ismp013 pest management plan - gympie council...wd-mp-013 page 2 of 117 reviewed: september 2013...

ISMP013 of 117 Reviewed: September 2013 Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan (M52/09/12) [Printed copies are uncontrolled. It is the responsibility of each user to ensure that any copies of Management System documents are the current issue.]

ISMP013 of 117 Reviewed: September 2013 Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan (M52/09/12) [Printed copies are uncontrolled. It is the responsibility of each user to ensure that any copies of Management System documents are the current issue.]

Executive Summary 2 Acronyms 3 PART A: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND 1. Introduction 4

1.1 Purpose 4 1.2 Commencement and Duration 4 1.3 Area Covered by the Plan 4

2. Statutory and Planning Context 5 2.1 Legislative Framework 5 2.2 Strategic Links to Other Legislation and Planning Processes. 5 2.3 Pest Management Overview 10

3. Stakeholder Responsibilities 12 4. Development, Implementation and Review 15 PART B: STRATEGIC PROGRAM 5. Desired Outcomes, Strategic Objectives and Actions 17

5.1 Awareness and Education 18 5.2 Reliable Information 19 5.3 Strategic Directions 20 5.4 Prevention, Eradication and Containment 21 5.5 Effective Integrated Systems 24 5.6 Commitment and Partnerships 27

PART C: PRIORITY PEST SPECIES PROGRAMS 6. Overview of Pest Management Priorities 29

6.1 Pest Management Priorities 32 7. High Priority Weed and Pest Animal Programs 38

7.1 High Priority Weeds 39 7.2 High Priority Pest Animals 83

PART D: OTHER PEST SPECIES PROGRAMS 8. Overview of Other Pest Management Programs 99

8.1 Environmental Weeds 100 8.2 Class 3 Pest Animals Present in the Gympie Region 105 8.3 Emerging Pest Animals in the Gympie Region 107

PART E: CLASS 1 PESTS NOT KNOWN TO BE IN THE GYMPIE REGION

9. Class 1 Pests not known to be present in the Gympie Region 108 PART F: DECLARED PESTS

10. Declared Pests 109

10.1 Classes of Declared Pest 109 10.2 Pests listed in Part F 110

REFERENCES 116 APPENDIX 1 - Gympie Region Map APPENDIX 2 - Environmentally Significant Areas Maps

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

WD-MP-013 Page 2 of 117 Reviewed: September 2013 Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan (M52/09/12) [Printed copies are uncontrolled. It is the responsibility of each user to ensure that any copies of Management System documents are the current issue.]

The Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan has been developed for the benefit of the entire community. The plan has been developed in consultation with a range of stakeholders, including representatives from local and state government agencies, industry, environmental and community groups, and private landowners. The objective was to develop a plan which would foster cooperative pest management on all land within the Gympie Region. The plan has been formulated with due regard for constraints of time and other resources. Key Class 1 and Class 2 pests are covered by high priority pest management programs. The management of other pests will be integrated into broader pest management programs led by Gympie Regional Council but with greater responsibility devolving to individual landowners. The demographic profile of the Gympie Region is changing. While the agricultural sector continues to be important and there is increasing recognition of the significant environmental values of many parts of the shire, a growing peri-urban population and alternative lifestyle movement is presenting new challenges in pest management. One of those challenges involves communicating with the growing and changing population on pest issues. The key objectives of the plan are: to improve the use of resources and expertise available for managing pests within the Region, and to reduce the economic, social and environmental impact of local pests. This plan has been developed in accordance with the requirements of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 (Qld) and will serve as a guide to all local land managers.

ACRONYMS

WD-MP-013 Page 3 of 117 Reviewed: September 2013 Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan (M52/09/12) [Printed copies are uncontrolled. It is the responsibility of each user to ensure that any copies of Management System documents are the current issue.]

BMRG Burnett Mary Regional Group BQ Biosecurity Queensland DEEDI Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation DERM Department of Environment and Resource Management GRC Gympie Regional Council MRCCC Mary River Catchment Coordinating Committee NRMG Natural Resource Management Group QPWS Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service RIDGE Research Into Deer Genetics and Environment

Introduction and background Part A

ISMP013 Page 4 of 117 Reviewed: September 2013 Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan (M52/09/12) [Printed copies are uncontrolled. It is the responsibility of each user to ensure that any copies of Management System documents are the current issue.]

1. Introduction 1.1 Purpose The Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan 2011-2015 has been prepared to fulfill the pest management requirements of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 (Qld) (the Act). The plan also addresses control of environmental weeds and other non-declared pests which may have a detrimental effect on Gympie communities. 1.2 Commencement and Duration This Plan will commence from the time that the draft Plan is endorsed by the Minister for Agriculture, Food and Regional Economies, and the final Plan has been adopted by Council on behalf of the Gympie Region community. In accordance with section 31 of the Act, this Plan will be in force for a period of four years from the date of commencement, unless revised earlier by Council. 1.3 Area Covered by the Plan This Plan covers pest management on all land and waterways within the Gympie Region, including state-controlled land. Appendix 1 shows the area covered by the plan. The Plan addresses the management of exotic species declared under the three declaration classes identified by the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 (refer to Part F) and model local laws, as well as other species identified as having significant local impacts.



2. Statutory and Planning Context 2.1 Legislative Framework The Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 covers “the management of particular pests on land”. This includes pests of inland streams and water impoundments. The Act specifically requires local government areas to develop, adopt and implement a pest management plan as part of an integrated planning framework for managing weeds and pest animals across Queensland. The development of the Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan has been prepared in consultation with state government agencies and other stakeholders within the Region and neighbouring areas. The plan sets strategic directions, desired outcomes and the objectives, actions and success criteria for achieving the desired outcomes. Priority pest programs for Gympie Regional Council are also set out. The Act empowers Gympie Regional Council to exercise enforcement provisions where necessary. 2.2 Strategic Links to Other Legislation and Planning Processes. The Strategic Linkages establish the policy context for this plan. The plan has been developed to align with relevant Commonwealth and State policies as shown in the following table (page 6-7), and with other planning activity at the regional, catchment, local and property levels. Other legislation, statutory provisions and plans which may impact upon Gympie Regional Council pest management planning processes are shown in a further table (page 9).



Scope

Level of Planning Natural Resource Management Biosecurity Management Pest Management Pest Species

National • National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia’s Biodiversity

• National Guidelines for Rangeland Management

• National Action Plan for Salinity and Water Quality

• Reef Water Quality Plan

• National Biosecurity Committee

• National Weeds Strategy • Managing Vertebrate Pests – Principles

and Strategies • National Registration Authority for

Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals www.nra.gov.au

• National Strategies for Weeds of National Significance (WONS)

• National Pest Animal Species Threat Abatement Plans

• National Management Strategy for Carp Control

State • Queensland Coastal Plan • Queensland Biosecurity Strategy

• Queensland Weeds Strategy 2002-2006 • Queensland Pest Animal Strategy 2002-

2006 • Control of exotic Pest Fish Strategy • State Agency Pest Management Plans

• Queensland Strategies for wild dogs, locusts, mice, rabbits and Parthenium

• Problem Crocodile Conservation Plan

• Queensland WONS Strategies

Regional and Catchment

• Regional Natural Resource Management Plans E.g. Wide Bay Burnett Natural Resource Management Plan, Queensland Coastal Plan, Parks Master Plan.

• Integrated Catchment Management Strategies (Burnett Mary Natural Resource Management Plan)

• Mary River Catchment Strategy

• Burnett Mary Regional Pest Management Plan and Associated Investment Strategy

• SEQ Environmental Weeds Strategy Regional Pest Management Plans for: - Main Roads, - Queensland Parks and Wildlife

Service.

• Burnett Catchment Care Association Water Weeds Initiative Strategic Plan

• Mary River Aquatic Weed Strategy 2010-2014



Scope

Level of Planning Natural Resource Management Biosecurity Management Pest Management Pest Species

Local Government Gympie Regional Council documents: • Planning Scheme • Conservation Strategy • Local Area Planning • Public Facilities and Reserve

Management Planning • Community Development Planning • Open Space and Recreational Plans • Foreshore Management Plan

• Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan and Adjacent Local Government Pest Management Plans

• Policy on Control of Giant Rat’s Tail Grass (GRT) (Sporobolus spp.)

Property • Property Resource Management Plans

• Sub-Catchment Plans

• Property Biosecurity Plans • Property Pest Management Plans



Example: Weeds of National Significance (WONS)

Under the National Weeds Strategy, 20 introduced plants have been identified as weeds of national significance. Many of these weeds are found in, or adjacent to, the Gympie Region. Because of their significance, these weeds are a high priority for control. The 20 weeds are:

Cabomba (Cabomba caroliana) © Gympie Regional Council

• Alligator Weed • Athel Pine • Bitou Bush/ Boneseed • Blackberry • Bridal Creeper

• Cabomba • Chilean Needle Grass • Gorse • Hymenachne • Lantana

• Mesquite • Mimosa • Parkinsonia • Parthenium Weed • Pond Apple

• Prickly Acacia • Rubber Vine • Salvinia • Serrated Tussock • Willows



Other Legislation and Related Plans Impacts

Vegetation Management Act 1999 e.g. permits for clearing native vegetation for weed control.

Nature Conservation Act 1992 e.g. protection of Dingoes in conservation areas.

Water Act 2000 e.g. impact of pest management activities in water courses.

Environmental Protection Act 1994 e.g. possible contaminants arising from pest management.

Wild Rivers Act 2005 e.g. permits for clearing native vegetation to control weeds.

Transport Infrastructure Act 1994 and Land Title Act 1994 e.g. managing road reserves beyond identified state-controlled roads.

Animal Care and Protection Act 2001 e.g. providing seized pest animals with appropriate food, water and shelter.

Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals (Queensland) Act 1994 e.g. using pest management chemicals appropriately.

Regional statutory plans e.g. South East Queensland Regional Plan 2009-2031.

Other plans as appropriate including state agency pest management plans, regional vegetation management plans, regional pest management plans, natural resource management (NRM plans), stock route network plans, and local government corporate plans

As this list of relevant legislation and related plans demonstrates, the process of pest management planning is undertaken in a complex operating environment in which social, economic, agricultural and environmental impacts must all be considered.

Example: Mary River Aquatic Weed Strategy 2010-2014

The Mary River Aquatic Weed Strategy was funded by the Burnett Mary Regional Group and involved stakeholders from SunWater, Council staff, community groups, Biosecurity Queensland and private landholders. The overall objective of the Strategy is to control and manage aquatic weeds in the Mary River catchment, while improving and creating environmental, social and economic benefits. The Strategy aims to increase awareness of aquatic weeds and develop skills among stakeholders to better address the aquatic weed problem. It also aims to encourage community ownership of the aquatic weed problem. The Strategy links to state government department pest management strategies and the overarching Burnett Mary Natural Resource Management Plan and Mary River Catchment Strategy. Activities under the Mary River Aquatic Weed Strategy must take into account legislative requirements such as those of the Water Act 2000, the Environmental Protection Act 1994 and the Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals (Queensland) Act 1994.



