islam and the branches
DESCRIPTION
Islam and the branches. Muhammad. Born around 570 AD 610 – Gabriel enters Muhammad’s life 613 – Preaches publicly in Mecca – faced with hostility. People still believe in many gods. 622 – Decides to leave Mecca for Medina (Hijrah) 633 – returns to Mecca with 10,000 followers - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Islam and the branches](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56815085550346895dbe8207/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Islam and the branches
![Page 2: Islam and the branches](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56815085550346895dbe8207/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
MuhammadO Born around 570 ADO 610 – Gabriel enters
Muhammad’s lifeO 613 – Preaches publicly in
Mecca – faced with hostility. People still believe in many gods.
O 622 – Decides to leave Mecca for Medina (Hijrah)
O 633 – returns to Mecca with 10,000 followers
O 635 – Muhammad dies
![Page 3: Islam and the branches](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56815085550346895dbe8207/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
O Many pledged loyalty to Muhammad and many converted
O Unfortunately – he did not name a successor to take over!
O Didn’t teach his followers how to chose one
O Relying on ancient custom – Abu Bakr became first caliph – successor or deputy
![Page 4: Islam and the branches](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56815085550346895dbe8207/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
3 more after AbuO Umar, Uthman and AliO All knew MuhammadO Used the Quran to guide
them!
O Known as “rightly guided” caliphs
O Abu promised to uphold what Muhammad stood for
![Page 5: Islam and the branches](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56815085550346895dbe8207/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
JihadO Many denounced Islam nowO Abu invoked Jihad – “strive” – armed
struggle against unbelieversO All four caliphs expanded Muslim
territory
![Page 6: Islam and the branches](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56815085550346895dbe8207/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
O People never forced to convert – However, Christians and Jews were not allowed to spread religion
O Uthman – murderedO Ali – right to rule challenged also
killed
![Page 7: Islam and the branches](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56815085550346895dbe8207/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Umayyad's
O Elective system of choosing a caliph died too!O Umayyad's – moved capital city to DamascusO Gave up on how caliphs ran gov’t – focused themselves on money and greedO Many people divided now
Foot soldier
![Page 8: Islam and the branches](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56815085550346895dbe8207/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Sunni-Shi’a SplitO Most accepted their
rule – minority resistedO Those who resisted
believed whoever would be next caliph HAD to be a descendent of Muhammad!
O Called Shi’a or Shi’ites
O Those who followed Umayyad - Sunni
![Page 9: Islam and the branches](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56815085550346895dbe8207/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Main differencesSunni Shi’a
The first 4 caliphs were rightly Believe Ali (Muhammad's son-in- guided law) should have succeeded
Muslim Rulers should follow All Muslim rulers should beMuhammad’s examples descendants of Muhammad
Claim Shi’a have a distorted Claim Sunni have distorted meaningmeaning of the Qur’an of Qur’an
![Page 10: Islam and the branches](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56815085550346895dbe8207/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)