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1INTERNATIONAL SOCIETYfor ASPHALT PAVEMENTS

Editor: Prithvi (Ken) Kandhal

ISSUE NO. 30, October 2004

Board of Directors

E. Beuving

A. Collop

J. Harvey

A.Kasahara

M. Partl

H. Von-Quintus

Patron Members

S.M. Al-Blehed

N.M.Al-Salloum

(continued on page 2)

Executive Committee

D.E. Newcomb Chairman

G.Huber 1st V.Chairman

N.M. Al-Salloum 2nd V.Chairman

J. Button Secretary

J. Mahoney Treasurer

At Large Members

S. F. BrownE. R. BrownJ. F. CorteJ. EppsG. KennepohlB. PidwerbeskyI. RickardsP. Ullidtz

E. L. Skok, Executive Administrator

ISAP’S INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ONLONG LASTING ASPHALT PAVEMENTS:AN OUTSTANDING SUCCESS

Professor Carl Monismith, University of Californiaat Berkley, was the keynote speaker at the symposium

The International Society forAsphalt Pavements’ (ISAP) in-ternational symposium on De-sign and Construction of LongLasting Asphalt Pavementswas held on June 7-9, 2004 inAuburn, Alabama, USA. The Na-tional Center for Asphalt Tech-nology (NCAT) hosted thisevent. The symposium was alsosponsored by the U.S. Depart-ment of Transportation (FederalHighway Administration), theAlabama Department of Trans-portation, Asphalt Pave-ment Alliance, and theNational Asphalt Pave-ment Association.

The venue of the in-ternational symposiumwas The Lodge and Con-ference Center at GrandNational Golf Course inthe Auburn/Opelika area,set in the serene coun-tryside of east Alabama.

Over 35 very goodtechnical papers frommany countries concern-ing long lasting asphaltpavements were pre-sented in three days atthe symposium.

The symposium wasattended by about 220people with delegatesfrom twelve countries be-

sides the United States: Austra-lia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada,China, Denmark, India, Korea,Netherlands, Sweden, Switzer-land, and United Kingdom.

Professor Carl Monismith, aninternational leader in pave-ment design and analysis, wasthe keynote speaker at the sym-posium. His presentation pro-vided insight into material se-lection, structural design, andconstruction methods for long

2 THE ISAP REPORTER

(continued from page 1)—International Symposium

lasting pavements.The following papers con-

cerning different aspects of longlasting asphalt pavements werepresented at the symposium.

Long Lasting Asphalt Pave-ments Program•The Federal Highway Admin-

istration’s Long Life PavementTechnology Program

Concepts for Long LastingPavements• A New Canadian Initiative to

Develop a Long Term Programof Pavement Research

• The European Approach toLong Lasting Pavements - AState of the Art review byELLPAG

• Making Best Use of Long LifePavements in Europe

• The Technical and EconomicFeasibility of Long-Life Wear-ing Courses

• Making Best Use of Long LifePavements in Europe

Pavement Design•Foundation Requirements for

Perpetual Pavements•The Effect of Load Spectra

and Variability on PerpetualPavement Design

• Some Suggestions to Improvethe Mechanistic Empirical Bi-tuminous Pavement Design

in Indian Context

•Comparison of De-sign PavementMethods in Franceand Quebec

•Long Life AC Pave-ments: A Discus-sion of Design andConstruction Crite-ria based on Cali-fornia Experience

•Design Principlesof Long LastingHMA Pavements

Materials and Mix Testing• Stone Skeleton Asphalt Mixes

for High Performance• An Integrated Approach to

Avoid Asphalt Moisture Dam-age

• Effect of Hydrated Lime onthe Rheological Properties ofCompatible and IncompatibleAsphalts After Long-Term Oxidative Aging

• Imaging Based Evaluation ofCoarse Aggregate Used In theNCAT Test Track AsphaltMixes

• Open Graded HMAC Consid-ering the Stone on Stone Contact

• Laboratory Study of FatigueCharacteristics of Asphalt Sur-face Mixtures Containing RAP

• A Rapid Performance Test forSuperpave Mixtures

• Prediction of Flow Rutting• Design of 4.75 mm NMAS

Mixes for ThinMaintenanceTreatments

•Fatigue Considerations in theDesign of Long-Lasting Pave-ments

• Determination ofThreshold StrainLevel for FatigueEndurance Limitin Asphalt Mix-tures

• MDV9 Method for AggregatePolish Resistance Determina-tion

Accelerated Loading• Comparison of Rutting Behav-

ior on Test Sections and a Cir-cular Test Track Using aModel Mobile Load Simulator

• Hot-Mix Asphalt AnalysisUsing Accelerated Testing

Warranties• European Asphalt Pavement

Warranties

Construction• Evaluation of Segregation of

Expressway Asphalt Pavement• A Construction Planning and

Evaluation Tool for UrbanFreeway RehabilitationProjects

• Importance of a Good Qual-ity Control Program in the Performance of HMA PavementsCase Studies

Participants from twelve countries besides the U.S.registered at the symposium

Professors Ralph Haas (left) and Jon Eppshaving discussion during the break

Active participation by the audience at the symposium


• Performance of a Long LifeOverlay on a “Perpetual Pave-ment” Infrastructure Project

• The I-710 Freeway Rehabilita-tion Project: Mix and Struc-tural Section Design, Con-struction Specifications, andLessons Learned