2.3 Pest Management Overview Weeds and pest animals inflict substantial economic, social and environmental costs on Queensland and all residents of the State. Pests cost Queensland more than $710 million every year in lost production and control expenditure (Booth, 2008). They damage and degrade natural resources (including vegetation), threaten biodiversity values and interfere with human health and recreational activities. Within the Gympie Region, from the coast to the mountain hinterlands, in both rural and urban areas, weeds displace native flora, reduce habitat for native fauna, impair agricultural outputs and are responsible for a loss of amenity in parks and gardens. Similarly, pest animals impact upon native fauna and flora, inflict costs on the agricultural sector, and may cause damage and spread disease in urban and peri-urban settings. Coastal ecosystems in the Gympie Region are coming under increasing pressure from residential and tourist developments. Native flora are under pressure due to the introduction of low maintenance, exotic “tropical” plant species (such as Asparagus Fern (Asparagus spp.), Singapore Daisy (Sphagneticola trilobata) and Glory Lily (Gloriosa superba)) which are escaping to the wild. Where development infrastructure (such as drainage) cannot contain the spread of seed or vegetative fragments from such species, they quickly extend their range into natural ecosystems where they become weeds. The release of exotic aquarium plants into waterways is also creating significant weed issues and challenges for pest control (Cooloola Coastcare Association, 2010). Greater integration of development planning with pest control and public education is likely to assist in managing these issues. In the rural hinterland, animal pests such as wild dogs (Canis familiaris and Canis familiaris Dingo) are responsible for significant stock losses (Kenny, 2008). Weeds such as Rat’s Tail Grass (Sporobolus spp.) also cause production losses through pasture degradation and property devaluation. Addressing these problems calls for differing approaches geared to the level of threat and the likelihood of successful (and economic) pest management. Wild dogs, for example, are best controlled by Council-facilitated, targeted baiting programs at particular times of the year, with landowners maintaining continuing pressure on these pests outside the program times. However, it is only if all landowners participate in control efforts that management efforts are likely to succeed. Similarly, Gympie Regional Council has developed a Policy on the Management of Giant Rat’s Tail Grass. The threat posed by other pest plant and animal species can also be reduced if all landowners work together to address the problem.



Peri-urban areas pose perhaps the greatest challenge for pest management because of the diverse demographic mix and objectives of residents. Small scale rural industry, absentee owners and alternative lifestylers all have different aims and objectives in using their land. But one group may not be as aware as another of the threat posed by particular pests – or even that there is a pest problem on their land (Aslin, 2006). Community education is needed to build an appreciation of pest issues in these areas, supplemented by workshops which teach landowners how to deal with particular pests. Many pest plants and animals are declared pests under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 and the associated regulations contained in the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Regulation 2003. The legislation and regulations provide a starting point for Gympie Regional Council in developing its pest management plan. Gympie Regional Council is also empowered to declare other plant and animal pest species under local laws, where those species are an issue and the problem can be addressed at the local level. However, government agencies and landowners may face significant challenges in achieving efficient and effective pest management. It is the nature of pests that they are resilient and resourceful. Their tenacity enables them to resist control and invade new areas as opportunity allows. It is generally accepted that preventing the establishment of new pests is the most cost effective pest management strategy (Hart and Bomford, 2006). Public concerns have been raised with non-declared pests such as the Cane Toad (Bufo marinus), House Mouse (Mus musculus), and the increasing presence of the Indian Myna (Acridotheres tristis) and Asian House Gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus). New threats, such as Myrtle Rust also mean that the challenges for pest management never diminish. Dealing with some threats requires Commonwealth or State agency leadership. Other pests are issues for the local level, but with competing priorities and limited resources, making local pest declarations and diverting resources to new pest issues when existing pests have a higher public profile can be a contentious issue. Only if the community is educated about pest issues can the community understand the reasons for pest management priorities and how responsibilities are allocated.

Example: Myrtle Rust (Uredo rangelii)

Myrtle rust (Uredo rangelii / Puccinia psidii) is a serious fungal disease of plants that was first detected in New South Wales in 2010. It has now been confirmed in Queensland. Myrtle Rust infects myrtaceous plants, including many Australian natives such as Lilly Pilly (Syzygium spp.), Bottle Brush (Callistemon spp.), Tea Tree (Melaleuca spp.) and Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) are all known to be affected. The first signs of myrtle rust are tiny raised spots or pustules on infected leaves. After a few days, these turn a distinctive egg-yolk colour (as shown below). While the rust has a devastating effect on susceptible plants, it poses no threat to human or animal health. The Myrtle Rust National Management Group recently agreed that it was not feasible to eradicate this disease from Australia. A national management program is being developed. Under Queensland legislation, any suspected Myrtle Rust infection should be reported to Biosecurity Queensland on 13 25 23 (Exotic Pest Plant Hotline).

Myrtle Rust on Beach Cherry (Eugenia reinwardtiana) foliage

© DEEDI, Biosecurity Queensland



Overall, the cost of pest management can be extremely high, both at the landscape and property scales. On the landscape scale, government agencies and Gympie Regional Council may invest significant resources in pest control efforts. But the full benefit of that expenditure and effort is unlikely to be realised unless individual landowners take the initiative to ensure pest control at the property level. Similarly on the property scale, unless all affected landowners participate in the management of pests – for example, Wild Dogs or Rat’s Tail Grass – pest species will continue to invade from uncontrolled areas. Effective pest management is not simply a government responsibility. It requires full commitment and participation by the whole community. The regional and inter-agency co-ordination of activities and resources is also necessary, as the impacts of pests do not stop at local government boundaries. Gympie Regional Council is introducing new technology to enhance the effectiveness of its pest control strategies. This “Pest Data Management System” enables Council Lands Protection Officers’ to accurately map pests in the field and upload the information to maps which are immediately available for pest management purposes. This will assist Gympie Regional Council in working closely with neighbouring local governments and Biosecurity Queensland to coordinate strategies and the use of resources to increase the effectiveness of individual pest management programs.

3. Stakeholder Responsibilities

Example: Using Technology to Improve Pest Control

This ‘Pests Data Management System’ utilises hand-held, GPS equipped ‘Tablet PC’ mapping devices which enables Council Officers to have tools and information available to them to better survey and map pests distribution and density. This in turn will lead to more effective and efficient pest control actions. Pest management software is integrated with Google Earth maps, aerial imagery and DCDB spatial layers. This allows the user to access an aerial view of the point where they are standing and to draw or “track” the area of an infestation. This mapped pest data can be exported for later analysis. The system can be integrated with any GIS mapping layer available to Council. The system provides a number of mapping layers which will enable a Lands Protection Officer to view the owner details for a parcel of land, view details about the land parcel (including previous pest data) and view surrounding roads, railways and contours. The hand-held devices allow users to work independently. All uploaded data is then synchronised, allowing “big picture” analysis to take place. Data is centrally stored and identified by unique inspection numbers that are linked with the user ID. This system allows for strategic planning and reporting of specific pest management issues. Council maintains a register of ‘Pest Control Notices’ and ‘Entry Notices’ issued to landholders in accordance with section 86 of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002.

Gympie Regional Council



Key stakeholder responsibilities for implementing this plan are outlined below.

Stakeholder Key Roles and Responsibilities

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Other

Gympie Regional Council (GRC)

Surveillance, early detection, destruction of infestations, local planning, mapping and raising awareness.

Submit Local Government annual payment (precept) to the relevant Minister for specific services.

Notification to Biosecurity Queensland.

Compliance, surveillance, local planning, mapping and raising awareness.

Submit Local Government annual payment (precept) to the relevant Minister NRM for specific services.

Compliance, surveillance, local planning, mapping and raising awareness.

Submit Local Government annual payment (precept) to the relevant Minister NRM for specific services.

Local laws.

Contribute financially through the annual payment system for pest control and research services.

Biosecurity Queensland (BQ), Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation (DEEDI)

Early detection, destruction of infestations, compliance, state-wide planning, mapping coordination, raising awareness and research.

Build capacity of Local Governments to inspect for Class 1 pests.

Seek supplementary funding for eradication projects in partnership with relevant stakeholders.

Supply 1080 to Local Governments and administer, monitor, record and enforce the proper use of 1080.

Initiate, lead and coordinate major containment and/or management programs in partnership with relevant stakeholders.

Compliance, statewide planning, mapping coordination, raising awareness and research.

Initiate, lead and coordinate major containment and/or management programs in partnership with relevant stakeholders.

Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service (QPWS), Department of Environment and Resource Management (DERM)

Exclude high priority species; implement QPWS “good neighbour” policy.

Surveillance, Early detection.

Notification to Biosecurity Queensland.

Early detection, eradication of isolated, strategic infestations/ populations; implement QPWS “good neighbour” policy.

Early detection, eradication of isolated, strategic infestations/ populations; implement QPWS “good neighbour” policy.

Ensure the conservation of biodiversity, monitor and regulate environmental impact of weed and pest animal management; implement QPWS “good neighbour” policy.



Stakeholder

(.... continued)

Key Roles and Responsibilities (.... continued)

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Other

Department of Defence Exclude high priority species. Early detection, eradication of isolated, strategic infestations/ populations.

Early detection, eradication of isolated, strategic infestations/ populations.

National border protection and surveillance, funding support for programs dealing with Weeds of National Significance.

Natural Resource Management Group (NRMG)

Assist with the development and implementation of eradication programs.

Contribute to regional containment and/or management programs in partnership with relevant stakeholders.

Support funding proposals for control programs.

Regional planning and funding support for resource management work programs.

Other public sector land managers (e.g., Sun Water, Main Roads, QRail)

Early detection, destruction of infestations. Destruction and control of infestations.

Control in environmentally significant areas.

Control in accordance with local laws.

Landowners (including state landholding agencies)

Early detection, destruction of infestations. Destruction and control of infestations.

Animal control in or adjacent to environmentally significant areas.

Weed control in environmentally significant areas.

Control in accordance with local laws.



4. Development, Implementation and Review This plan is the first plan prepared for Gympie Regional Council since the Council was created in 2008 from the amalgamation of Cooloola Shire, Kilkivan Shire, and Division 3 of Tiaro Shire. In accordance with section 31 of the Act, a local government area pest management plan has effect for a period of no more than four years. This plan, when complete and approved by the Minister, will have effect from 2011-2015. The plan has been developed from a review of the previous pest plans for Cooloola, Kilkivan and Tiaro Shires, supplemented by up-to-date information on pests in and around the Gympie Region. The process of developing the plan provided opportunity for the local community and other stakeholders to have input into determining strategic directions and priority pest programs for the next four years. Stakeholder and community consultation on the draft has involved:

• Establishment of a working group to advise on development of the plan. • Community consultation on the draft plan in accordance with section 35 of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act

2002. Members of the working group are listed in the table on the following page. The draft plan was submitted to the Minister for Primary Industries, Fisheries and Rural and Regional Queensland on 10 July 2012. The Minister was satisfied that the plan met the requirements of the Act, and on 14 August 2012 advised the Council to adopt the plan. Council adopted, through resolution, this Plan on 26 September 2012 (M52/09/12). In keeping with sections 30(2) and 32 of the Act, the Council has adopted the plan for implementation. The plan is available for public inspection in both written and electronic form at the Council’s office and library. The plan will remain current until 31 December 2015. Annual action plans will be prepared each financial year to detail key actions, activities and programs for that year. Annual action plans will be reviewed annually, on or before 1 April, to monitor the effectiveness of the plan. As required by section 33(2) of the Act, monitoring and evaluation processes (including the measurement of actions against stated success criteria) are in place to ensure the effectiveness of the plan. Any amendments to the plan will require its resubmission to the Minister for approval (s.34), and the old plan will be replaced upon the adoption of the new one.



Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan Working Group

Gympie Regional Council Representatives in Attendance Pest Working Groups Invitees

Cr Tony Perrett Councillor/ Deputy Mayor Name withheld Gympie and District Landcare

Cr Graham Engeman Councillor Name withheld South East Burnett Landcare

Grayden Curry General Manager Technical Services Name withheld Cooloola Coast Care

Ben Curley Lands Protection Manager Janine Clark Growcom

Wayne Sauer Lands Protection Officer Name withheld RIDGE

Samantha Coyle Lands Protection Officer Nora Brandli BMRG

Craig Milton Parks and Gardens Technical Officer

Amy Gosley Environmental Planner

Peter Jesser Consultant

Industry Representatives Invitees State Agencies Invitees

Name withheld Queensland Dairy Organisation Name withheld QPWS

Name withheld Dairy/ Horticulture Name withheld Department of Main Roads

Name withheld Beef Producer Glenn Withers Queensland Rail

Name withheld Beef Producer and Agforce Helen Haapakoski Biosecurity Queensland

Name withheld Gympie District Beef Liaison Group Barry Sullivan Biosecurity Queensland

Name withheld Gympie District Beef Liaison Group and Agforce Name withheld Office of Coordinator General / DSDIP

Name withheld MRCCC Name withheld SEQ Water

Name withheld Land Management Contractor Name withheld Department of Defence

Name withheld Forest Plantations Queensland (FPQ Pty Ltd)

STRATEGIC PROGRAM Part B


This part of the plan sets out strategic programs addressing pest management generally in the Gympie Region. The programs will be implemented over the four-year life of the plan and are aligned with the desired outcomes set out in the Queensland Weeds Strategy 2002-2006 and the Queensland Pest Animal Strategy 2002-2006.

5. Desired Outcomes, Strategic Objectives and Actions Pest management efforts under the Plan will be directed towards achieving the desired outcomes listed on the following pages. The lead agency for all strategic actions in the tables is shown in bold.



5.1 Awareness and Education

Desired Outcome 1: Stakeholders are informed, knowledgeable and have ownership of weed and pest animal management.

Issue 5.1.1: Availability of Information (combines two related issues in the Queensland strategies, i.e. availability of information and awareness)

Strategic Objective To increase community, industry, agribusiness and government awareness of pests and their impacts.

Measure of Success The degree to which public awareness programs close public knowledge gaps.

Strategic Actions By Whom When Status

• Publish fact sheets about pests declared under model local laws.

• Organise awareness activities (e.g. participation in Weedbuster Week, Queensland Weed Spotters Network, agricultural shows, and presentations and field days for schools and stakeholders).

• Erect pest awareness signs at strategic sites.

• Develop and implement a pest awareness program tailored for local audiences (e.g. pest displays at agricultural shows in the Gympie Region).

• Make use of all current communication technologies, including print and electronic media and the internet.

GRC

GRC, BQ, other state government agencies

GRC

GRC, BQ, landholders

GRC

Ongoing

Annually

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Issue 5.1.2: Education and Training (combines two related issues in the Queensland strategies – education and training)

Strategic Objective To enhance stakeholder capacity and skills in pest management.

Measure of Success The degree to which individuals and stakeholders pursue training in pest management


• Undertake professional training of council officers and other stakeholders in relation to pest identification and best practice pest management.

• Local government officers participation in relevant workshops, conferences and forums.

GRC

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing



5.2 Reliable Information

Desired Outcome 2: Reliable information is the basis for decision making.

Issue 5.2.1: Data Collection and Assessment

Strategic Objective To collect, use and make available data relevant to weed and pest animal management.

Measure of Success The degree to which information and maps are up-to-date and available for use


• Map all Class 1 and priority Class 2 declared pests.

• Contribute pest data to state-wide mapping of all declared species (DEEDI annual pest survey) through data sharing agreement.

BQ (Class 1), GRC (Class 2)

GRC

Ongoing

Annually

Ongoing

Ongoing

Issue 5.2.2: Biology and Impacts

Strategic Objective To further the understanding of the biology, ecology and impacts of weeds and pest animals.

Measure of Success The degree to which information and maps are up-to-date and available for use


• Continue to consider pest behaviour (biology and ecology), pest impacts (economic, social and environmental) and pest control costs in the local declaration and prioritisation of pest species.

BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



5.3 Strategic Directions

Desired Outcome 3: Strategic directions are established, maintained and owned by all stakeholders.

Issue 5.3.1: Planning

Strategic Objective To create and maintain a planning framework for weed and pest animal management.

Measure of Success The degree to which the planning framework facilitates the development of effective plans.


• Identify practical measures for the detection, eradication and management of pest species in the local government area.

• Ensure that pest management programs are consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas.

• Ensure that pest management programs are consistent with other resource management and related plans (e.g. regional natural resource management plans, vegetation management plans, etc.).

BQ, GRC

GRC

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Issue 5.3.2: Strategy Management and Coordination

Strategic Objective To implement, evaluate and review integrated weed and pest animal management programs.

Measure of Success The degree to which the weed and pest animal management programs are integrated and effective


• Review the Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan three months before the end of each financial year.

• Complete a new Gympie Regional Council Pest Management Plan three months prior to the expiry of its predecessor.

GRC

GRC

Annually by 31 March

By 31 March 2015

Ongoing



Issue 5.3.3: Resources

Strategic Objective To efficiently and adequately resource weed and pest animal management.

Measure of Success The degree to which the weed and pest animal programs are adequately resourced.


• Secure adequate resources for local pest management actions.

• Support DEEDI statewide services that are of benefit to local government such as research, extension, plague pest control, barrier fences, etc.

GRC

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

5.4 Prevention, Eradication and Containment

Desired Outcome 4: The introduction, spread and establishment of weeds and pest animals will be prevented or minimised.

Issue 5.4.1: Prevention

Strategic Objective To prevent the introduction of new weeds and pest animals.

Measure of Success No new introductions are identified and the spread of existing infestations is minimised


• Prohibit the cultivation, distribution, sale or other supply of pest species.

• Promote the use of weed hygiene declarations for stock entering stock routes, movement of harvesters and construction equipment, and movement of fodder, soil and turf.

• Adopt weed prevention protocols and support their adoption by other local stakeholders.

• Council will conduct pest survey programs to monitor compliance with the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 (the Act) and to map distribution of declared pests and identify new incursions in accordance with sections 241, 242 and 243 of the Act.

GRC

GRC

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing



Issue 5.4.2: Eradication

Strategic Objective To ensure early detection and eradication of new pest species.

Measure of Success Pests are identified quickly and eradication is effective.


• Identify pests prioritised for early detection and eradication.

• Survey areas at risk from new introductions of Class 1 pests.

• Implement a rapid response program, together with the state government, for handling new infestations of Class 1 pests.

GRC

BQ, GRC

BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Issue 5.4.3: Containment

Strategic Objective To contain the spread of established pests.

Measure of Success The spread of weeds and pest animals to new areas is minimised.


• Eradicate small, isolated infestations.

• Contain local Class 2 pests in core infestation areas.

BQ (Class 1), GRC

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing



Example: Working Together to Prevent Weed Seed Spread

Weed Hygiene Declaration forms were developed to assist land holders, rural industry, community and government to minimise the impact of weeds on their business and on the environment. The Declaration assists in preventing the spread of weeds and other contaminants, and meets the requirements of section 45 of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route) Act 2002. Section 45 of the Act makes it an offence to supply a ‘thing’ that is contaminated with a Class 1 or any of the Class 2 weeds listed. This includes the five declared Sporobolus spp. (GRT’s), Parthenium and prickly acacia. Gympie Regional Council encourages the use of Weed Hygiene Declaration forms (available from DEEDI) for land holders and contractors moving machinery around the Region. As it is said, ‘prevention is always better than the cure’ and these requirements are aimed at minimising weed seed spread through movement of machinery and other catalysts.

Photo P Jesser Weed seeds including GRT and Parthenium are often transported in mud and in recesses on machinery. Weed hygiene minimises weed spread.



5.5 Effective Integrated Systems

Desired Outcome 5: Pest management is based on the principles of best practice, improvement and commitment

Issue 5.5.1: Development of Management Practices

Strategic Objective To develop new, and improve existing, weed and pest animal management practices.

Measure of Success The degree to which best practice weed and pest animal management practices are developed.


• Contribute to developing local best practice. GRC, BQ Ongoing Ongoing

Issue 5.5.2: Adoption of Management Practices

Strategic Objective Adopt and promote best practice in weed and pest animal management.

Measure of Success The degree to which best practice management is adopted by GRC and systems promoted to land managers.


• Adopt timely and effective integrated best practice management for priority pest species that considers timing, integrated techniques, non-target damage and workplace health and safety.

• Collate and distribute best practice information to land managers.

GRC, BQ

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Issue 5.5.3: Management Incentives

Strategic Objective To offer incentives to stakeholders for implementing pest management.

Measure of Success The degree to which incentives increase commitment to pest management.


• Continue to offer effective existing incentives (e.g. bounty on wild dog scalps).

• Assess the effectiveness of existing and potential incentives.

• Loan trapping equipment to landowners (e.g. dog and rabbit traps).

GRC

GRC

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing



Issue 5.5.4: Population and Impact Management

Strategic Objective To reduce pest populations and impacts.

Measure of Success The degree to pest populations and impacts are reduced.


• Coordinate plague pest animal management with stakeholders.

• Coordinate impact reduction programs for established pest animals (e.g. baiting, trapping, harbour removal).

BQ, GRC

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Issue 5.5.5: Environmentally Significant Areas (See Appendix 2 - Map 2 and definition on next page)

Strategic Objective To protect environmentally significant areas from weeds and pest animals.

Measure of success The degree to which environmentally significant areas are protected from weeds and pest animals.


• Identify and update as required environmentally significant areas maps.

• Prioritise weed and pest management in environmentally significant areas.

• Link to planning/development applications.

GRC

GRC

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing



Environmentally Significant Areas (ESAs)

What is an Environmentally Significant Area?

Section 78 of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 provides a definition of an Environmentally Significant Area for the purpose of controlling pests.

The Act, section 78 (7) states:

“In this section – environmentally significant area means any of the following –

(a) A protected area; (b) Land dedicated as a reserve for environmental purposes under the Land Act 1994, section 31; (c) A world heritage area listed under the World Heritage Convention; (d) An area supporting a critically endangered or endangered ecological community in the list

established under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Commonwealth), section 181;

(e) A declared Ramsar wetland under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999;

(f) An area of high nature conservation value under the Vegetation Management Act 1999; (g) An area, other than State-controlled land, identified in a local government’s pest management

plan as area that has special environmental significance for native wildlife; (h) A wild river area.”

Function of Environmentally Significant Areas The designation of an Environmentally Significant Area (ESA) under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 provides an added capacity for Local Governments to manage weeds and pest animals for areas of ecological/ environmental importance. The owner of land where a declared Class 3 pest is causing (or likely to cause) adverse economic, environmental or social impacts on an adjacent ESA (or on the owner’s land if it is within or adjacent to an ESA) may be issued with a ‘Pest Control Notice’ requiring the land owner to implement pest control. The notice may also be extended to apply to a species that is not a declared pest if it is considered to threaten the survival of native wildlife (both flora and fauna), in the area, or if it affects the area’s capacity to sustain natural processes.

In practice, the issue of a ‘Pest Control Notice’ for a Class 3 pest would usually only be considered where land holders are non-compliant with appropriate pest management actions. A preferable outcome would be the establishment of a local partnership of land owners that would work together to control pests. The term ‘adjacent’ is not defined in the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. When determining adjacency for this purpose, consideration needs to be given to the biological characteristics of the pest species in question. For highly mobile or dispersible pest species, ‘adjacent’ might be taken to include a greater area than for less mobile or dispersible pest species.



5.6 Commitment and Partnerships

Desired Outcome 6: All stakeholders committed to and undertake coordinated management of weeds and pest animals

Issue 5.6.1: Long-Term Commitment

Strategic Objective To establish long-term stakeholder commitment to weed and pest animal management.

