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The Khilafat or Democracy, An Insight Study For Finding Better Way Of Governance Prepared By Muhammad Aliis kadar piyar say aye janae jahan rakha hai .... dil kay rokhsar pay is waqt teri yaad nay hath !!!1(to the nearest meaning) Ideology: Creed and SystemsEvery Ideology has a set of fundamental concepts known as Creed from which specific Systems originate2Islam is an Aqeeda and Sharia (law). The Aqeeda is the belief in Allah, His angels, His books, His Messengers, the Last Day, divine fate and destiny and that good and bad are both from Allah taala.

The Sharia is divine rules (Ahkam Shariyya) relating to the actions of human beings, their problems and relationships in this life. It includes the worships (Ibadat) which Allah has ordered His servants to worship Him with, and the morals (Akhlaq) with which they should be characterised by, the foodstuffs that have been permitted for them to eat and the clothes that have been allowed for them to wear.

As well, it includes the systems which deal with the problems of their life, in the aspects of ruling, authority, internal state policy, and in relationship with other nations and peoples externally. They also deal with the economic aspect which relates to the wealth, the manner of it's distribution, ownership and growth. These systems further deal with the relationship between man and woman, and other such relationships and problems.Ideology: Creed and SystemsSystems emanating from the Creed3Creed: A comprehensive idea about life and what is beyond itA comprehensive thought must answer following questionsWhat is man, life and the universe?Where did life come from (What is before life)?What happens after death (What is after life)?What is mans purpose in life (What is the relationship of this life with that which preceded it)?What is mans motivation to fulfil his purpose in life (What is the relationship of this life with whatever is after life)?Relationship4Secularism5Secularism professes the following conceptsInstead of arriving at a conclusion based on enlightened thinking regarding the existence of a Creator, the idea of secularism advocates a compromise. Hence one can believe in the existence of a Creator and the Hereafter if he wants or reject it altogether.They refuse to accept any role of the Creator in life affairs even if He exists. Mans purpose in life, his motivation to carry out actions, his behaviour with others and himself would be defined by man himself rather than the Creator.The peoples representatives would decide, based on majority, as to how the society should organize its affairs; how should people carry out economic, ruling and social transactions etc.Lawmakers should legislate upholding freedom, equalities and national interest.

Capitalist FrameworkSecularismFreedoms & EqualitiesMoralityInterest & benefitEconomicRulingSocialJudicialEducationPolicyForeignPolicyMajority6Islamic AqeedahDay of JudgmentHeaven, HellMan, Life, UniverseAllahAccountabilityCommands of AllahIslamic Aqeedah is based on enlightened thought Islam requires its followers to answer these basic questions using ration and intellect.Hence the existence of the creator is proven with definite evidence, so is the proof of Quran being the word of the Creator. Messengership of Muhammad (saw) follows from the proof of QuranAccording to Islamic Aqeedah Allah has given us clear guidance as to what is Mans purpose of Life and what should be his motivation to fulfil it. Mans purpose in life is to worship Allah by following His commands in all aspects of life.Mans motivation to follow Allahs commands is the knowledge that he would be accounted on the Day of Judgement. A Muslim seeks the pleasure of Allah and strives for eternal paradise whilst saving himself from Allahs displeasure and Hellfire.8Progress: The Relationship of Creed and SystemsFor any nation to progress she has to implement a system which is in harmony with their fundamental beliefs and concepts i.e. her Creed

Pakistan is implementing a system which is in conflict with the creed of the overwhelming majority

Hence a sizeable cross-section of the society refrain from participating in the system deeming it contradictory to the Ahkam of Islam, which results in the weak implementation of system 9Putting Pakistan on the road of progressThere are two possible ways to put Pakistan on the path of progress: Option 1: People change their Aqeedah (Creed)The people should become secular in their belief and implement the capitalist system in its entirety, without any reservation or holding backOption 2: People should implement a different systemA system that exclusively emanates from their aqeedah, upon whose implementation they do not feel any emotional or religious resistance within themselves and whose protection they will consider a part of their aqeedah. Option 1, doesnt seem to be a practical and possible option. It is highly un-likely that people in an overwhelming majority would leave their aqeedah when they know that their belief is the correct one

Only the second option is a workable solution since Islamic aqeedah dose give rise to a system.