• Long Lasting Low VolumePavements in WashingtonState

• Kansas Turnpike - An Ex-

ample of Long Lasting AsphaltPavement

• Performance and Rehabilita-tion of Heavy-Duty Pavementsin the UK: Some Case Stud-ies

• Performance of A Long-LifeOverlay on a “Perpetual Pave-ment” Infrastructure Project

• Performance of Flexible Pave-ments in South Brazil

• A Case Study of Three Full-Depth HMA Interstate Pave-ments

• Long Lasting Asphalt Pave-ments - The Danish Experi-ence

A bound volume of the pro-ceedings, titled “InternationalSymposium on Design and Con-struction of Long Lasting As-phalt Pavements,” June 7-9,2004, is available from the Na-tional Center for Asphalt Tech-nology, Auburn University. Con-

t ac t Caro l Mims a t<[email protected]>to obtain the proceedings.

Exhibit booths were setup by the vendors of ma-terials and equipment. Thedelegates were given atour of NCAT laboratoriesand the Test Track. Guestsof the delegates were en-tertained with tours to theJules Collin Smith Art Mu-

s e u m ,C a l l a w a yGardens, andRoosevelt LittleWhite House.

Thanks to the pa-pers, the local or-ganizers, the sup-port of the ISAPBoard, and the del-egates, the ISAP’sInternational Sym-posium on LongLasting AsphaltPavements was anoutstanding suc-cess!

Prof. Gene Skok (second from right), ISAP ExecutiveManager, has good company

Delegates enjoying lunch outside with the serene countryside in the background

A view of exhibit area at the symposium

Symposium delegates were given a tourof NCAT laboratories

Guests of the delegates at the symposium

4 THE ISAP REPORTER

SOME OF THE SPEAKERSFROM THE SYMPOSIUM

Ralph Haas, Canada

Michael Nunn, U.K.

Hans Ertman Larsen,Denmark

Ian Rickards, Australia

Safwat Said, Sweden

Rita Fortes, Brazil

Manfred Partl, Switzerland

Stephen Brown, U.K.

Mikael Thau, Denmark


ISAP CHAIRMAN’S REPORT

As I approach the end of myterm as the Chair of ISAP, Iwant to express my deep appre-ciation for those who reallykeep the organization going –the staff. They are the asphaltbinder for the international mixrepresented by the membership.

Their dedication to the field ofasphalt pavements and espe-cially to ISAP goes largely un-noticed until someone has aproblem with the web site or amembership question arises orsomething inadvertently getsleft out of the newsletter. Onlyrarely do they get thanks orrecognition for the outstandingjob they perform on behalf ofthe membership.

The venerable and ubiquitousGene Skok tops the list as ourhardworking Executive Direc-tor. Gene is in charge of opera-tions and keeps up with the day-to-day business of communica-tions between the staff and theboard of directors. He is a greatfriend to all in the industry. Heconstantly seeks out those whomay be new to the organizationand genuinely encourages theirparticipation. We would all dowell to use Gene as a role model.

Eileen Soler takes care of theadministrative issues concern-

ing commu-n i ca t i ons ,bookkeep -ing, andrecord keep-ing. Eileen’scheerful per-sonality andcan-do spiritinspires con-fidence thatthe organiza-

tion is running well. It shouldbe noted that Eileen has takenit upon herself to modernize theoperations of ISAP, and she hasdone this with great efficiency.

Prithvi (Ken) Kandhal is theeditor of this newsletter you arereading. His job is not an easyone in terms of sorting throughinformation coming from thefour corners of the earth andconveying it to the membership.Since Ken has assumed theeditor’s role, we have receivednumerous compliments on thequality of our newsletter. He hastruly turned it into a world-classpublication.

Gerhard Kennepohl is our webwizard. He has kept the ISAPweb site well organized and fo-

David Newcomb,ISAP Chairman

cussed on useful information.The thousands of downloads wehave had of the DistinguishedLecturer Series speaks for itself.People navigating the site findit easy to use and informative.Gerhard’s enthusiasm and in-novation are infectious qualitieshe passes on to those around him.

One other person I will add tothis appreciation list is CarolTapley of the National Centerfor Asphalt Technology. Whilenot a regular ISAP staff mem-ber, Carol worked tirelessly toarrange and run the first ISAPSpecialty Conference this yearin Auburn, Alabama. “The Inter-national Symposium on Designand Construction of Long-LastingAsphalt Pavements” was a rous-ing success because of Carol’scareful organization and care.

As we look forward to the 10th

International Conference onAsphalt Pavements in Quebecin 2006, I ask that you take aminute to reflect on the servicethese dedicated people providefor your organization, and thatyou thank them the next timeyou see them for all that theydo. They most certainly have mysincere gratitude.

The International Society for AsphaltPavements’ (ISAP) Tenth InternationalConference on Asphalt Pavements will beheld in Quebec, Canada on August 12-17, 2006. The conference will be hostedby Université Laval and the Ministère desTransports du Québec.

The themes for this conference havebeen selected to reflect recent develop-ments in asphalt pavement technologyand to be of interest to researchers andpractitioners. All categories of pavementswill be considered, including regional and

ISAP’S TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ASPHALT PAVEMENTSnational freeways, arterials, collectorsand municipal, as well as local roadsand airfields. Papers dealing with thestate-of-the-art, state of the practice,and case studies are expected to beincluded in the program.