Measure of Success The degree to which stakeholders demonstrate commitment to weed and pest animal management in the long-term.


• Build working partnerships between stakeholders to generate a holistic (or landscape) approach to pest management and a sense of community ownership of the problem.

• Develop pest management approaches based on ecosystem maps, including aquatic ecosystem maps.

• Include resource allocations in annual work programs.

GRC

GRC

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Annually

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Issue 5.6.2: Roles and Responsibilities

Strategic Objective To establish roles and responsibilities for weed and pest animal management that are accepted by landowners, community, industry and government.

Measure of Success The degree to which roles and responsibilities are accepted by stakeholders.

Strategic Actions By whom When Status

• Establish, through consultation, agreed roles and responsibilities for all stakeholders in the implementation of the program.

• Develop actions for all stakeholders in consultation with them and include in annual action programs.

GRC, other stakeholders

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing



Issue 5.6.3: Compliance and Enforcement

Strategic Objective To ensure compliance with the Act in weed and pest animal management.

Measure of Success The degree to which compliance is achieved.

Strategic Actions By Whom (lead agency in bold)

When Status

• Council maintains a register of ‘Pest Control Notices’ and ‘Entry Notices’ issued to landholders in accordance with section 86 of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002.

• Enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control pests.

• Adopt/ refine/ implement operational procedures developed by DEEDI (e.g. seizures; quarantine; confiscation and destruction of declared pests; entering land, vehicles and property; recovering costs; survey and inspections; straying dogs).

GRC

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Ongoing

Example: Compliance and Enforcement: Policy on the Management of Giant Rats Tail Grass

Rat’s Tail Grass is a name in common use which refers to several of the declared Sporobolus grass species (often referred to as GRT). These Sporobolus species are highly invasive. Rat’s Tail Grasses are found in rural, peri-urban and coastal areas within the Gympie Region. The pest has differing economic consequences for landowners, but is a major environmental pest wherever it occurs. In rural areas, Rat’s Tail Grasses degrade pastures by reducing productivity. Controlling Rat’s Tail Grass involves significant costs and down-time for rural producers. The effects of the weed may appear less significant to other landowners, but the presence of Rat’s Tail Grasses can lead to general reduction in land values. Gympie Regional Council has adopted a Policy on the Management of Giant Rat's Tail Grass to impress upon all landowners the need to control this highly destructive economic, social and environmental weed. The Policy was developed to convey to landowners the Council’s minimum expectation for management of the weed and Council’s commitment to enforcing that standard. Landowners are expected to begin by establishing a 20 metre wide buffer zone free of Rat’s Tail Grass along external boundaries, and to progressively extend that zone on an annual basis, with a view to eventual eradication of the weed. The Policy establishes the parameters for an ongoing pest control response that recognises the limited financial resources of landowners. Rat’s Tail Grasses may be contained and the area it affects reduced if all landowners work to implement the objectives of the Policy.

PRIORITY PEST SPECIES PROGRAMS Part C


This part of the plan sets out the four-year program for high priority weeds and pest animals identified in the Gympie Region.

6. Overview of Pest Management Priorities In the preparation of this plan, Gympie Regional Council undertook a prioritisation process for the management of species that are present in the Region and legislated for management under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002, or are deemed to pose a significant local threat (that is, pests which may be declared by the Gympie Regional Council under local government law). Pests declared by the State Government are classified under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 as Class 1, 2 or 3 pests (see table below). Declared pest species are identified in Schedule 2 of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Regulation 2003. The Regulation may be viewed online at http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/L/LandPRPSRMR03.pdf

Classes of Declared Pests under the Act

Class Description

1

A Class 1 pest is one that is not commonly present in Queensland and which, if introduced, would have an adverse economic, environmental or social impact. Class 1 pests identified in Queensland are subject to eradication from the State. Landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Class 1 pests.

2

A Class 2 pest is one that is established in Queensland and which has, or could have, an adverse economic, environmental or social impact. Management of Class 2 pests requires coordination and the pests are subject to control programs led by local government, community and/or landowners. Landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Class 2 pests.

3 A Class 3 pest is one that is established in Queensland and which has, or could have, an adverse economic, environmental or social impact. Landowners are not required to control Class 3 pests unless their land is in or adjacent to an environmentally significant area.

Education and awareness programs are also indicated for all classes of pest. The nature and extent of such programs will be determined by the level of threat and opportunity for control.

http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/L/LandPRPSRMR03.pdf



Example: Wild Dogs

Wild Dogs (Canis familiaris, Canis familiaris Dingo and hybrids) are a major economic, environmental and social pest in the Gympie Region. They may inflict significant losses on the grazing industry and are an increasing cause of problems in and around the urban fringe. Wild Dogs are a Class 2 pest requiring control in all areas of Council responsibility. Council facilitates bi-annual wild dog baiting programs and also assists landowners with one-off baiting initiatives where there is a significant wild dog problem. Education and awareness programs for wild dog control should be ongoing, but communication should be intensified and targeted during key months for implementation of control programs (the April/ May mating period and August/ September whelping period). Council has maps available free to the community to identify ‘urban districts’ throughout the region to assist with pest management activities including baiting programs in accordance with section 86 of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002.

Photo P. Jesser

A number of factors determine the priorities for pest control. These factors include:

• Legislative classification. • Feasibility of eradication, control or containment. • Potential for further spread. • Available resources. • Financial impact on businesses in the Region. • Health impacts. • Environmental impacts.

These factors have been taken into account in prioritising action on pest animals and weeds using a combination of two criteria:

• The positive impact achievable by resourcing immediately. • The potential detrimental impact if no action is taken.

The table of priorities is shown right. * Note: ‘detrimental impact’ means economic, social and/or environmental impact.

Using this table, weeds and pest animals have been categorised in five broad bands for planning purposes.

Positive impact achievable by resourcing immediately

High H-L H-M H-H

Medium M-L M-M M-H

Low L-L L-M L-H

Low Medium High

Potential detrimental impact if no action is taken*



H-H High positive impact achievable by resourcing immediately and High potential detrimental impact if no action is taken.

H-M High positive impact achievable by resourcing immediately and Medium potential detrimental impact if no action is taken.

M-H Medium positive impact achievable by resourcing immediately and High potential detrimental impact if no action is taken.

H-L High positive impact achievable by resourcing immediately and Low potential detrimental impact if no action is taken.

M-M Medium positive impact achievable by resourcing immediately and Medium potential detrimental impact if no action is taken.

L-H Low positive impact achievable by resourcing immediately and High potential detrimental impact if no action is taken.

M-L Medium positive impact achievable by resourcing immediately and Low potential detrimental impact if no action is taken.

L-M Low positive impact achievable by resourcing immediately and Medium potential detrimental impact if no action is taken.

L-L Low positive impact achievable by resourcing immediately and Low potential detrimental impact if no action is taken.

In addition, the achievability of control given finite resources among all stakeholders has been considered. Targets for achievability of control are:

A Exclusion from entering Gympie Region

B Eradication of isolated, strategic infestations/ populations

C Containment within known areas

D Broad-scale management with biological control or fire/ protection of strategic areas

In the following pages, pest management priorities are set out in section 6.1, and high priority weed and pest animal programs in section 7.



6.1 Pest Management Priorities Management Priorities for Weeds in the Gympie Region

Common and Scientific Name Threat (potential and actual) Distribution and Density Declaration

Status Achievability Priority

Bitou Bush

(Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on recreation and tourism values -

medium.

Infestations in sand dunes at Rainbow Beach; Fraser Island; and Double Island Point.

Class 1 B H-H

Cabomba or Fanwort (Cabomba spp.)

Pink Cabomba (C. furcata)

Common or Green Cabomba (C. caroliniana)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on recreation and tourism values -

medium.

Known to be present in Six Mile Creek, close to Gympie Region boundary.

Class 1 (C. furcata)

Class 2

(C. caroliniana)

A H-H

Honey Locust

(Gleditsia spp. including cultivars and varieties)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture - medium.

Known infestations at Gap Road to Kenilworth near Region boundary; Glastonbury Creek Bridge to old Greendale Road area; and Boonara Creek – Ettrickdale Road; Mooloo area.

Class 1 B H-H

Hudson Pear

(Cylindropuntia rosea, C. tunicata and other cholla cactus spp.)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture - high.

Reported in Gympie Region, but not positively identified.

Class 1 A H-H

Hygrophila

(Hygrophila costata) • Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture - high.

Infestation at Six Mile Creek near Region boundary; isolated infestations have been treated in Gympie Region.

Class 1 A H-H



Mexican Feather Grass

(Nassella tenuissima) • Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture - high.

Known infestations at Kybong and Pie Creek.

Class 1 B H-H

Prickly Pear

(Opuntia spp. other than O. ficus-indica)

(O. stricta, O. aurantiaca, O. monacantha, O. tomentosa and O. streptacantha are Class 2 pests in Queensland)


Infestations around Borumba Dam and hinterland.

Class 1 B H-H

Parthenium

(Parthenium hysterophorus)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture – high. • Potential impacts on human health – high.

Infestations at Wide Bay Creek, Nangur Creek, Barambah Creek, Calico Creek, Lower Mary River, Borumba Dam.

Class 2 B H-H

Rubber Vine

(Cryptostegia grandiflora)


Booubyjan area, western part of Gympie Region.

Class 2 B H-H

Rat’s Tail Grasses (declared Sporobolus spp.) with the following names:

American Rat’s Tail Grass (Sporobolus jacquemontii)

Giant Parramatta Grass (Sporobolus fertilis)

Giant Rat’s Tail Grass (Sporobolus pyramidalis and S. natalensis)

Parramatta Grass (Sporobolus natalensis)


Infestations throughout Gympie Region.

Class 2 C H-H



African Boxthorn

(Lycium ferocissimum)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture - high. Tansey Sports Reserve. Class 2 C H-M

Annual Ragweed

(Ambrosia artemisiifolia)


Along Mary River and at other isolated sites.

Class 2 C H-M

Belly-Ache Bush

(Jatropha gossypiifolia and hybrids)


Previous infestations treated; no known current infestations.

Class 2 A H-M

Fireweed

(Senico madagascariensis) • Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture - high.

Main infestations on rail corridor and properties adjoining the railway; infestations also at Traveston, Gympie Brooloo Road, Skyring Creek Road, Daniel Drive.

Class 2 C H-M

Groundsel Bush

(Baccharis halimifolia)


Scattered infestations throughout Gympie Region in varying densities.

Class 2 C H-M

Hymenachne (or Olive Hymenachne)

(Hymenachne amplexicaulis)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture - high. Isolated infestations in several areas. Class 2 C H-M

Kudzu

(Pueraria montana var. lobata syn. P. lobata, P. triloba)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture – high. Isolated infestations. Class 2 C H-M

Mother of Millions

(Bryophyllum delagoense Syn. B. Tubiflorum, Kalanchoe delagoensis)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture - high. Widespread throughout Gympie

Region but in low densities. Class 2 C H-M



Parramatta Grass – see Rat’s Tail Grasses

Salvinia

(Salvinia molesta)


Scattered infestations in Mary River and local private water storages.

Class 2 C H-M

Sicklepod

(Senna obtusifolia)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture - high. Isolated infestations, limited in extent. Class 2 C H-M

Water Hyacinth

(Eichhornia crassipes)



Class 2 C H-M

Water Lettuce

(Pistia stratiotes)


A single infestation identified in a private water storage in the Veteran area of GRC. The infestation was treated and the area is being monitored for any re-emergence.