Hence progress cannot occur until we implement a system completely emanating from the sources of Shariah10There is a difference between the thoughts related to Aqeedah matters i.e. doctrines and Shariah rules, and the thoughts related to sciences, techniques, industries and the like. It is permitted to adopt the thoughts related to sciences, techniques and the like, provided these do not contradict Islam. As for the thoughts related to Aqeedah matters and Shariah rules, it would be forbidden to adopt any of then, except those brought to us by the Messenger of Allah (saw) be it from the Book of Allah (swt), or the Sunnah, or from what the Book and the Sunnah have guided to. Evidence about this is reflected in what Muslim reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: I am but human like you. Hence, if I ordered you something related to your Deens affairs, do take it, and if I ordered you something related to your worldly affairs, then I am only human. Evidence is also reflected in the Hadith pertaining the pollination of palm trees, where he (saw) was reported to have said: You are better acquainted with your worldly affairs.. Therefore, that which is not part of the Shariah, i.e. not part of the Aqeedah matters and the rules, it can be taken as long as it does not contradict Islam. However, that which is part of the Shariah, i.e. Aqeedah matters and rules, this can only be taken from what the Messenger of Allah (saw) and nothing else. The democratic rules and laws are rules taken to solve mans problems, hence they form part of the legislation, it would be, therefore, wrong to adopt them. Unless they have been brought by the Messenger of Allah (saw), i.e. it would be wrong to adopt them unless they were Shariah rules and nothing else.The Messenger of Allah (saw) has explicitly forbidden us from taking anything other than what he brought. Muslim reported on the authority of Aisha that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: He who generates in our order something that is alien to it, it must be rejected. In another narration, he (saw) was reported to have said: He who performs an action alien to our order, it must be rejected. Bukhari also reported on the authority of Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: The Hour shall not come until my Ummah follows the ways of the nations before her, hand span to hand span and arm length to arm length. Upon this they asked: Such as the Persians and the Romans? He (saw) replied: Who else among people but them? Bukhari also reported on the authority of Abu Said Al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: You shall follow the ways of those before you hand span to hand span and arm length to arm length, and even if they entered a lizards hole you will follow them. I said: O messenger of Allah! You mean the Jews and the Christians? He (SAW) replied: Who else? These texts clearly forbid us from taking anything from others. The first Hadith, with its two narratives, is clear about the prohibition and about the censure of taking, for it says: It should be rejected. The other two Ahadith contain the meaning of prohibition. This prohibition is applicable to the taking of the rules of the constitution and the laws from other than Islam, because it is a generation of something alien to our order, even a taking from other than our order, and because it is an emulation of those who are like the Persians and the Romans, i.e. the British and the French, who are from the Romans, hence, it is forbidden to take these rules and laws.Insight Study

Finding Better Way Of Governance 11Monarchical

Ruling is not hereditary and Khaleefah is chosen by MuslimsKhaleefah has no special privilegesThe Khaleefah is accountable and can be punished by law if found guiltyHe is not the symbol of the Ummah where he owns and does not rule nor is he a symbol who rules and runs the affairs of the people and country as Allah pleases.He is not the source of legislation rather he has to implement Shariah whether he likes it or not

Republican:

The Sovereignty belong to the Shara not the UmmahNeither the Ummah nor the Khaleefah has the right to legislateThe Khaleefah is bound to adopt rules for the constitution and cannons that are extracted from Quran and SunnahThough Ummah has the right to elect the Khaleefah but they do not have the right to remove him as long as he implements Shara. The system does not determine the Khaleefahs term of office. This is rather determined by his implementation of Shara. Evidence:What Islamic ruling system is not:12Imperial:

Each region is considered an indivisible part of the State. Ruling authority and systems are same for all regionsSame laws for all citizens throughout the state with no distinction of race, language or creed. Non-Muslim citizens has the full rights and duties that a Muslim citizens has.It does not make the regions under its rule into colonies, areas of exploitation, nor a source of wealth funneled back into the central region for its own benefit. It is for this reason that the areas outside Hijaz flourished and became centers of learning, trade and enlightenment unlike the colonies of the west during the colonization period.

Federal:Shape of ruling is that of unitary not federal. The Wilayat have no autonomy in ruling, economy, military or so like whatsoeverFunds are spend equally on subjects of Wilayat, regardless of their WilayahThe Khaleefah is the one who appoints army commanders, the Wulah, rulers, finance and economy officials, judges and everyone whose duty is to rule What Islamic ruling system is not:13 The distinguishing feature of any Ruling SystemRuling systemWho appoints and removes the ruler ?