Second announcement and callfor papers will be issued in January2005. For further information on thisconference, please visit the websiteat: <www.icap2006.fsg.ulaval.ca> orwrite to <[email protected]>.

6 THE ISAP REPORTER

NEWS FROMNORTH AMERICAThe following publications arenow available from the Trans-portation Research Board(www.trb.org):

• ACCELERATED LABORA-TORY RUTTING TESTS: EVALU-ATION OF THE ASPHALTPAVEMENT ANALYZER(NCHRP Report 508)

This NCHRP report presents thefindings of a research projectto determine the suitability ofthe Asphalt Pavement Analyzer,a loaded-wheel tester, as a gen-eral method of predicting rut-ting potential and for use infield quality control and qual-ity acceptance operations. Ob-tain more details at <http://g u l l i v e r . t r b . o r g / n e w s /blurb_detail.asp?id=2169>.

• LTPP DATA ANALYSIS:DAILY AND SEASONAL VARIA-TIONS IN INSITU MATERIALPROPERTIES (NCHRP Web Re-port 60)

This NCHRP Web Report in-cludes a data set that can beused to investigate daily andseasonal changes in pavementmaterial properties as they re-late to changes in structuralcapacity that would necessitateload restrictions. Obtain moredetails at <http://gulliver.trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?id=2179>.

• BITUMINOUS BINDERS 2003(Transportation ResearchRecord 1829)

This Transportation ResearchRecord assesses the effects ofstyrene butadiene styrene modi-fication on the cracking resis-tance and healing characteris-tics of coarse-graded Superpavemixtures; reviews whether as-phalt mixtures correlate better

with mastics or binders inevaluating permanent deforma-tion; and examines the possi-bility of using commercial rhe-ometers for comprehensive test-ing of asphalt binders, asphaltmastics, and hot-mix asphalts.More details are available at<http://gulliver.trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?id=2148>.

• QUALITY CHARACTERIS-TICS AND TEST METHODSFOR USE IN PERFORMANCE-RELATED SPECIFICATIONS OFHOT MIX ASPHALT PAVE-MENTS (NCHRP Research Re-sults Digest 291)

This digest based on NCHRPProject 9-15 provides recommen-dations for simple, practical,and rapid test methods to mea-sure quality characteristics ofas-produced and as-constructedhot mix asphalt. More detailsare available at <http://g u l l i v e r . t r b . o r g / n e w s /blurb_detail.asp?id=4115>.

• AN INVESTIGATION OF THECAUSE OF VARIATION INHMA BULK SPECIFIC GRAV-ITY TEST RESULTS USINGNON-ABSORPTIVE AGGRE-GATES (NCHRP Web Document66)

This web document investigatesthe cause of variation in HMAbulk specific gravity test results.See more details at <http://g u l l i v e r . t r b . o r g / n e w s /blurb_detail.asp?id=4168>.

• MECHANISTIC-EMPIRICALDESIGN GUIDE AND SOFT-WARE NOW AVAILABLE IN ARESEARCH VERSION

A research version of the Na-tional Cooperative HighwayResearch Program-developedMechanistic-Empirical (M-E)Design and Analysis Guide and

accompanying software is nowavailable at the Mechanistic-Empirical Design Guidewebsite. The guide and softwareare being made available to al-low for independent testing andevaluation by interested usersin the public and private sec-tors. The M-E pavement designguide uses mechanistic-empiri-cal models to analyze input datafor traffic, climate, materials,and proposed structure in or-der to estimate pavement ser-vice life damage. This releaseis part of the evaluation andeducation process designed bythe American Association ofState Highway and Transporta-tion Officials’ (AASHTO’s) JointTask Force on Pavements toassist in preparing for approvalof a provisional or interimmechanistic-empirical designguide as a future edition of theAASHTO design guide. See<http://gulliver.trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?id=3953> foradditional details.

• EFFECTS OF SUBSURFACEDRAINAGE ON PERFOR-MANCE OF ASPHALT ANDCONCRETE PAVEMENTS(NCHRP Report 499)

This report evaluates the effectsof subsurface drainage featureson the performance of pave-ments through a comprehensiveanalysis of data availablethrough June 2001 from theLong-Term Pavement Perfor-mance experiments.

• NEW SIMPLE PERFOR-MANCE TESTS FOR ASPHALTMIXES (TRB Circular NumberE-C068, September 2004)

This circular, which can beviewed at <http://gulliver.trb.org/p u b l i c a t i o n s / c i r c u l a r s /ec068.pdf>, presents five tech-


nical papers on the subject in-cluding dynamic creep tests,field shear test, and hollow cyl-inder tensile test.

• ILLUMINATION GUIDE-LINES FOR NIGHTTIME HIGH-WAY WORK (NCHRP Report498)

This report provides guidelinesfor illumination for nighttimehighway work, work zone illu-mination design, and use oftemporary roadway lighting forconstruction and maintenancework. This report may be viewedor purchased at <http://g u l l i v e r . t r b . o r g / n e w s /blurb_detail.asp?id=2316>.

• ACCELERATED PAVEMENTTESTING: DATA GUIDELINES(NCHRP Report 512)

This report is designed to as-sist agencies involved in accel-erated pavement testing (APT)by ensuring proper interpreta-tion of the data and facilitatingtheir use by other agencies.Information in this report isdesigned to help promote com-patibility of data resulting fromAPT at different facilities andmay provide an effective meansfor economically addressing is-sues of common concern, reduc-ing duplication of research ef-forts, and enhancing the ben-efits of APT.