Class 2 B H-M



Case Study: Gympie Regional Council’s Salvinia Weevil Breeding Program

The Salvinia Weevil (Crytobabus Salviniae) has been shown to be the most cost efficient and effective mechanism for control of Salvinia. The weevil is most active during warmer months. Cooler weather and dense riparian shading can limit the effectiveness of this biological control mechanism, but maintaining a supply of the weevil to release when conditions are more favourable has been demonstrated to be a useful strategy for maintaining pressure on this aquatic weed. Gympie Regional Council maintains a Salvinia Weevil breeding facility to treat waterways under council control. The weevils are also supplied to landowners for Salvinia control. As good as the weevil is for assisting land holders to maintain control of Salvinia, there is often the requirement for other forms of control, which may include mechanical removal and chemical application. It is usually the combination of control measures which achieve best results.

Salvinia Weevil breeding facility Photo: Gympie Regional Council



Management Priorities for Pest Animals in the Gympie Region

Common and Scientific Name Threat (potential and actual) Distribution and density Declaration Status Achievability Priority

Feral Chital Deer (axis deer)

(Axis axis)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture – medium. • Potential impacts on animal health – high.

Populations reported at Imbil and Wide Bay. Class 2 C H-H

Feral Rusa Deer

(Cervus timorensis)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture – medium. • Potential impacts on animal health – high.

Widespread but in local populations. Class 2 C H-H

Wild Dogs (other than domestic dog)

(Canis familiaris Dingo, Canis familiaris)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – medium. • Potential impacts on agriculture –high.

Widespread throughout the Gympie Region.

Class 2 C H-H

Feral Pig

(Sus scrofa)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture – high.

Widespread but in low numbers. Class 2 C H-H

European Fox

(Vulpes vulpes) • Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture – medium.

Widespread but in low numbers. Populations exist within the town areas.

Class 2 C H-M

European Rabbit (domestic and wild breeds)

(Oryctolagus cuniculus)

• Potential impacts on conservation values – high. • Potential impacts on agriculture – medium.

Widespread but in low numbers. Class 2 C H-M

Feral Cat (Other than a domestic cat)

(Felis catus)


Widespread but in low numbers. Populations exist within the town area.

Class 2 C H-M

Feral Goat (Other than a domestic goat)

(Capra hircus)


Found in western parts of Gympie Region in low numbers.

Class 2 C H-M



7. High Priority Weed and Pest Animal Programs For those weeds or pest animals identified as a high priority in section 6 of this plan, species-specific programs are set out. Each program:

• identifies the common and scientific names of the high priority weed or pest animal. • provides a description of the problem (i.e. the pest’s biological characteristics and potential and actual threat). • describes the local distribution of the pest • identifies the priority given to its management in Australia, Queensland, the Region and adjacent local areas (including local or state status). • identifies objectives (e.g. prevention, eradication, containment). • identifies operational actions (and, in relation to each action, identifies key stakeholder groups responsible for implementing those actions and when actions will be carried

out). • identifies measures of success using success indicators to assess the effectiveness of operational actions against the operational objectives.



7.1 High Priority Weeds

7.1.1 Bitou Bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata)

Description of the Problem

Bitou Bush is a Weed of National Significance. The species is a native of coastal and near-coastal areas in southern Africa. In Australia it has invaded large tracts of coastal New South Wales and southern Queensland. Bitou Bush has the ability to invade natural areas, impact negatively on biodiversity, and spread rapidly. It poses a serious threat to the ecological integrity of coastal areas in and adjoining the Gympie Region.

Biosecurity Queensland leads the nationally coordinated biological control program for Bitou Bush in Queensland.


Local Distribution

Infestations in sand dunes at Rainbow Beach; Fraser Island; and Double Island Point.

Management Priority

Bitou bush is a Class 1 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Bitou Bush.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Bitou Bush as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To eradicate existing infestations of Bitou Bush in identified areas within the Gympie Region and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes:

1. Reduction in the number and density of known Bitou Bush infestations in the Region by 2014.

2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Bitou Bush.

Success Indicators • Reduction in area infested with Bitou Bush. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected. • Eventual eradication.



7.1.1 Bitou Bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata)

Operational Actions By Whom (lead agency in bold) When Status

Integration • Integrate surveillance for Bitou Bush with broader surveillance programs.

BQ, GRC, QPWS, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Bitou Bush. Awareness programs will

target areas at most risk and will promote best practice management.

BQ, GRC, NMRG, Landcare groups

Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Bitou Bush without a permit. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Bitou Bush in the Region. BQ, GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to eradicate Bitou Bush.

BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

Consultation and Partnership • Participate in coordinated management programs with a regional focus.

BQ, GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of infestations.

BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Bitou Bush – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2). BQ, GRC, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Bitou Bush. BQ, GRC, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing

• Through the annual action plan process, secure adequate resources to carry out the operational activities in this plan. BQ, GRC, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing

• Ensure the eradication program for Bitou Bush is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Bitou Bush into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Eradicate small isolated infestations as soon as they are detected. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Best Practice • Collate and distribute best practice information to landowners.

BQ, GRC, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Improvement • Monitor the effectiveness of eradication programs.

BQ, GRC, QPWS

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Bitou Bush. BQ Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.2 Cabomba or Fanwort (Cabomba furcata, C. caroliniana, C. caroliniana var. caroliniana)

Description of the Problem Cabomba or Fanwort is a Weed of National Significance. It is a native of tropical parts of the Americas. Cabomba is a popular aquarium plant but, if released into waterways, its rapid growth allows it to dominate native vegetation and to rapidly choke creeks, lakes and dams. Its fast growth and rapid spread are a threat to agriculture, water resource management and water-based recreation.

Three main types of Cabomba have been grown commercially in Queensland- Pink Cabomba (C. furcata) (Class 1 pest); Green Cabomba (C. caroliniana var. caroliniana) (Class 2 pest); and Common Cabomba (C. caroliniana) (Class 2 pest).

Cabomba occurs in north Queensland and at water storages and waterways in the Sunshine Coast Region, close to the Gympie Region boundary. It has demonstrated an ability to grow in both warm and cool waters in Australia.

© Gympie Regional Council

Local Distribution

Class 1 - Currently not known in the area but a highly vigilant approach when surveys are conducted is maintained.

Class 2 – Currently not known in the area but infestations are known in Six Mile Creek area near Gympie Region boundary.

Management Priority

Cabomba is a Class 1 weed (C. furcata) or Class 2 weed (C. caroliniana) under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Cabomba.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Cabomba as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To eradicate any identified infestations of Cabomba and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Identification of any Cabomba infestations in the Gympie Region. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Cabomba.

Success Indicators • Eradication of any detected Cabomba infestations. • Prevention of new infestations of Cabomba.



7.1.2 Cabomba or Fanwort (Cabomba furcata, C. caroliniana, C. caroliniana var. caroliniana)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Cabomba with broader surveillance programs.

BQ, GRC, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Cabomba. Awareness programs

will target areas at most risk and will promote best practice management..


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Cabomba without a permit. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Cabomba in the Region. BQ, GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to eradicate Cabomba.

BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing



Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Cabomba – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2). BQ, GRC, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Cabomba. BQ, GRC, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the eradication program for Cabomba is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Cabomba into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



BQ, GRC, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Cabomba. BQ Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.3 Honey Locust (Gleditsia spp. including cultivars and varieties)

Description of the Problem The Honey Locust is a Weed of National Significance. It is a native of eastern and central North America. It was originally introduced into Australia for its value as a source of stock fodder. The Honey Locust has spread through deliberate plantings and through its floating seed pods, which has allowed the plant to establish in many parts of eastern Australia.

Honey Locust trees are armed with long and very tough spines, forming a formidable barrier to animals and humans as the trees become larger and more densely populated along watercourses.

Biosecurity Queensland is the lead agency for control of Honey Locust in Queensland.


Local Distribution Known infestations at Gap Road to Kenilworth near Region boundary; Glastonbury Creek Bridge to old Greendale Road area; and Boonara Creek – Ettrickdale Road; Mooloo area.

Management Priority Honey locust is a Class 1 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Honey Locust.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Honey Locust as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives

To eradicate existing infestations of Honey Locust in the identified areas and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Honey Locust infestations in

the Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Honey Locust.

Success Indicators • Reduction in area infested with Honey Locust. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.3 Honey Locust (Gleditsia spp. including cultivars and varieties)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Honey Locust with broader surveillance programs.

BQ, GRC, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Honey Locust. Awareness programs

will target areas at most risk and will promote best practice management.


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Honey Locust without a permit. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Honey Locust in the Region. BQ, GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to eradicate Honey Locust.

BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ,GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Honey Locust – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas identified. (Refer Appendix 2).

BQ, GRC, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Honey Locust. BQ, GRC, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the eradication program for Honey Locust is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Honey Locust into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



BQ, GRC, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Honey Locust. BQ Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.4 Hudson Pear (Cylindropuntia rosea and other cholla cactus spp.)


Hudson Pear is a cactus native to Mexico. This pest plant has established an extensive wild population around Lightning Ridge in New South Wales but is currently rare in Queensland. If not controlled, Hudson Pear can destroy grazing land and prevent most forms of outdoor recreation, including bushwalking and camping. It has reverse-barbed spines which can kill wildlife. One human fatality has been recorded. It is potentially the worst of the cactus pest plants. If vigilance is maintained there is an opportunity to prevent the spread of Hudson Pear in Queensland.

Biosecurity Queensland is the lead agency for control of Hudson Pear in Queensland.


Local Distribution

Reported in the Gympie Region but not positively identified.

Management Priority

Hudson Pear is a Class 1 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Hudson Pear.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Hudson Pear as a high priority weed.


To eradicate any infestations of Hudson Pear which may be identified and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. confirm presence of Hudson Pear and, if detected: 2. reduction in the number and density of known Hudson Pear infestations in the Region

by 2014. 3. prevention or detection of new infestations of Hudson Pear.

Success Indicators

• Reduction in area infested with Hudson Pear. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected. • Eradication of Hudson Pear in the longer-term.



7.1.4 Hudson Pear (Cylindropuntia rosea and other cholla cactus spp.)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Hudson Pear with broader surveillance programs.

BQ, GRC, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Hudson Pear. Awareness programs



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Hudson Pear without a permit. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Hudson Pear in the Region. BQ, GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to eradicate Hudson Pear.

BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing



Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of infestations (if any)

BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Hudson Pear – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2). BQ, GRC, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Hudson Pear. BQ, GRC, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the eradication program for Hudson Pear is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Hudson Pear into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



BQ, GRC, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Hudson Pear. BQ Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.5 Hygrophila (Hygrophila costata) (Glush Weed)

Description of the Problem Hygrophila (Glush Weed) is an invasive, noxious aquatic weed. It is native to India.

Hygrophila has the potential to become a serious weed of fresh water systems in eastern Australia. The weed prefers flowing water, but can also colonise still water lakes and dams. It is fast growing and fast spreading, rapidly shading out other aquatic plants. Hygrophila was introduced by the release of aquarium plants.

Biosecurity Queensland is the lead agency for control of Hygrophila in Queensland. © DEEDI, Biosecurity Queensland

Local Distribution Infestation at Six Mile Creek, near the Gympie Region boundary, isolated infestations have been treated in the Gympie Region.

Management Priority Hygrophila is a Class 1 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Hygrophila.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Hygrophila as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To eradicate existing infestations of Hygrophila which may be identified and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Detection and eradication of any Hygrophila infestations in the Region by

2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Hygrophila.

Success Indicators

• Reduction in area infested with Hygrophila. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected. • Eradication of hygrophilia.



7.1.5 Hygrophila (Hygrophila costata) (glush weed)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Hygrophila with broader surveillance programs.