Who legislates and makes decisions?14Who legislates and makes decisions?15 Democracy is in contradiction with IslamDemocracy and Khilafat are in contradiction in terms of :

Source of LegislationDemocracy: Human mind (Freedoms, Moralities, Equalities)Khilafat: Devine Revelation (Quran, Sunnah, Ijma, Qiyas)

Process of Legislation Democracy: MajorityKhilafat: Looking for the strongest Daleel through the process of Ijtehad

Mind can never give a system which could organize mans relationships correctly:Man and his CreatorHusband and WifeFather and SonSister and BrotherRuler and the ruledRuler and minoritiesBalance between man/woman rights and responsibilities16 Source of LegislationKhilafatDemocracy1) Quran 2) Sunnah 3) Ijma as-Sahaba and 4) Qiyas are the only sources of legislation.It is the responsibility of the State to prove that they have adopting laws from none other than the Shariah sources. No law can be taken from any other system or creed since Islam is not silent on any issue dealing with human relationships and society.These laws pertain to all systems such as Economic, Ruling, Social, Education, Judicial and Foreign Policy.Human mind, freedoms, Human Rights and national interest and not Islam are the sources of legislation.

The parliament has the authority to make laws from any source or adopt it from any creed.

It is the responsibility of the people and Islamic Ideological Council to waste time in proving the contradiction with Islam. Furthermore, councils decisions are not binding.17 Islamic FrameworkAqeedahQuranSunnahIjma us-SahabaQiyasEconomicRulingSocialJudicialEducationPolicyForeignPolicyIjtihad 18The Prophet (SAW) said: Allah does not remove the Ilm after it was given to you, rather the Ilm would be removed with the death of the Ulema. Then some people, who are ignorant, will start giving their Raee based on their desires and they are misled and will lead the Ummah astray. (Bukhari & Ahmad)He (SAW) also said: My Ummah will be divided into 70 something sects. The worst group will be those who will start taking the Deen from their Aql. (Al Darami)He (SAW) also said, He who adopts an opinion based on his Aql, he will reserve for himself a place in the hell-fire. (Bukhari & Muslim)These Ahadith are clearly referring to the person who adopts opinions or gives Fatwa based on his Aql without any evidence from the Shariah, Ahlul-Raee on the other hand, there were those who exerted their utmost effort in scanning the Islamic texts, and then issued an opinion. This process is called Ijtihad. Capitalist FrameworkSecularismFreedoms & EqualitiesMoralityInterest & benefitEconomicRulingSocialJudicialEducationPolicyForeignPolicyMajority19 Process of decision making in a StateLegislative DecisionMakingIssuesIssuesin which Ummahs representativesare generally knowledgeable

Issues which need expertise and insightIn a State20 Process of decision making in a StateLegislative DecisionMaking21 Legislative Decision making KhilafatDemocracyNo one is allowed to legislate except AllahAllahs laws are automatically the law of the land. Khaleefah does not have any choice but to implement them nor do they require endorsement by the majority of the representatives to become the law of the land.

The Khaleefah implements Allahs laws derived only from Quran, Sunnah, Ijma as-Sahaba and Qiyas, through the process of Ijtehad.

The Khaleefahs personal choice or the whims of the majority of the Majlis-e-Ummah bears no weight in the process of Ijtehad.The people are the origin of the LawPeople are led to believe that sovereignty belongs to Allah but actually the will of the majority prevails.

For implementation of Shariah, Allahs laws are to be produced before the representatives in the form of a bill who have the choice to accept or reject.

Hence practically Creators laws need approval of the creation to become the law of the land. Hence we hear terminologies such as Shariah bill etc.22Evidences "Verily, Ruling is only for Allah" [Yusaf: 40] "The judgment is His, and to Him you shall return."[28:88]

Those who do not judge by what Allah hath revealed, They are the Unbelievers [5:44]

So judge between them by what Allah hath revealed, and follow not their vain desires, diverging from the truth that hath come to thee [5:48]

But no, by the Lord, They can have no (real) Faith, until They make Thee judge In all disputes between them, and find In their souls no resistance against Thy decisions, but Accept them with the fullest conviction. [4:65]

It is not fitting for a Believer, men or women, when a matter has been decided by Allah and His Messenger to have any option about their decision [33:36]23Consultation is the right of the Ummah and Allah has recommended the ruler that he consults the people in running the affairs of the State. But consultation (Shura) deosnt mean that its majority opinion has to be binding on the Khaleefah. The Aya which encourages Shura (consultation) gives the final verdict to the Messenger i.e. the ruler of the state.