• MOISTURE SENSITIVITY OFASPHALT PAVEMENTS

This TRB report documents thework accomplished during thenational seminar held in SanDiego, California, on February4-6, 2003. The proceedings iden-tify best practices, gaps inknowledge, and research needson moisture damage in asphaltpavements. The topics ad-dressed in the report include

the following:•Problem identification —distinguishing between materials-induced and construction-related factors,•Fundamental concepts —binder and aggregate considerations and failure mechanisms,•Test methods — laboratoryand field,•Remediation — additives andconstruction practices,•Field performance and casestudies,•Specifications — shortcomings and need for improvements, and•Environmental and healthissues.

In addition to the papers andbreakout session summaries,the proceedings include ques-tions raised and answers givenby some of the more than 100people who participated in thenational seminar.

* * *

The National Asphalt PavementAssociation (NAPA) has pub-lished Porous Asphalt Pave-ments (IS-131) which is a use-ful publication for those whoare in the business of design-ing, consulting, or constructingpavements. Porous pavementsare becoming increasinglypopular, especially for thosedealing with land developmentissues. With the proper designand installation, porous asphaltcan provide cost-effective, attrac-tive parking lots with a life spanof 20 years or more. At the sametime, porous asphalt can pro-vide storm water managementsystems that promote infiltra-tion, improve water quality, andeliminate the need for a deten-tion basin.

* * *

The Federal Highway Adminis-tration (FHWA) has publishedthe following guide and techni-cal advisory:

• Roundabouts - Roundaboutsare circular intersections thatrequire entering vehicles toyield to existing traffic in theroadway—eliminate some of theconflict traffic, such as vehiclesmaking left turns, that cancause crashes at traditional in-tersections. A study by theMaryland State Highway Ad-ministration found that install-ing single-lane roundabouts at15 intersections resulted in a100 percent decrease in the fa-tal crash rate and an 82 per-cent drop in the total crash rate.For more information onroundabouts, FHWA has devel-oped a handbook for highwayagencies, Roundabouts: An In-formational Guide (FHWA-RD-00-067), which can be down-loaded from <www.tfhrc.gov/safety/0068.htm>.

• Rumble strips - Rumble stripsare grooved indentations in theroadway that provide an audiblewarning and a physical vibra-tion to alert drivers in dangerof veering off the road—helpreduce roadway departurecrashes, which accounted for 55percent of all roadway fatalitiesin 2001. A study found that in-stalling rumble strips on theNew York State Thruway re-duced run-off-the-road crashesby 88 percent between 1993 and1997. Rumble strips are inexpen-sive, can be milled in new orexisting pavement, and requirelittle maintenance. An FHWAtechnical advisory, RoadwayShoulder Rumble Strips, isavailable at <www.fhwa.dot.gov/legsregs/directives/techadvs/t504035.htm>.

8 THE ISAP REPORTER

* * *

Numerous technical advisorieson various pavement topics arenow available on the FederalHighway Administration’s(FHWA) Office of PavementTechnology web site at<www.fhwa.dot.gov/pavement/ta.htm>. The advisories providetechnical guidance and infor-mation on recommended prac-tices. Advisories currently listedare:• Asphalt Concrete Mix Designand Field Control• Paved Shoulders• Open Graded FrictionCourses• Use of Coal Ash in Embank-ments and Bases• Development and Review ofSpecifications

* * *

The AASHO Road Test hadnearly a dozen performancevariables for two pavementtypes, 836 test sections, and 1.1million test load applicationsover two years. Obviously, thisroad test completed in the 1950sproduced a lot of data, mostlyconsisting of handwritten num-bers recorded in the field andin laboratories. How to safe-guard access to the data, whichfill many pages in many bind-ers? Here is the answer. TheSmithsonian Institution’s Na-tional Museum of AmericanHistory will house the AASHORoad Test collection in its Ar-chives Center in Washington,D.C.

* * *

The National Center for AsphaltTechnology (NCAT), the AsphaltInstitute, and the University ofNew Hampshire are partnersfor a major NCHRP Projecttitled, “Endurance Limit ofHMA Mixtures to Prevent Fa-

tigue Cracking in Flexible Pave-ments.” The purpose of this re-search project is twofold: (1) todetermine if there is an endur-ance limit for asphalt mixes andthe applicable range of strainlevels that coincide with theendurance limit, and (2) to rec-ommend a procedure to incor-porate the endurance limit intomechanistic pavement designmethods.

* * *

The Asphalt Pavement Alliance(APA) has published a positionpaper, “Pavement Type Selec-tion Processes,” which dis-cusses in detail the advantagesof asphalt pavement for eachof the factors listed in the 1993AASHTO Design Guide, Appen-dix B. The APA has also devel-oped “Flexible Perpetual Pave-ment Design and Analysis Soft-ware” (PERROAD 2.4) for thedesign of long-life asphalt pave-ments. Both the position paperand software are available at<www.asphaltalliance.com>.

* * *

The Asphalt Pavement Alli-ance has released an interac-tive CD-ROM, “Rubblization:The Quick, Cost Effective, En-vironmentally Friendly Fix forFailed Concrete Pavement.” TheCD provides examples of howrubblization has been used suc-cessfully and discusses when itis an appropriate rehabilitationstrategy for concrete pavementsthat have reached the end oftheir life. The CD features thelatest innovation in rubblizationtechnology. It is available at<www.asphaltalliance.com>.