BQ, GRC, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Hygrophila. Awareness programs will



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Hygrophila without a permit. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Hygrophila in the Region. BQ, GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to eradicate Hygrophila.

BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing



Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Hygrophila – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas (Refer Appendix 2). BQ, GRC, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Hygrophila. BQ, GRC, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the eradication program for Hygrophila is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Hygrophila into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



BQ, GRC, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Hygrophila. BQ Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.6 Mexican Feather Grass (Nassella tenuissima)


Mexican Feather Grass is a Weed of National Significance. It is a native of the Americas. Mexican Feather Grass is a highly adaptable weedy grass which has the potential to invade grasslands over much of Australia. It is capable of surviving in extremely variable climate and soil types and is drought tolerant. Once established, it is extremely difficult to eradicate or control.

Mexican Feather Grass is not palatable to stock and has the capacity to severely impact the grazing industry.

Biosecurity Queensland is the lead agency for control of Mexican Feather Grass in Queensland.


Local Distribution

Known infestations at Kybong and Pie Creek.

Management Priority

Mexican Feather Grass is a Class 1 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Mexican Feather Grass.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Mexican Feather Grass as a high priority weed.


To eradicate existing infestations of Mexican feather grass in the identified areas and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Mexican Feather Grass

infestations in the Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Mexican Feather Grass.

Success Indicators

• Reduction in area infested with Mexican Feather Grass. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.6 Mexican Feather Grass (Nassella tenuissima)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Mexican Feather Grass with broader surveillance programs.

BQ, GRC, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Mexican Feather Grass. Awareness

programs will target areas at most risk and will promote best practice management.


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Mexican Feather Grass without a permit. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Mexican Feather Grass in the Region. BQ, GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to eradicate Mexican Feather Grass.

BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing



Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Mexican Feather Grass – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2).

BQ, GRC, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan for new incursions of Mexican Feather Grass. BQ, GRC, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the eradication program for Mexican Feather Grass is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Mexican Feather Grass into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



BQ, GRC, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on management of Mexican Feather Grass. BQ Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.7 Prickly Pear (Opuntia spp. other than O. ficus-indica) (O. stricta, O. aurantiaca, O. monacantha, O. tomentosa and O. streptacantha are Class 2 pests in Queensland)


Prickly Pear is one of the most invasive pest plants ever imported into Australia. The Prickly Pear species are native to the Americas. The plants were introduced into pastoral districts in the 1840s and by 1925 had invaded more than 24 million hectares in Queensland and New South Wales.

Prickly Pear can be largely controlled using biological methods. Nine established insects and one mite biological control agents are established in Queensland. Fire is an effective control method for dense Prickly Pear infestations. Chemical sprays are also effective.

Biosecurity Queensland is the lead agency for control of Prickly Pear in Queensland. Photo P. Jesser

Local Distribution Infestations around Borumba Dam and hinterland.

Management Priority Prickly Pear is a Class 1 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Prickly Pear.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Prickly Pear as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To eradicate existing infestations of Prickly Pear which may be identified and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes:

1. Confirm presence of Prickly Pear and, if detected: 2. Reduction in the number and density of known prickly infestations in the

Region by 2014. 3. prevention or detection of new infestations of Prickly Pear.

Success Indicators

• Reduction in area infested with Prickly Pear. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.7 Prickly Pear (Opuntia spp. other than O. ficus-indica) (O. stricta, O. aurantiaca, O. monacantha, O. tomentosa and O. streptacantha are Class 2 pests in Queensland)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Prickly Pear with broader surveillance programs.

BQ, GRC, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Prickly Pear. Awareness programs will



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Prickly Pear without a permit. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Prickly Pear in the Region. BQ, GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to eradicate Prickly Pear.

BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing



Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Prickly Pear – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2). BQ, GRC, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Prickly Pear. BQ, GRC, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the eradication program for Prickly Pear is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Prickly Pear into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing


Best practice • Collate and distribute best practice information to landowners.

BQ, GRC, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


BQ, GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Prickly Pear. BQ Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.8 Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus)


Parthenium is a Weed of National Significance. It is an annual herb with a deep taproot and an erect stem that becomes woody with age. It is a native to North and South America.

Parthenium invades pastures, disturbed bare areas along roadsides, heavily stocked areas around yards and watering points, reduces beef production and costs cropping industries millions of dollars per year. The pollen of Parthenium contains potent allergens that can cause reactions such as dermatitis and hay fever.


Local Distribution

Infestations at Wide Bay Creek, Nangur Creek, Barambah Creek, Calico Creek, Lower Mary River, Borumba Dam.

Management Priority

Parthenium is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Parthenium.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Parthenium as a high priority weed.


To assist land holders to control existing infestations of Parthenium in the identified areas and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Parthenium infestations in the Region

by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Parthenium.

Success Indicators

• Reduction in area infested with Parthenium. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.8 Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Parthenium with broader surveillance programs

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Parthenium. Awareness programs will

target areas at most risk and will promote best practice management

GRC, BQ, NMRG, Landcare groups

Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Parthenium without a permit GRC, BQ Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Parthenium in the Region GRC, BQ As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Parthenium

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

Consultation and Partnership • Participate in coordinated management programs with a regional focus

GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of infestations

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Parthenium – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2). GRC, BQ, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Parthenium GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing

• Through the annual action plan process, secure adequate resources to carry out the operational activities in this plan GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing

• Ensure the control program for Parthenium is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Parthenium into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act)

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Assist land holders to control all infestations GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing

Best Practice • Collate and distribute best practice information to landowners

GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Improvement • Monitor the effectiveness of control programs

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Parthenium BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.9 Rubber Vine (Crytostegia grandiflora)

Description of the Problem Rubber Vine is a Weed of National Significance. It is a dark green, vigorous, perennial climber with white to light purple flowers. Rubber Vine was introduced to Australia from Madagascar in the late nineteenth century. Infestations are found from the southern part of Cape York down to the Burnett River.

Rubber Vine invades waterways and riparian vegetation, forming dense thickets. It may also spread to surrounding pasture areas. Rubber Vine decreases biodiversity and impedes stock and native animal movement, imposing substantial economic and environmental costs.


Local Distribution Booubyjan area, western portion of Gympie Region.

Management Priority Rubber Vine is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Rubber Vine.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Rubber Vine as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To assist land holders to control existing infestations of Rubber Vine and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Rubber Vine infestations in the

Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Rubber Vine.

Success Indicators • Reduction in area infested with Rubber Vine. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.9 Rubber Vine (Crytostegia grandiflora)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Rubber Vine with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Rubber Vine. Awareness programs will



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Rubber Vine without a permit. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Rubber Vine in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Rubber Vine.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Rubber Vine – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2). GRC, BQ, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Rubber Vine. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing

• Through the annual action plan process, secure adequate resources to carry out the operational activities in this plan. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing

• Ensure the control program for Rubber Vine is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Rubber Vine into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Assist land holders to control all infestations. GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing

Improvement • Monitor the effectiveness of control programs.

GRC, BQ Ongoing Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Rubber Vine. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.10 Rat’s Tail Grasses (declared Sporobolus spp.)


Rat’s Tail Grasses (which includes American Rat’s Tail Grass (Sporobolus jacquemontii)), Giant Parramatta Grass (Sporobolus fertilis), Giant Rat’s Tail Grass (Sporobolus pyramidalis and S. natalensis) and Parramatta Grass (Sporobolus natalensis)) is a weedy, aggressive grass that can reduce pasture productivity and cause significant degradation of natural areas. These grasses are native to Africa.

These declared Sporobolus species quickly dominate pastures, particularly after overgrazing or soil disturbance; cause losses in carrying capacity and decrease production; and loosen the teeth of cattle and horses while grazing.


Local Distribution

Infestations throughout the Gympie Region.

Management Priority

Rat’s Tail Grasses are Class 2 weeds under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Rat’s Tail Grasses.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Rat’s Tail Grasses as high priority weeds.


To assist land holders control existing infestations of Rat’s Tail Grass and prevent any new infestations from occurring.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Rat’s Tail Grass infestations in the

Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Rat’s Tail Grass.

Success Indicators

• Reduction in area infested with Rat’s Tail Grass. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.10 Rat’s Tail Grasses (declared Sporobolus spp.)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Rat’s Tail Grasses with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Rat’s Tail Grasses. Awareness



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Rat’s Tail Grasses without a permit. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Rat’s Tail Grasses in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Rat’s Tail Grasses.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Rat’s Tail Grasses – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2).

GRC, BQ, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Rat’s Tail Grasses. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for Rat’s Tail Grasses is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Rat’s Tail Grasses into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Assist land holders to reduce strategic infestations and control other existing infestations. GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Rat’s Tail Grasses. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.11 African Boxthorn (Lycium ferocissimum)


African Boxthorn is a noxious introduced weed, native to South Africa. African Boxthorn has become widely established since introduction into Australia. It was originally promoted and grown as a hedge plant. It is hardy, fast-growing, and covered in sharp thorns.

Birds are very efficient at spreading the seeds of African Boxthorn over large areas. Most seeds are dropped underneath trees by birds. The resultant seedling growth eventually becomes dense enough to take over the entire shaded area, denying shelter to livestock. These thick patches provide a harbour for feral pest animals including rabbits, Foxes and pigs.


Local Distribution

Infestation at Tansey Sports Reserve and other areas in the western portion of the Region.

Management Priority

African Boxthorn is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of African boxthorn.

Gympie Regional Council has identified African Boxthorn as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To assist land holders to control existing infestations of African Boxthorn in the identified area and prevent any new infestations occurring.

To map the infestation with a view to achieving long-term reduced distribution.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known African Boxthorn infestations

in the Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of African Boxthorn.

Success Indicators • Reduction in area infested with African Boxthorn. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected. • Long-term reduced distribution of African Boxthorn.



7.1.11 African Boxthorn (Lycium ferocissimum)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for African Boxthorn with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage African Boxthorn. Awareness



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply African Boxthorn without a permit. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of African Boxthorn in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control African Boxthorn.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by African Boxthorn – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2).


• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of African Boxthorn. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for African boxthorn is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of African boxthorn into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Assist land holders with controlling small isolated infestations as soon as they are detected. GRC Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of African Boxthorn. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.12 Annual Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia)

Description of the Problem Annual Ragweed (also called ambrosia, horseweed and asthma plant) was introduced into Australia from North America. It is an invasive weed which can become particularly dense in pastures which are overgrazed. Its pollen contains highly potent allergens that can aggravate asthma and cause respiratory allergies such as hay fever.

The seeds of Annual Ragweed can spread by floodwater, be introduced with stock, or be introduced as a contaminant in fodder or topsoil from infested areas.


Local Distribution

Along Mary River and at other sites throughout the Gympie Region.

Management Priority

Annual ragweed is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Annual Ragweed.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Annual Ragweed as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To assist land holders to control existing infestations of Annual Ragweed in the identified areas and prevent any new infestations from occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Annual Ragweed infestations

in the Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Annual Ragweed.

Success Indicators • Reduction in area infested with Annual Ragweed. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.12 Annual Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Annual Ragweed with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Annual Ragweed. Awareness



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Annual Ragweed without a permit. GRC, BQ Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Annual Ragweed in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Annual Ragweed.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Annual Ragweed – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2).


• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Annual Ragweed. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for Annual Ragweed is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Annual Ragweed into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Undertake control on Council controlled lands. GRC Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Annual Ragweed. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.13 Bellyache Bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia and hybrids)

Description of the Problem Bellyache Bush is native to tropical America. It is a squat, thick-stemmed shrub, up to 4 metres tall. Young leaves are three-lobed, purple in colour and sticky. Older leaves have five lobes and are green. The plant has small red flowers with yellow centres. Seed pods are cherry-sized.

