temperature (˚C)
Maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in the solvent at that temperature
Solubility (g solute in 100 mL of
H2O)
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What can we do with a solubility curve?
1: Identify which compounds are more soluble at a specific temperature
The higher the curve, the more soluble!
At 100˚C, which is more soluble: KBr or NaCl?
KBr is more soluble!
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What can we do with a solubility curve?
2. We can determine the level of saturation!
Solubility (g solute in 100 mL of
H2O)
Temperature (˚C)
Points where a solution is SATURATED
UNSATURATED
Below the curve
SUPERSATURATED
Above the curve
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Example
Solubility Curve of KNO3
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Temperature (˚C)
So
lub
ility
(g
of
so
lute
in 1
00
mL
of
wa
ter)
If we dissolve 100 g of KNO3 in 100 mL of water at 30˚C, what is the level of saturation of the solution?
SUPERSATURATED
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What can we do with a solubility curve?
3. Determine how much solute can dissolve in a solution at a specific temperature
Solubility Curve of KNO3
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Temperature (˚C)
So
lub
ility
(g
of
so
lute
in 1
00
mL
of
wa
ter)
At 60˚C, how many grams of KNO3 can we dissolve in 100 mL of water?
100 g of KNO3 can
be dissolved!
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What would happen if we dissolved 100g of KNO3 to saturation at 60°C, then lower the temperature to 20°C?
Solubility Curve of KNO3
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Temperature (˚C)
Solub
ility (
g of s
olute
in 10
0 mL o
f wa
ter)
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