* * *

The Second International Con-ference of Accelerated Pave-ment Testing was held in Min-neapolis, MN, USA on Septem-

ber 26-29, 2004. The Conferencewas organized under the aus-pices of the Transportation Re-search Board Committee A2B09Full Scale/Accelerated Pave-ment Testing. 165 people from20 countries attended the con-ference.

Professor Fred Hugo, Universityof Stellenbosch, South Africa;Professor John Metcalf, Louisi-ana State University, USA; andKieran Sharp, ARRB TransportResearch, Ltd, Australia pre-sented the opening updates.The topics in various sessionsincluded: Unbound Materials,Superpave Pavement StructuresEvaluation, MnRoad Phase-1Summary, European Coopera-tion on Cost 347, a ten-year per-spective of APT by CALTRANS,a CEDEX Update, NCAT TestTrack, FAA, LINTRACK, andPWR1 Update from Japan.

Conference Reviews were alsopresented by Professors JoeMahoney, University of Wash-ington; John Harvey, Universityof CA – Davis; and MihaiMarastaneu, University of Min-nesota. Information and a CD-Rom are available on theMnROAD website at: www.mnroad.dot.mn.us/re-search or call Ben Worel at 651-779-5522

* * *

A workshop on “Factors Affect-ing Compaction on AsphaltPavements” will be held at theannual meeting of the Transpor-tation Research Board in Wash-ington, DC on January 9, 2005(Sunday) at 1:30 pm. One of thesessions in this workshop willbe devoted to “LongitudinalJoint Density”, which is consid-ered to be very important inobtaining durable longitudinaljoints in asphalt pavements.


NEWS FROMEUROPE

The University of Erfurt (Ger-many) and Hermann KirchnerGmbH Construction Companyhave developed the Compact-asphalt paving method. In thismethod, the paver paves twoasphalt layers at the same time.One of the advantages is that athin surface layer can be used.The thin surface layer is pavedtogether with the binder layer.Together, the two layers havemore heat capacity and a bet-ter compaction can be achieved.Besides paving motorways andcountry roads in Germany, thismethod has also been used inSweden and the Netherlands.Until now about one millionsquare meters of paving hasbeen done.

The four photographs accom-panying this article show theCompact-asphalt paving onRoute A20 near Klempenow(about 170 km north of Berlin)in July this year. The pavingwidth is 10.5 meters.

* * *

The 3rd Eurasphalt & Euro-bitume Congress was held inVienna, Austria on May 12-14,2004. Some of the general con-clusions prepared by EgbertBeuving, chairman of the E&E2004 Technical Committee areas follows:

• Building long lasting noise-reducing asphalt pavements isa challenge for the industry. Theclogging of the pavement needsto be dealt with. Althoughdouble-layered porous asphalt

pavement is a solution, newtechniques need to be devel-oped.

• High proportions of re-claimed asphalt need to be usedin the surface courses. Severalpapers addressed this item.

• We need to use high technol-ogy to build high quality roads.Technologies presented at theCongress were: modern pavingmachine guidance system; useof gamma rays to measure mixcomposition and thickness; anda prefabricated noise-reducingroad that can be quickly un-rolled as a carpet and replaced.

• Functional specificationsneed to be adopted so that theindustry is stimulated to pro-vide innovative solutions.

• Cold and warm asphalt tech-niques are improving in qual-ity, and these techniques willincreasingly be used in Europe.

• A fast method to detect tarin roadways and safe proce-dures to handle its disposal,need to be developed. Severalnon-tar containing products thatcan be used to produce fuel-re-sistant asphalt mixes were pre-sented at the Congress.

General view of the Compact-asphalt paving train

SMA and binder layer mix being fed separately into paver hoppers

10 THE ISAP REPORTER

• Both neat and polymer-modi-fied bitumens age in differentways according to their chemi-cal composition and microstruc-ture. We do not fully understandthe aging phenomenon al-though some progress has beenmade.

• Wheel tracking tests are fre-quently being used to test therut resistance of HMA. However,fundamental tests such astriaxial repeated load tests areimportant tests.

The reports of the moderatorsof different sessions can be seenat <www.eecongress.org>.

* * *

An extraordinary runway recon-struction project is underway atthe Frankfurt International Air-port. To be completed in thesummer of 2005, the RunwayNorth reconstruction will com-prise 300 incremental construc-tion steps to be completed over300 nights so that regular op-erations of the airport are notaffected. Each night, the oldasphalt pavement is broken upand removed. A 60-centimeter-thick asphalt layer is appliedon the compacted gravel andsand runway foundation.

Following intense testing ofmaterials, a high-tech, low-tem-perature mixture of asphalt andsynthetic resin was selected.

This mixture can be appliedeven during relatively low tem-peratures and then used shortlythereafter by aircraft taking offor landing. All the asphalt mixis produced in advance, isstored near the airport, and isavailable when the pavingstarts. The low-temperature as-phalt was produced withSasobit in the beginning. NowShell bitumen with a paraffinwax is being used.

This unique runway reconstruc-tion project in Frankfort is gen-erating substantial interestaround the world. Pictures of this

reconstruction can beseen at <www.kirchhoff-h e ine . d e / ak tue l l e s /Fraport/Fraportnacht1/index.html>.