Bellyache Bush is an escaped garden plant which is now common along creek banks and roads in many areas of Queensland. Bellyache Bush out-competes native vegetation and reduces pasture growth. It is capable of taking over entire sections of creek bank and creating difficulties with stock management. The fruit of Bellyache Bush is poisonous to animals and humans.


Local Distribution Previous infestations treated; no known current infestations.

Management Priority Bellyache Bush is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Bellyache Bush .

Gympie Regional Council has identified Bellyache Bush as a high priority weed.


To detect and assist land holders to control any infestations of Bellyache Bush and prevent any new infestations from occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Bellyache Bush.

Success Indicators • Assist land holders to eradication of any new infestations of Bellyache Bush.



7.1.13 Bellyache Bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia and hybrids)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Bellyache Bush with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Bellyache Bush . Awareness programs



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Bellyache Bush without a permit. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Bellyache Bush in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Bellyache Bush .

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of any identified infestations.

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Bellyache Bush – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2).


• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Bellyache Bush . GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for Bellyache Bush is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Bellyache Bush into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Bellyache Bush . BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.14 Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis)


Fireweed is a yellow flowering herbaceous weed, originally from Madagascar. Fireweed has spread throughout northeast New South Wales and southeast Queensland (as well as elsewhere in Australia) due to poor land management.

Fireweed is a health risk to stock and native animals and can invade poorly managed lands easily with its profuse production of wind born seed.


Local Distribution Main infestations on rail corridor and properties adjoining the railway.

Infestations also at Traveston, Gympie Brooloo Road, Skyring Creek Road, Daniel Drive.

Management Priority Fireweed is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Fireweed.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Fireweed as a high priority weed.


To assist land holders to control existing infestations of Fireweed in distribution areas and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Fireweed infestations in the

Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Fireweed.

Success Indicators • Reduction in area infested with Fireweed • Reduction in number of new infestations detected



7.1.14 Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Fireweed with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Fireweed. Awareness programs will



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Fireweed without a permit. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Fireweed in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Fireweed.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Consultation and partnership • Participate in coordinated management programs with a regional focus.

GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Fireweed – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2). GRC, BQ, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Fireweed. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for Fireweed is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Fireweed into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Fireweed. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.15 Groundsel Bush (Baccharis halimifolia)

Description of the Problem Groundsel Bush is a native of the east coast of North America and the West Indies. It is both an environmental and a forestry weed because it readily invades open to densely vegetated forests and bushland. Thousands of hectares of pine plantations in New South Wales and Queensland are heavily infested. Thick stands of Groundsel Bush can inhibit the movement of stock and reduce the productivity and carrying capacity of agricultural land. At the moment, Groundsel Bush has not spread to its potential range, but threatens to do so.

Groundsel Bush is reputed to be poisonous to livestock although it seldom causes a problem because they rarely eat large quantities. However, livestock will lose condition rapidly if forced to graze it.


Local Distribution

Infestations throughout the Gympie Region in varying densities.

Management Priority

Groundsel Bush is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Groundsel Bush.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Groundsel Bush as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To assist land holders to control existing infestations of Groundsel Bush in distribution areas and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Groundsel Bush infestations

in the Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Groundsel Bush.

Success Indicators • Reduction in area infested with Groundsel Bush. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.15 Groundsel Bush (Baccharis halimifolia)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Groundsel Bush with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Groundsel Bush. Awareness



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Groundsel Bush without a permit. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Groundsel Bush in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Groundsel Bush.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Groundsel Bush – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2).


• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Groundsel Bush. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for Groundsel Bush is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Groundsel Bush into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Groundsel Bush.



7.1.16 Hymenachne (Hymenachne amplexicaulis)

Description of the Problem Hymenachne is a Weed of National Significance It was originally introduced to Australia from South America to provide ponded pasture for cattle. It has become an unwanted pest of stream banks, shallow wetlands and irrigation ditches, primarily in the coastal wet tropics of northern Queensland.

Hymenachne infestations can affect drains, lagoons, wetlands, creeks and rivers, as well as interfere with irrigation, infrastructure and wildlife habitats. Hymenachne also degrades water quality for recreational purposes.


Local Distribution Isolated infestations in several waterways within the Gympie Region.

Management Priority Hymenachne is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Hymenachne.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Hymenachne as a high priority weed.


To assist land holders to control existing infestations of Hymenachne in distribution areas and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Hymenachne infestations in

the Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Hymenachne.

Success Indicators • Reduction in area infested with Hymenachne. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.16 Hymenachne (Hymenachne amplexicaulis)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Hymenachne with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Hymenachne. Awareness



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Hymenachne without a permit. GRC, BQ Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Hymenachne in the Region GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Hymenachne

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Hymenachne – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2).


• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Hymenachne. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for Hymenachne is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Hymenachne into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Hymenachne. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.17 Kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata syn. P. lobata, P. triloba)


Kudzu is a native of Asia. It is found in north Queensland and, more recently, at locations in southeast Queensland. Kudzu is a perennial vine that can climb up to 30 m. It grows rapidly at up to 30 cm a day in summer. Flowers are about 1-1.5 cm in length, purple-pink and fragrant.

Kudzu outcompetes and smothers native vegetation and tree crops. With its aggressive growth and climbing nature, Kudzu can damage buildings, overhead wires and other structures.


Local Distribution

Isolated infestations identified within the Gympie Region.

Management Priority

Kudzu is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Kudzu.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Kudzu as a high priority weed.


To assist land holders to control existing infestations of Kudzu and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Kudzu infestations in the Region by

2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Kudzu.

Success Indicators

• Reduction in area infested with Kudzu. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.17 Kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata syn. P. lobata, P. triloba)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Kudzu with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Kudzu. Awareness programs will



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Kudzu without a permit. GRC, BQ Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Kudzu in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Kudzu.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Kudzu – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2). GRC, BQ, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Kudzu. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for Kudzu is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Kudzu into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All Ongoing Ongoing




Improvement • Monitor the effectiveness of control programs..


• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Kudzu. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.18 Mother-of-Millions (Bryophyllum delagoense syn. B. tubiflorum, Kalanchoe delagoensis)


Mother-of-Millions is an escaped ornamental plant originally from Madagascar. Five species are naturalised in Queensland. The plant is well adapted to dry areas because of its succulent features. Mother-of-<illions reproduces from masses of plantlets which form on the leaf edges. This makes the weed hard to eradicate. Follow-up controls are necessary.

Mother-of-Millions is highly toxic (particularly the flowers) and a cause of many cattle deaths in areas where it occurs.


Local Distribution Widespread throughout Gympie Region but in low densities.

Management Priority Mother-of-millions is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Mother-of-Millions.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Mother-of-Millions as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To assist landowners to control existing infestations of Mother-of-Millions and prevent any new infestations from occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Mother-of-Millions

infestations in the Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Mother-of-Millions.

Success Indicators • Reduction in area infested with Mother-of-Millions. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.18 Mother-of-Millions (Bryophyllum delagoense syn. B. tubiflorum, Kalanchoe delagoensis)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Mother-of-Millions with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Mother-of-Millions. Awareness



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Mother-of-Millions without a permit.


• Alert the public to any new incursions of Mother-of-Millions in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Mother-of-Millions.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Mother-of-Millions – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2).


• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Mother-of-Millions. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for Mother-of-Millions is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Mother-of-Millions into un-infested properties by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Contain large infestations and eliminate strategic infestations. GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Mother-of-Millions. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.19 Salvinia (Salvinia molesta)

Description of the Problem Salvinia is a Weed of National Significance. The species occurring in Queensland is a native of Brazil. Salvinia is a floating fern which forms thick mats that can completely cover water storage areas in a short time. It endangers children and livestock who can become entangled in heavy infestations, and creates a haven for mosquitoes. Salvinia can prevent access by stock to drinking water, and reduce water flow to irrigation equipment. It collects debris during flooding, causing bridges and fences to collapse. Salvinia causes a fourfold increase in water loss through evaporation, degrades water quality, and destroys wildlife habitats. It interferes with recreational activities such as boating, fishing and swimming, and spoils the natural beauty of open water, such as dams and lakes.

Salvinia has been spread mainly by people emptying aquariums and ponds into waterways.


Local Distribution


Management Priority

Salvinia is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Salvinia.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Salvinia as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To control existing infestations of Salvinia in the identified areas and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Salvinia infestations in the

Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Salvinia.

Success Indicators • Reduction in area infested with Salvinia. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.19 Salvinia (Salvinia molesta)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Salvinia with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Salvinia. Awareness programs will



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Salvinia without a permit. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Salvinia in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Salvinia.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Salvinia – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2). GRC, BQ, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Salvinia. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for Salvinia is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Salvinia into un-infested areas by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Eliminate strategic infestations, and control and continually suppress existing infestations. GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing

• Distribute Salvinia weevil for biological control. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Best practice • Collate and distribute best practice information to landowners.

GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Maintain Salvinia weevil breeding facility for supply of biological control agent. GRC, SCRC, FCRC Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Salvinia. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.20 Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia, and sennas S. hirsuta and S. tora)

Description of the Problem Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) and similar Sennas (S. hirsuta and S. tora) are native to America. Sicklepod is a vigorous, woody, competitive shrub which grow up to 2.5 m high by 1 m wide. Leaves occur in three opposite pairs, 4 cm long and 2 cm wide. Flowers are yellow and about 1 cm in diameter. Sicklepod and Sennas have become weedy in many areas around the world.

Sicklepod prefers well drained, fertile soils and cleared coastal forest country. It invades pastures, roadsides, fence lines, creek banks and waste areas It is spread mainly by livestock. Cattle and horses will eat mature seed, which can pass through the animal and germinate in the dung.


Local Distribution Isolated infestations, limited in extent.

Management Priority Sicklepod is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Sicklepod.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Sicklepod as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To control existing infestations of Sicklepod in distribution areas and prevent any new infestations occurring.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Sicklepod infestations in the

Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Sicklepod.

Success Indicators

• Reduction in area infested with Sicklepod. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.20 Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia, and sennas S. hirsuta and S. tora)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Sicklepod with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Sicklepod. Awareness programs



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Sicklepod without a permit. GRC, BQ Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Sicklepod in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Sicklepod.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Sicklepod – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2). GRC, BQ, QPWS Ongoing Ongoing

• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Sicklepod. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control programs for Sicklepod is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Sicklepod into un-infested areas by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Improvement. • Monitor the effectiveness of control programs.

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Sicklepod. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.21 Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)


Water Hyacinth is a native of Brazil. It was introduced into Australia in the early 1900s as an aquatic ornamental plant. Valued for its floral presentation, it was released into ponds and lagoons in public parks throughout Queensland. It has since become a major pest of creeks, rivers and dams.

Water Hyacinth destroys native habitats, depletes water bodies of oxygen, increases water loss, and provides breeding ground for mosquitoes.


Local Distribution


Management Priority

Water hyacinth is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Water Hyacinth.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Water Hyacinth as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To assist landowners to control infestations of Water Hyacinth and prevent any new infestations from occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Water Hyacinth infestations in

the Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Water Hyacinth.

Success Indicators • Reduction in area infested with Water Hyacinth. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.21 Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Water Hyacinth with broader surveillance programs.

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Water Hyacinth. Awareness



Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Water Hyacinth without a permit. GRC, BQ Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Water Hyacinth in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Water Hyacinth.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Water Hyacinth – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2).


• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Water Hyacinth. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for Water Hyacinth is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Water Hyacinth into un-infested areas by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Water Hyacinth. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.1.22 Water Lettuce (Pistia stratiotes)


Water lettuce is a free-floating aquatic weed introduced from Asia as an aquarium plant. In the wild it rapidly forms dense mats covering rivers, dams and other water storages. Water lettuce infestations can restrict water flow, increase water loss by transpiration and provide a breeding ground for mosquitoes.