And consult them In affairs, then, when you have taken a decision put Thy trust In Allah (Al-Imran: 159)

The Messenger of Allah (saaw) rejected the overwhelming majority of the Sahabah on the day of Hudaibiya and accepted the truce with Quresh saying:"I am Allahs servant and His Messenger, I shall not go against His commandment and He will not make me the loser. This shows that when it comes to Hukam of Allah majority has no bearing. So Allahs laws do not need majority endorsement to become the law of the land.

Abu Bakr (ra) fought the apostates as well as those who refused to pay Zakah and sent Osama (ra) army to fight the Romans all at the same time, rejecting the unanimous opinion of the Sahaba who opposed taking all these expeditions at once. This shows that the majority opinion of the Sahabah was not binding on the Khaleefah i.e. Abu Bakr (ra) and he implemented his opinion rejecting the majority.

Similar situation was seen when Omar (ra) implemented his opinion of levying Kharaj on the lands of Iraq rejecting Bilal (ra) and the opinion of a number of Sahabah. In Khilafat majority is not always authority24 ImplicationsSince the Khaleefah doesnt have any legislative powers he cannot be blackmailed or pressurized to make laws by the Majlis-e-Ummah, lobbies or masses

PM could be dictated by pressure groups, multinational Comps., IMF, WB. PM will be under pressure from peoples desires, not from Allahs Ahkam

Man made laws will always have a bias towards the interests of the legislators or the interest of their colonial masters.

In democracy peoples taxes and lives are used to secure the interests of the corrupted elite, as was done by the oil lobby in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars

Only divine laws give justice to all

Hence Democracy is the Dictatorship of the Elite

Rule of Law only possible in the Khilafat

25 Process of decision making in a StateLegislative DecisionMakingIssuesIssuesin which Ummahs representativesare generally knowledgeable

Issues which need expertise and insightIn a State26 Process of decision making in a StateIssuesIssuesin which Ummahs representativesare generally knowledgeable

Issues which need expertise and insight27 Example of Decision making in KhilafatShould Oil and gas wells be privatizedAdministrative Laws and Implementation detailsShould the Nuclear reactor be built In Urban area

Should the state first build motorway or fix the sewage systemIn a State28Decision making in KhilafahDecision makingLegislative(General issues)(needing expertise)EconomicRulingSocialJudicialEducationPolicyForeignPolicyKhaleefah is final authority after discussing with experts

People Through their representatives decide based on majority

Allahs Ahkam Are implementedderived from thesources, Quran,Sunnah, Ijma us SahabaQiyas 29Decision making in Autocracy (dictatorship of an individual)Decision makingLegislative(General issues)(needing expertise)EconomicRulingSocialJudicialEducationPolicyForeignPolicyThe ruler The rulerThe ruler 30Decision making in Democracy (dictatorship of an elite group)Decision makingLegislative(General issues)(needing expertise)EconomicRulingSocialJudicialEducationPolicyForeignPolicyElite GroupElite GroupElite Group 31 Islamic Democracy: The biggest hurdle in implementation of IslamNo law is enacted even in an Islamic Democracy without the consent of the majority.

Hence Allahs Hukam becomes law of the land subject to the endorsement of the 51%

Riba is legal in Pakistan even though there is a clear Hukam of Allah just because the legislators in the parliament have not made it Haram. This shows who has the sovereignty in Pakistans constitution

Voting on a Hukam of Allah to accept or reject it as being the law of the land, is absolutely HARAM. This process gives man the right to say Yes or No to Allahs Hukam whilst a Muslims doesnt have any right to have any say once Allah has legislated a matter

It is not fitting for a Believer, men or women, when a matter has been decided by Allah and His Messenger to have any option about their decision

Pakistans Constitution is a Secular ConstitutionArticle 227 of 1973 Constitution of Pakistan which is sited to prove that this Constitution is Islamic, states: No Law shall be enacted which is repugnant to such injunctions [i.e. Islamic injunctions]

US added these articles to deceive the sincere elements in the legal jargons, knowing fully well that this article will not give rise to Islamic legislation

The above articles are completely un-Islamic. As all of them allow the parliamentarians to enact laws from other than Quran and Sunnah and do not restrict them only to Shari sources. Hence it is up to the people to prove whether these are repugnance to Islam or not.