(Editor: The assistance ofEgbert Beuving in provid-ing the news from Eu-rope is greatly appreci-ated.)

NEWS FROMAUSTRALIA

Austroads has recognized theimportance of maintaining aminimum level of technical re-search capacity within Austra-lia in the following four key ar-eas: (a) bituminous surfacings,(b) pavement structures, (c) as-set management, and (d) engi-neering safety. Austroads willprovide a total of $4 million peryear for the first three years ofa rolling three-year program toARRB Transport Research. Bi-tuminous surfacing has beengiven a high priority and thefollowing topics have been iden-tified:

• Sprayed Seals (maintainingAustralian expertise in sprayedseals)• Binders (maximizing the ben-efits from polymer modified bi-tumens and using bitumensfrom overseas)• Asphalt (delivering betterquality asphalt and promotingnew asphalt technology)

Mat behind the paver consisting of binder course and SMA

Two screeds in operation


NEWS FROMSOUTH AFRICA

• Pavements (horizontal im-pact of heavy vehicles on pave-ments)

The Australian Asphalt Pave-ment Association (AAPA) hasalso undertaken to support theAustroads program with AAPAcontributing to the followingjointly funded projects:

• Finalization of the Austroadssprayed seal design procedure• Development of a practicalworkability measure for asphalt• Precision of asphalt andbinder test procedures• Effect of storage and trans-port on PMB properties

* * *

The Australian Asphalt Pave-ment Association (AAPA) hasconducted successful StudyTours since 1975, involving rep-resentatives from industry, us-ers, research organizations, con-sultants, and academia. Themost recent 2004 Study Tourwas conducted from June 6 to19 based around attendance atthe ISAP/NCAT InternationalConference on Long LastingPavements at Auburn, Alabamafollowed by visits to NCAT,Astec Industries, National As-phalt Pavement Association,Maryland State Highway Ad-ministration, Virginia Depart-ment of Transportation, and Il-linois Department of Transpor-tation.

* * *

At the meeting of the NationalAsphalt Research Co-ordination(NARC) Group meeting held inBrisbane in August 2004, roadauthority members raised thefollowing asphalt workmanshiprelated issues of concern: seg-regation, ride quality, and joint-ing techniques. A guide to iden-tifying the causes of segrega-tion and minimizing its occur-rence is provided in AAPA Ad-

visory Note 18, Asphalt Segre-gation. Other workmanship re-lated issues are included in anumber of AAPA PavementWork Tips as follows:

No. 3: Asphalt Riding Quality

No. 4: Asphalt Joints

No. 5: Asphalt Handwork

Both the Advisory Notes andPavement Work Tips can beaccessed and downloaded freefrom the AAPA website<www.aapa.asn.au>.

Dr. Fritz Jooste of Modellingand Analysis Systems has de-veloped a new Rubicon suite offlexible pavement design andanalysis software, which is find-ing increasing use among SouthAfrican consultants and engi-neers. The Rubicon softwaresuite focuses on continued prod-uct improvement by incorporat-ing new pavement technologies.A recent example is the incor-poration of the transfer func-tions for foamed bitumen lay-ers in flexible pavements afterpublication of TG2: “InterimTechnical Guidelines for theDesign and Use of Foamed Bi-tumen Treated Materials.”

In addition to the transferfunctions from a range of coun-tries, the software includes lin-ear layered elastic and finiteelement response models, aswell as the more traditionalAASHTO (1986 version) andcatalog design methods. TheRubicon provides a comprehen-sive approach to pavement de-sign, in which designers canevaluate design inputs not onlythrough the manual and auto-mated back calculation mod-ules, but also through the stress-

sensitive finite element model,which evaluates the materialstiffness in different locationswithin the pavement.

* * *

The South African NationalRoads Agency Limited(SANRAL) has made the deci-sion to prohibit the use of tar-based products on its projects.While the effectiveness of theseproducts, which are used forprime coats and pre-coatingmaterial for aggregates in sur-face seals, cannot be ques-tioned, the SANRAL made thisdecision based on its corporateenvironmental policy.

* * *

The 8th Conference on AsphaltPavements for Southern Africa(CAPSA ‘04) was held on Sep-tember 12-16, 2004 in Sun City,North West Province, SouthAfrica. Papers in Theme 4, “Ma-terials, Design and Construc-tion” included the following top-ics:

• Binder specifications

• Performance of modifiedbinders

• Innovative asphalt mixes in-cluding thin surfaces and noisereduction systems

• Numerical modeling of sealsand HMA using complex finiteelement methods incorporatingvisco-elasto-plastic behavior

• Cold mix technology, withnew pavement design functions,and cold in-place recycling casestudies

Full details of the conferenceare available on the CAPSA ‘04website <http://asac.csir.co.za/capsa>.


