Islam Today: Key terms• Islam: The name of the

religion followed by Muslims. Means Peace and submission to God

• Muslim: The people who follow the religion of Islam

• Allah: The Arabic word for God

• Arabic: The language the Qur’an is written in.

• Mosque: Islamic Holy building• Ummah: The community or

family of Muslims world wide.• Makkah: Holy city

Beliefs about:Allah: Muslims believe in only one God. He is neither male nor female. Allah is a force, so cannot be drawn.Prophets: Messengers from God. Muslims believe that Moses from Judaism, and Jesus from Christianity were very important people and were sent by God.Muhammad (PBUH): The last and most important prophet in Islam. Sent by God to bring the Qur’an to the world (Peace Be Upon Him is a sign of respect)

Pillar Meaning How it affects the community

Shahadah Declaration of Faith in Allah

All same religion. Believing the same thing. All promise belief in Allah. All say there is no other God. Makes them become one: same thoughts and feelings about Allah

Salah Praying five times a day

All pray at the same time and often can be in the same place.

Sawm Fasting in the month of Ramadan. No eating, drinking or smoking, during daylight

Makes them selfless. Makes them remember parts of the community without food. Everyone knows what it feels like to be hungry. May encourage people to give more to the rest of the community. Party at the end to share with others.

Zakah Charity. Give a part of their earnings to the poor. (2.5% of spare income)

Makes the poor people feel valued and part of the community. It Keeps people alive and generally helps the poor in the community.

Hajj Pilgrimage to Makkah. This is a special religious journey.

All have the SAME status as Allah's servants. They all wear same white clothes. Can't tell who's rich or poor

Holy Book

Allah

last final

Muhammad (PBUH)

praying cave

wash hands

Highest shelf

Qur’an respect

The Qur’an

How it is treated:• 1) Wash • 2) Highest shelf in the

room• 3) On a stand• 4) wrapped upWith respect

Why:• 1) Keep it clean, symbol of

being clean inside and being without sin

• 2) Allah and his words are the most important. Symbol of nothing being higher than God

• 3) So that it doesn't get dirty

• 4) Keep it clean and protect the words of God

Word of Allah

Interpreting the Qur’anTeaching from the Qur’an Possible meaning Way to follow it

"And tell the believing women to draw their headcovers over their chests and not to display their adornment” Surah 24

Don't show any beautiful part of your body to men

• Wear a headscarf. • Wear a burqa and

have whole body and face covered .

• Dress in modest ways that don't show certain parts of the body.

"You may eat and drink until the white thread of light becomes distinguishable from the dark thread of night at dawn. Then you shall fast until sunset" Surah 2:187

When the sun goes down, then Muslims can eat

Sawm: fast in the month of Ramadan. No eating in daylight hours

"Righteous are those who give money �cheerfully, to the relatives, the orphans, the needy, the traveling alien and the beggars. Surah 2:177

Good people give money to poor people, and they don't care whether they come from other countries

Zakah: Give part of earnings to poor people (2.5% of spare income)

Jewish response to the Holocaust

The Old Testament shows Abraham making a covenant (deal/promise/contract) with God:

Abraham is the father/founder of Judaism. The covenant was a deal made between Abraham and God. God promised Abraham many descendants, a land (Israel) and to always look after the Jews.

Jewish response to the Holocaust: Key words/ideas

Anti-Semitism Hatred of JewsGhetto Poor parts of the city where the Jews were

forced to liveScapegoat Being blamed for something that was

nothing to do with youPropaganda Media used to spread hateful liesFinal Solution The plan to murder all the Jews in EuropeShabbat Jewish Holy Day. A day of rest. No working

from sundown Friday to sundown Saturday.Synagogue Jewish Holy Building

Kosher Rules Food rules: Dairy and meat could not be mixed in a meal, only certain animals, killed in certain ways, could be eaten.

Jewish Mother She had the role of passing on her religion to her children. She would clean the house for Shabbat, and would prepare the Shabbat meal according to Kosher Rules

Religious Clothing Prayer Robes (Talits) and skull caps (kippahs) are special clothing worn in the synagogue and Jews are usually buried in their religious clothing

Death Rituals When a Jew dies, they are usually washed and buried in their religious clothing within 24 hours. A special ceremony is often part of the washing.

Anti-Semitism and propaganda• Before WW2 Hitler introduced a series of laws which

encouraged people to stop associating with the Jews, and made life unpleasant for them. These laws included:– Jews being unable to go into public parks– It being against the law for a Jew to be in a relationship with a non-

Jew– Jews couldn’t own land, property or money

These were the Nuremberg Laws. There had been anti-Semitism for years: from the days of Christianity when some Jewish people were blamed for the death of Jesus, to more recent events.• After WW1 the Germans used the Jews as a scapegoat and

blamed them for the country being poor and for losing WW1Propaganda: The Nazis published posters full of lies that made the Germans turn on the Jews

Shabbat A holy day of rest. From Friday sunset to Saturday sunset.

She passes on the religion to the children. She prepares the house for Shabbat. She welcomes in Shabbat.

Jewish mother

These are strict food laws.Kosher rules The Jews were starving so would have to eat

what they were given. The Nazis would not have bothered with following the rules.

She would be shot for passing on her religion. There were many people in one household so she wouldn't be able to organise Shabbat celebrations. She's have nothing to prepare the Shabbat meal with.

The Jews would have been forced to work for the Nazis so couldn't rest. They would have no synagogue to go to.

Death Dead bodies should be washed,dressed, put in a coffin and buried within 24 hours.

Religious clothing

Jewish men wear a Kippah (Skull cap) i8t is worn as a sign of respect for God. In the synagogue many Jewish men wear a tallit, a prayer robe.

Religious clothing would be taken from them. They would be killed immediately for wearing anything religious.

They wouldn’t be able to wash the bodies because there was no running water. Clothes would be taken from the dead bodies, they wouldn’t be able to have a funeral or bury the body within 24 hours.

Keeping faith and losing faith

Reasons to keep faith• Keeping religion was a

way of resisting (fighting back) the Nazis

• It keeps me strong to have something to believe in

• It wasn’t God doing this to us, it was people

• The Nazis wanted to get rid of all Jews, if we stop believing then it means the Nazis have won

Reasons to lose faith• We haven’t abandoned God,

He has abandoned us• Survival is more important

than religion; we needed to focus on that

• It was too risky; if we were found carrying out any Jewish rituals we would be shot

• We weren’t in an environment where we could carry out our duties and didn’t have any of the equipment necessary to carry out our Jewish duties (SEE JEWISH FAMILY LIFE)

The exam formata) Is always a question about a key word e.g. What is Shabbat ?

(so learn key words)b) Is always about your opinion e.g. Do you think religion

promotes peace? Give two reasons for your answer (so give evidence for your view)

c) Is always an explain question e.g. Explain why a lot of Jews gave up their faith in the concentration (you always need lots of examples/ teachings and be able to explain what these mean)

d) Always requires you to give your point of view on a statement and then the opposite point of view e.g. “Fasting during Ramadan is a good idea ”

i) Do you agree? Give reasons for your answerii) Gove reasons why other people would disagree with you (Make sure you give evidence for your opinion, and not just explain what your opinion is)