The correct legal clause should be: "Legislation cannot be taken from any source other than Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijma-e-Sahaba and Qiyas" ImplicationsReal representation is only possible in the Khilafat

Rule of Law only possible in the Khilafat

Corruption: An inherent feature of Democracy

Democracy leaves the door open for foreign influence in the Political and Ruling system

Islam protects minority rights while democracy leaves it to the whims of the majority34 Corruption: An inherent feature of DemocracyIn Democracy corrupt are attracted towards politics like the bees are attracted towards nectarProfessional politicians invest millions of rupees in elections and rear Ghundas, to keep sincere people out of the political arenaThe corrupt know that the only way to protect themselves is to be in the ruling post and legislate laws which will legalize their corruptionPeoples taxes and lives are used to secure the interests of the corrupted elite, as was done by the oil lobby in the Iraq and Afghan wars recently

In Khilafat the corrupt have almost no incentive to join the political mediumProfessional politicians find no reason to invest millions as they cannot legislate laws to their benefit or influence the Khaleefah with vote of no-confidenceMembers of Majlis-e-Ummah are not rulers hence they get no developmental budgetAs a result Political system gets cleaned from corrupt people

35 Influence of foreign powers in the Political systemKhilafatDemocracySince in the Khilafat, even the Khaleefah has no right to change Allahs laws or go against them, therefore colonialist find no advantage in pressurising him in doing something for which he has no powersKhaleefah Abdul Hameeds response to Lord Herzal is best exampleHence by taking the right of legislatioin away from man Allah has actually relived man from such types of foreign pressures. Hence Multinational companies or powerful lobbies cannot pressurise the Khaleefah as he has no powers to legislate laws in their favourHence the Khilafat System ties the hands of the Khaleefah so much so that even an agent Khaleefah cannot hurt the Muslims they way an agent ruler in a dictatorship or democracy can hurt the massesWhenever man will be source of legislation foreign powers will try to influence him and make laws in their favourColonialist forces pressurise an individual in a dictatorship and an elite group in a democracy to make laws for their interestsMusharraf was asked if he is with the US or against them. He supported the US to kill Muslims of Afghanistan. And then under democracy the parliament passed 17th Amendment to legalize all the Haram actions done by Musharraf such as giving US bases, providing them with logistic support, handing away 500+ Muslims to the US etc.PM could be dictated by pressure groups, multinational Comps., IMF, WB and will be under pressure from peoples desires, not from Allahs AhkamDictatorship and Democracy are two sides of the same coin36 Difference of Opinion and How to resolve itKhilafatDemocracyIn Quran and Sunnah there are two types of texts.Qatai (definitive-no two interpretation)Zanni (Ijtehad is needed to arrive at the Hukam of Allah)Khaleefah adopts the strongest Ijtehad and implements it over all the people in societal or system related issues such as:Economic, ruling, social, education, Judicial systems and foreign policySome other issues such as Zakat, Jihad etc Islam obliges Muslims to obey the ruler leaving their own Ijtehad in these issues. Hence the sharai principle ruling of the Imam alleviates the difference of opinion is accepted by old and new scholars alike.

Difference of opinions are resolved based on Majority of the legislatures.

There is not much difference among various school of thoughts as for the systems of the state are concerned. Everyone consider Riba, obscenity as haram, amputating thief's hands as Fard, guarating basic needs as obligatory etc.Any shade of Islam would be much more acceptable for Muslims than the kufr being implemented today in the form of Capitalist system37Suggestion: closer to chapter 6 (qati hukum) not

The distinguishing feature of any Ruling SystemRuling systemWho appoints and removes the ruler ? Who legislates and makes decisions?

38 The distinguishing feature of any Ruling SystemWho appoints and removes the ruler ? 39 Appointment of the RulerKhilafatDemocracyKhaleefah must have seven conditionsMuslimSaneFreeMaleMature (Baligh)Adl (opposite of fasiq)Is capable of ruling (Qadir)

The Khaleefah is appointed either by the people directly or through their representatives The ruler should have qualification as pronounced by article 62 & 63 of the constitutionMuslimMatureGraduateGood Muslim etc.

People elect the parliament which in turn elects the Prime Minister through voting

40 Time duration of the RulerKhilafatDemocracyLike marriage and financial contracts, Khilafat contract is also not time-bound. He is elected for a limited time of 5 yearsKhilafat contract is between the Ummah and the Khalifah for ruling over the people according to Islam. Hence as long as he fulfils these conditions he will continue to be a Khalifah.