Oct. 19-24, 20046th International Con-ference on ManagingPavements

Brisbane, Australia

<www.icmp6.com>

Oct. 28-31, 20043rd International Sym-posium on AsphaltEmulsion Technology

Washington, DC,USA email: <[email protected]>

Jan. 9-13, 200584th Annual Meetingof Transportation Re-search Board

Washington, DC,USA

<www.trb.org>

Feb. 13-17, 200550th Annual Conven-tion of the NationalAsphalt Pavement As-sociation

The Big Island,Hawaii, USA

<www.hotmix.org>

Mar. 1-5, 2005 AEMA-ARRA-ISSAAnnual Meeting

Bal Harbour, FL,USA

email <[email protected]>

Mar. 7-9, 2005 Annual Meeting of theAssociation of AsphaltPaving Technologists

Long Beach, CA,USA

<www.asphalttechnology.org>

Mar. 14-16, 2005International Sympo-sium on PavementRecycling

Sau Paulo, Brazil <www.abpv.org.br/simposoispbrazil.htm>

June 16-20,2005

International RoadFederation, 15thWorld Meeting

Bangkok, Thailand email: <[email protected]>

June 27-29,2005

7th International Con-ference on BearingCapacity of Roads,Railway, and Airfields

Trondheim, Norway <www.ntnu.no/forskning/konfover>

Jan. 22-26,2006

85th Annual Meetingof TransportationResearch Board

Washington, DC,USA <www.trb.org>

Mar. 14-16, 2006 World of Asphalt 2006Show & Conference Orlando, FL, USA <www.worldofasphalt.com>

Mar. 27-29, 2006Annual Meeting of theAssociation of AsphaltPaving Technologists

Savannah, GA, USA <www.asphalttechnology.org>

Aug. 12-17, 200610th InternationalConference on AsphaltPavements (ISAP)

Quebec, Canada <www.ICAP2006.fsq.ulaval.ca>

UPCOMING EVENTSPlease inform Dr. Eugene Skok, Jr., Executive Administrator of the ISAP office, at

<[email protected]> of any upcoming events so that we can include them in the calendar.

DATE EVENT LOCATION CONTACT

Nov. 21-24, 200449th Annual Conferenceof the Canadian Techni-cal Asphalt Association

Montreal, Quebec,Canada

<www.ctaa.ca>

Jan. 5-8, 2005 Advanced Constitu-tive Modeling courseof Asphalt Materials

University of Mary-land, College Park,Maryland, USA

<www.insapconmod.nl>

Nov. 6-9, 200550th Annual Conferenceof the Canadian Techni-cal Asphalt Association

Victoria, BritishColumbia, Canada

<www.ctaa.ca>


NCAT TEST TRACKUPDATETrucking for the 2003 NCATPavement Test Track is approxi-mately 34 percent complete (3.4millions ESALs).

With the development of exten-sive fatigue cracking in somesections within the structuralexperiment, it became neces-sary to implement a system tomap surface cracks. Early onMonday mornings (the day thetrucking operation is sus-pended) before the pavementheats up and small cracks be-come more difficult to see, a vi-sual inspection is performedwhere the beginning and end-ing point of each crack is care-fully marked with a paint pen.

When full alligator crackingdevelops, the corner boundariesof cracked areas are marked ina similar manner. A video cam-era is then mounted on a fork-lift boom such that a full lanewidth vertical picture of thesurface of the pavement can beobtained.

The cross-sections of eightstructural test sections alongwith the mixtures used therein,were given in the Fall 2003 is-sue of the Asphalt TechnologyNews. This issue can be seenon the NCAT web site,<www.ncat.us>.

Extensive fatigue cracking isoccurring in the thinner N1 andN2 structural test sections, asshown in the photographs Aand B.

Photograph A. Fatigue cracking in Structural Test Section N1

Photograph B. Fatigue cracking in Structural Test Section N2


Proceedings of the most recent ISAP con-ference (9th, 8th,and 7th) are available ineither hardcover or on CD. The CD versionis in Acrobat format and is indexed andsearchable. You can also print individualpapers from the CD.

Hardcover versions are on special sale to

NOTTINGHAMCELEBRATESFIFTY YEARSOF PAVEMENTRESEARCHFifty years is a long time andthe range of pavement relatedresearch projects at the Univer-sity of Nottingham has beenwide, a fact which has distin-guished its pavement engineer-ing from that at many other in-stitutions around the worldwhich have generally focusedon narrower aspects of the sub-ject. The interests of the staff,who have lead the research,have always focused on theneeds of pavement design and,in more recent years, of pave-ment rehabilitation.

Peter Pell (now Emeritus Pro-fessor), started work at the Uni-versity as a research assistantin July 1954 on a project, fundedby Shell, to investigate fatiguecracking in bitumen. ProfessorSir Joseph Pope negotiated thatcontract with Shell. From 1956to 1965, Peter Pell was the onlymember of staff with an inter-est in asphalt pavement engi-neering. Stephen Brown wholike him was a research assis-tant on a Shell contract joinedhim in 1965. They led the re-search together until AndrewDawson was appointed 18 yearslater. Since 1983, StephenBrown has led the team, whichhas expanded significantly to itspresent complement of five staffand a total population of about40 people working on researchprojects, supported by grantsand contracts worth £1.2 millionper year.

Over the years, Nottingham hasmade significant contributionsin the following areas:

• Analytical pavement design• Asphalt mixture design• Asphalt mixture durability• Pavement evaluation• Geosynthetics in pavement

There are ambitious plans toexpand pavement engineeringat Nottingham, so the future willbe exciting and the activities of

Nottingham Centre for Pave-ment Engineering will continueto be of service and interest tothe asphalt industry and pro-fession for many years to come.(Condensed from article “FiftyYears of Pavement Research atNottingham” by Prof. S.F.Brown)

(from left to right) Professor Sir Joseph Pope, Prof. Stephen Brown, Prof. Andy Collop,and Professor Emeritus Peter Pell at the 50th anniversary of the Pavement EngineeringResearch Group at the University of Nottingham

reduce storage problems. CDs have alsobeen reduced in price because we wantthe knowledge resources they contain togain wide circulation.

