isaac newton 1643 - 1727. from physics class: f g = 9.8 n / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 n / kg = gm 1 / r 2 n =...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727
![Page 2: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
From Physics class:
Fg = 9.8 N / kg (mass2)
9.8 N / kg = Gm1 / r2
N = m / s2 * kg
G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2
![Page 3: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
•Light behaves like small particles - corpuscles
•Light travels in straight lines
•Reflect off opaque surfaces
•Penetrate transparent materials
White light made of colors
![Page 4: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Newton
Problems with Reflecting Telescopes
* Longer focal length harder to make
* Chromatic Aberration
![Page 5: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Newtonian Telescope
![Page 6: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Light behaves like waves
– 1600s Christian Huygens • Refraction & Reflection explained by
wave theory of light• Problem – can’t see around corners
![Page 7: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
By 1800
Light has component parts
Light behaves as a particle
![Page 8: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
William Herschel 1738 – 1822 – Discovers Infra-red
![Page 9: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• 1801 • Johann Wilhelm
Ritter discovers Ultraviolet Light
![Page 10: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
– 1827 Thomas Young and Augustin Fresnel• Measures wavelength
• Observes interference of waves
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/interference/doubleslit/
![Page 11: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• 1820 Hans Christian Ørsted – Discovers relationship between electricity &
magnetism– In 1802 Italian Gian Domenico Romagnosi had
already announced this was ignored
![Page 12: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• 1845 Michael Faraday– Fields
![Page 13: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Electric Fields
Magnetic Fields
![Page 14: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Michael Faraday
Light affected by a magnetic field
![Page 15: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• 1873 James Clerk Maxwell– finds the mathematical
relationship between electric fields and magnetic fields
![Page 16: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Electromagnetic Waves
1. Visible light is EM energy
2. There should be other EM frequencies
![Page 17: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• 1889 Heinrich Hertz – Produces small electromagnetic waves that
have properties of light– Produces Radio Waves or “Hertzian waves”
![Page 18: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• 1895 Wilhelm Roentgen– Discovers X - Rays
![Page 19: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
By 1900
Light, Radio and X-rays are Electromagnetic Waves
![Page 20: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• 1914 Gamma Rays Included – Henri Becquerel “Becquerel’s Rays”
Radioactivity– Marie & Pierre Curie discover new elements
Polonium & Radium– Paul Villard finds stronger rays emitted by
radium– 1914 Ernest Rutherford measures wavelength
![Page 21: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• 1930 Microwaves Explored– WW II pushes research– Commercial Research after war
![Page 22: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Early 1900sWe know “light” is a form of electromagnetic radiation
There are many different “kinds” of light or electromagnetic radiation
![Page 23: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Atmospheric Window
![Page 25: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 31: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Think of Light as a stream of particles
Each particle has a certain amount of energy
![Page 32: Isaac Newton 1643 - 1727. From Physics class: F g = 9.8 N / kg (mass 2 ) 9.8 N / kg = Gm 1 / r 2 N = m / s 2 * kg G = 6.67 x 10 -11 Nm 2 /kg 2](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103112/551b8ee1550346167e8b5147/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Is Light a Wave or a Particle?
Wave Particle Duality