Needs peoples endorsement in the form of re-election to continue his rule

The duration could be even reduced through a no confidence vote which the representatives can carry out any time purely on their whims and desires

The pertinent question to be asked is; After all why does a good rulers should rule only just for five years and a bad rulers should stay for five long years?

The secular democracy can not develop such a mechanism as they have no divinely revealed fixed and absolute criteria's for all what is good and all what is bad for humanity. 41 Severity of the accountabilityKhilafatDemocracyAccountability is fard on the Ummah as Nahi anil Munkar

All the political parties in Khilafat are working to put Khalifah in check for implementation of Islam and act as a vanguard of Islam over Khalifah.

People have the option to either account the ruler or chose to keep quite under the pretext of freedom of expression

There are ruling and opposition parties both securing there personal and group interests. This religious obligation makes accountability in Khilafat stronger than democracy42 ConclusionBetter accountability in Khilafat system than Democracy

Democracy: Blackmailing, Horse-Trading, Maintains the Status

Khilafat is a more stable System than Democracy

Provincialism and Ethnic rivalries are an integral part of a Democratic system

43 Accounting far stronger in Khilafat than Democracy Accounting is an obligation in Islam (Amr bil Maroof and Nahhi unil Munkar)In Islam accounting is an obligation. Even if it is dangerous a Muslim has to account the rulerIn democracy accounting is a right and it is up to the people to account or keep quiet if it is dangerousPeople could be bared from accountingIn Democracy government can legislate laws to stops people from various cross-sections of the society from accounting the rulers such as Civil servants, Army officials, students etc. In Khilafat this cannot happen as Allah has ordained every individual of the society to under take Amr bil Maroof and Nahhi unil Munkar. In democracy judiciary could be bared from accountingIn democracy laws can be enacted which can stop the judges and the common people from taking the government to court. Under Article 248 of the Pakistani Constitution President, PM, Governors, Chief Ministers cannot be brought to court in connection with their responsibilitiesAccounting will based on Islam not peoples whims and desiresIn Khilafat the criteria of accounting is Islamic laws but in democracy the members of the parliament can eject the rulers purely based on their whims and desires even if the ruler is goodAccounting with swordIn Khilafat if the Khaleefah implements Kufr then he must be stopped through peaceful means such as verbal accounting and judiciary. But if he fails to stop then he must be fought and removed from this post. This is the strongest form of accounting which doesnt exist in democracy. In Democracy if the ruler is violating the constitution and the judiciary cannot stop him the people have no option but to wait until his term passes provided he doesnt get himself re-elected. Hence in all practical terms people have no way to stop this Munkar (vice)44Allahs laws are automatically the law of the land. They do not have to be in line with the whims and desires of the Khaleefah or the majority of the representatives to become the law of the land. 2

Blackmailing, Horse-Trading and Maintaining of the Status quo Vote of No-Confidence gives rise to various problems:Leg-pulling and negative politics where the people are the really victimsBlackmailing by pressure groups and lobbies specially when the government is formed through collation. A minority starts dictating the MajorityLegalized corruption and Horse-TradingGovernment resorts to Horse-Trading and legalized bribery such as developmental budget for the MNAs in order to keep its majority in the parliamentTies the hand of a good ruler and maintains the status quoAs an example, a good ruler cannot dare implement Islamic laws related to Agricultural land which will distribute land properly as he runs the risk of vote of No-Confidence from the Jageerdars (big landlords) present in the parliament. Hence anything challenging the status quo would be checked by these elite group already present in the parliamentGives rise to a very unstable system in which the rulers primary focus shifts to protecting his rule by keeping the majority in the parliament happy rather than implementing Islam or taking care of the affairs of the peoplePM will be under pressure from peoples desires, not from Allahs Ahkam45 Khilafat is a more stable System than DemocracyIn Khilafat, the representatives do not have the dictatorial powers to remove the Khaleefah and he continues to be the Khaleefah as long as he implements Islam and fulfils his contractual conditions. As a result:

Khaleefah cannot be blackmailed or pressurisedKhaleefah doesnt need to bribe the representatives to keep the majorityNo Leg-pulling or destabilizing politics as long Islam is being implementedLiberates the Khaleefah to implement Islam and not the whims and desires of the people

If the Khaleefah fails to implement Islam and tries to become a legislator (dictator) he is impeached. If the judiciary fails to impeach him then it is the responsibility of the people to bring him down physically even if they have to fight him and his followers

Due to the above reasons Khilafat is far more stable system than Democracy46