Sale prices are shown in the table be-low. Note that Members enjoy greatsavings.

ISAP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Proceedings ISAP Member Non-Member9th Conference Book (was $250) $100 $150 CD (was $200) $25 $1008th Conference Book (was $150) $40 $80 CD (was $100) $25 $1007th Conference Book (was $150) $40 $80 CD (was $100) $25 $100


The 80th Annual Meeting andTechnical Sessions of AAPTare scheduled for March 7-9,2005, at the Hyatt RegencyHotel in Long Beach, Califor-nia. There will be attendeesfrom around the World. Theyrepresent suppliers, consult-ants, contractors, universi-ties, government agenciesand other researchers. Theircommon interest is researchinto materials and methodson how to build better roads.

The technical sessions will in-clude 23 papers grouped intoa Workshop Session and fourother sessions each with fivepapers. The Workshop ses-

sion will include papers on seg-regation detection, minimumlift thicknesses for good com-paction and Wisconsin war-ranty projects before, duringand after construction. The ses-sion subjects will be:

■ Asphalt binder characteris-tics and evaluation

■ Mixture design and moisturesusceptibility■ Mechanistic design evalua-tion of performance models forpermanent deformation and fa-tigue cracking

■ Performance Modeling of as-phalt mixtures.

80th AAPT ANNUAL MEETING AND TECHNICAL SESSIONSTO BE HELD AT HYATT REGENCY HOTEL

IN LONG BEACH, CALIFORNIAMarch 7-9, 2005

Each of the sessions includespresentations by experts inthe field followed by opendiscussions. The papers anddiscussions will be publishedin Volume 74 of the AAPTJournal.

There have been 65 paper of-fers for the March 2005 AAPTMeeting. The Board of Direc-tors has developed the tech-nical sessions from these of-fers at their October meeting.This information along withregistration details will befound on the AAPT webpage:www.asphalttechnology.org oryou can call the AAPT Officeat 651-293-9188

NCAT HOSTSAUTOMATED, REAL-TIME QUALITYCONTROL OPENHOUSEThe National Center for AsphaltTechnology (NCAT) hosted anopen house on July 20-21, 2004for demonstrating automated,real-time quality control (QC) forhot mix asphalt. The AlabamaDepartment of Transportationand the Federal Highway Ad-ministration contracted withEast Alabama Paving Companyto buy some automation equip-ment and install it on theirplant in Opelika, Alabama.NCAT and the Alabama DOT aredeveloping a system to auto-mate sampling and testing ofmaterials during HMA produc-tion. The open house was at-tended by HMA industry andDOT representatives from allover the United States.

BackgroundCurrent quality control meth-

ods for hot mix asphalt aremanpower and time intensive,which leads to inefficient gath-ering of information needed tomonitor and control the produc-tion of quality asphalt mixtures.The majority of attention in QCtesting is now spent on sam-pling and testing after the mix-tures are produced. Consideringthat it typically takes aboutthree hours to complete thesuite of tests commonly usedfor QC of asphalt mixtures, andthat the majority of plants com-monly produce HMA at rates of200 to 300 tons per hour, thenit is common for 600 to 900 tonsof HMA to be produced betweentests. This lag of informationputs the HMA producer at sig-nificant financial risk and thecustomer (i.e. agency) at riskof accepting a significant amountof poor quality materials.

More than 100 asphalt industryprofessionals attended the open house.

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Purpose and Scope

This project was established toexplore possible new ways ofgathering real-time quality con-trol information. If the conceptof real-time QC appears feasible,a strategy for the evaluation ofnew methods and technologiesshould be developed.

The two primary goals of real-time testing are: first, to dra-matically shrink the time lagfor quality control information,and second, to improve the re-liability of the data (i.e. signifi-cantly reduce sampling and test-ing variability). Ultimately, theseimprovements should reducethe risks to producers and cus-tomers and lead to better pave-ment performance byproviding better mate-rials quality control.

As it is envisioned,real-time automatedtesting is a quantumleap ahead in qual-ity assurance. Real-time testing will in-volve automatedfeedback during themix production pro-cess and construc-tion operations. Au-tomated testing isenvisioned to meanthat information isobtained without di-rect human interac-tion.

New Devices for AutomatedQC Testing

This QC Automation OpenHouse highlighted the follow-ing methods for sampling andtesting of materials during theproduction of HMA. These de-vices installed on East AlabamaPaving Company’s Opelikaplant are being evaluated byNCAT.

1. Automated Belt Sampling ofAggregate and RAP

2. Automated Moisture Con-tents of Aggregate and RAPUsing Moisture Probes andSample Drying Units

3. Automated Gradation of Vir-gin Aggregates

4. Automated Viscosity of As-phalt Binders

5. Automated Calibration ofAsphalt Meters

6. Automated Measurement ofMix Temperature

7. Automated Data Collectionand Management

The evaluation of automated,real-time QC devices in thisproject is expected to be com-pleted by NCAT by the end ofthis year.

Microwave moisture probe on theconveyor belt

Automated gradation device

isap’s international symposium on long lasting …asphalt.org/downloads/isap_reporter_30.pdf•...

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