Water lettuce spreads both by vegetative reproduction and by seeds.


Local Distribution One infestation identified in the Veteran area of GRC. The infestation has been treated and the area is monitored to ensure there are no further infestations.

Management Priority Water lettuce is a Class 2 weed under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of water lettuce.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Water Lettuce as a high priority weed.

Operational Objectives To assist landowners to control infestations of water lettuce and prevent any new infestations from occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. Reduction in the number and density of known Water Lettuce infestations in

the Region by 2014. 2. Prevention or detection of new infestations of Water Lettuce.

Success Indicators • No re-emergence of the identified and treated infestation of Water

Lettuce. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.1.22 Water Lettuce (Pistia stratiotes)


Integration • Integrate surveillance for Water Lettuce with broader surveillance programs

GRC, BQ, NMRG

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Provide advice and education to affected landowners and other interested parties to help identify and manage Water Lettuce. Awareness

programs will target areas at most risk and will promote best practice management


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Water Lettuce without a permit. GRC, BQ Ongoing Ongoing

• Alert the public to any new incursions of Water Lettuce in the Region. GRC As necessary Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control Water Lettuce.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, all landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Survey areas most at risk of invasion by Water Lettuce – especially in and adjacent to environmentally significant areas. (Refer Appendix 2).


• Prepare a contingency plan to respond to new incursions of Water Lettuce. GRC, BQ, NRMG Ongoing Ongoing


• Ensure the control program for Water Lettuce is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Prevent the spread of Water Lettuce into un-infested areas by implementing hygiene and prevention practices (s.46 of the Act).

All

Ongoing

Ongoing



GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Water Lettuce. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.2 High Priority Pest Animals

7.2.1 Feral Chital Deer (Axis axis) (also known as axis deer and Indian spotted deer)


Chital Deer are native to southern India and Sri Lanka. Chital were released on Maryvale Station near Charters Towers in 1886. Although a substantial population developed, until recently the Chital remained confined to the area around the release site. More recently, populations of Feral Chital Deer have appeared in other parts of the state, including southeast Queensland. These deer may have escaped from deer farms or they may have been deliberately translocated.

Chital Deer have been reported from Imbil and Wide Bay. Because it is well suited to southeast Queensland environments, chital have significant potential to spread further within the Gympie Region and adjoining local government areas. Chital have the potential to become a serious environmental and agricultural pest.

Photo S. Jesser

Local Distribution Reported at Imbil and Wide Bay.

Management Priority Feral chital deer are a declared Class 2 pest under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of feral chital.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Feral Chital Deer as a high priority pest animal.


To assist landowners to control existing populations of Feral Chital Deer in the identified areas and prevent any new introductions occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. No increase in the number and density of known Feral Chital Deer

populations in the Region over the life of the plan. 2. Prevention of new introductions of Feral Chital Deer .

Success Indicators • No increase in numbers of Feral Chital Deer . • No new introductions of Feral Chital Deer .



7.2.1 Feral Chital Deer (Axis axis) (also known as axis deer and Indian spotted deer) Operational Actions By Whom (lead agency in bold) When Status

Integration • Incorporate Feral Chital Deer management into other related planning and management programs.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Raise public awareness of the impact of Feral Chital Deer , and the techniques and strategies for their management.


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Feral Chital Deer without a permit.


Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to contribute to control Feral Chital Deer .

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Consultation and Partnership • Maintain working partnerships between key stakeholders, including landowners and conservation groups to generate a holistic

approach to Feral Chital Deer management and a sense of community ownership of the problem.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of Feral Chital Deer infestations.

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing


• Ensure the Feral Chital Deer program is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Assist land holders to eradicate isolated populations where possible.

GRC, landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Implement control (e.g. through trapping or controlled harvest). GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Undertake integrated management to reduce Feral Chital Deer numbers, particularly where they have or could have an impact on primary industries or environmental values.

GRC, QPWS, Queensland Health, other state agencies, NMRG, Landcare groups, all landowners

Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Feral Chital Deer . BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.2.2 Feral Rusa Deer (Cervus timorensis)

Description of the Problem Rusa deer are also known as Timor deer, Sunda Sambar, Javan Rusa and Moluccan Rusa. Rusa are native to southeast Asia. In Queensland, Rusa were released onto islands in the Torres Strait in 1912. Until recently they remained confined to the Torres Strait Islands. More recently, populations of Feral Rusa deer have appeared in other parts of the state, including southeast Queensland. These deer may have escaped from deer farms or they may have been deliberately translocated.

Rusa Deer have been confirmed in the Mary River valley. Because it is well suited to southeast Queensland environments, Rusa Deer have significant potential to spread further within the Gympie Region and adjoining local government areas. Rusa have the potential to become a serious environmental and agricultural pest.

Photo P. Jesser

Local Distribution

Rusa deer populations have been identified in the Mary Valley.

Management Priority

Feral rusa deer are a declared Class 2 pest under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Feral Rusa Deer.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Feral Rusa Deer as a high priority pest animal.

Operational Objectives To assist landowners to control existing populations of Feral Rusa Deer in distribution areas and to prevent any new introductions occurring.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. No increase in the number and density of known Feral Rusa Deer

populations in the Region over the life of the plan. 2. Prevention of new populations of Feral Rusa Deer.

Success Indicators

• No increase in numbers of Feral Rusa Deer. • No new introductions of Feral Rusa Deer.



7.2.2 Feral Rusa Deer (Cervus timorensis) Operational Actions By Whom (lead agency in bold) When Status

Integration • Incorporate Feral Rusa Deer management into other related planning and management programs.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Raise public awareness of the impact of Feral Rusa Deer, and the techniques and strategies for their management.


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Feral Rusa Deer without a permit.


Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to contribute to control Feral Rusa

Deer.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Consultation and Partnership • Maintain working partnerships between key stakeholders, including landowners and conservation groups to generate a

holistic approach to Feral Rusa Deer management and a sense of community ownership of the problem.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of Feral Rusa Deer populations.

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Through the annual action plan process, secure adequate resources to carry out the operational activities in this plan. GRC, BQ, NRMG

• Ensure the Feral Rusa Deer program is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Assist land holders to eradicate isolated populations where possible.

GRC, landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Implement control (e.g. through trapping or controlled harvest). GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Undertake integrated management to reduce Feral Rusa Deer numbers, particularly where they have or could have an impact on agriculture or environmental values.

GRC, QPWS, other state agencies, NMRG, Landcare groups, all landowners

Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Feral Rusa Deer. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.2.3 Wild Dog (Canis familiaris Dingo, Canis familiaris)

Description of the Problem Often, the offending animals have a ‘Dingo’ appearance however, genetic research has identified that there are very few ‘pure bread’ Dingoes likely within the region as the majority of wild dogs have other breeds introduced into their genetic make up. The Dingo is a primitive dog, now native to Australia, which was introduced to the continent around 4,000 to 5,000 years ago. The Dingo is closely related to the Dingoes of southeast Asia and to the Indian (or pale-footed) wolf (Canis lupus pallipes). Interbreeding with domestic dogs, particularly in more settled areas, has led to Dingo/dog hybrids becoming more common. Wild dogs pose a significant threat to agricultural production through stock predation. They are also a threat to animals (such as domestic pets) in settled areas and may present a threat to humans. Wild dogs may carry diseases which can be transmitted to humans and domestic animals. Wild dogs are known to suppress populations of Foxes, Feral Cats and Feral Pigs. Wild dog control must be integrated with management of these other pests to ensure that any reduction in wild dog numbers does not result in increases in other pest numbers.

Photo P. Jesser

Local Distribution

Widespread throughout the Gympie Region.

Urban Districts Council has maps available free to the community to identify ‘urban districts’ throughout the region to assist with pest management activities including baiting programs in accordance with section 86 of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002.

Management Priority

Wild dogs are a declared Class 2 pest under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of wild dogs.

Gympie Regional Council has identified the wild dog as a high priority pest animal.

Operational Objectives To control (as far as possible) wild dogs in areas protected by physical and chemical barriers and to reduce numbers in other situations, particularly where they have or could have significant economic, environmental or social impacts.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. No increase in the number and density of known wild dog populations in the

Region over the life of the plan. 2. Reduction in number of wild dogs in peri-urban areas.

Success Indicators • No increase in numbers of wild dogs. • Reduction in numbers of wild dogs in peri-urban areas.



7.2.3 Wild Dog (Canis familiaris Dingo, Canis familiaris) Operational Actions By Whom (lead agency in bold) When Status

Integration • Incorporate wild dog management into other related planning and management programs.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Raise public awareness of the impact of wild dogs, and the techniques and strategies for their

management.


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply wild dogs without a permit.


Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to contribute to

control of wild dogs.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing

Consultation and Partnership • Maintain working partnerships between key stakeholders, including landowners and conservation groups

to generate a holistic approach to wild dog management and a sense of community ownership of the problem.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of wild dog populations.

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Through the annual action plan process, secure adequate resources to carry out the operational activities in this plan.

GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing Ongoing

• Ensure the wild dog program is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Assist land holders to control (as far as possible) populations in areas protected by physical and chemical

barriers.

GRC, landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Implement control (e.g. through baiting programs). GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Undertake integrated management to reduce wild dog numbers, particularly where they have or could have an impact on primary industries or human health.


Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of wild dogs. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.2.4 Feral Pig (Sus scrofa)


Feral Pigs originated from domestic pigs which escaped from early settlers who often allowed the animals to free range. Their spread across Australia has been assisted at times by human intervention. Feral Pigs are extremely destructive. As omnivores, they are destroyers of both native flora and fauna. They can be a serious agricultural pest and a major problem in peri-urban areas.

Feral Pigs destroy crops, foul waterholes, damage fences and other infrastructure, and may prey upon small domestic livestock.

Photo P. Jesser

Local Distribution

Widespread but in low population numbers.

Management Priority

Feral Pigs are a declared Class 2 pest under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Feral Pigs. Gympie Regional Council has identified Feral Pigs as a high priority pest animal.


To assist land holders to control feral pig populations and work proactively to reduce numbers.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. No increase in the number and density of known feral pig populations in the

Region over the life of the plan.

Success Indicators

• No increase in numbers of Feral Pigs. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.2.4 Feral Pig (Sus scrofa) Operational Actions By Whom (lead agency in bold) When Status

Integration • Incorporate feral pig management into other related planning and management programs.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Raise public awareness of the impact of Feral Pigs, and the techniques and strategies for their

management.


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Feral Pigs without a permit.



control Feral Pigs.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


to generate a holistic approach to feral pig management and a sense of community ownership of the problem.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of feral pig infestations.

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing Ongoing

• Ensure the feral pig program is consistent with programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Assist land holders to control populations where possible.

GRC, landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Implement control (e.g. through trapping or wild game harvest). GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Undertake integrated management to reduce feral pig numbers, particularly where they have or could have an impact on primary industries or human health.

GRC, QPWS,Queensland Health, other state agancies, NMRG, Landcare groups, all landowners

Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Feral Pigs. BQ, GRC Ongoing Ongoing



7.2.5 European Fox (Vulpes vulpes)


The European Fox was introduced to Australia for hunting purposes during the 1800s. By about 1880, populations had become established and began to spread from the point of origin in Victoria. By 1900 they were established in southern Queensland. Foxes are significant predators of small livestock (such as poultry and lambs) as well as native fauna. They also carry diseases which may be transmitted to humans and domestic animals.

Together with Feral Cats, Foxes are considered to be one of the main contributors to the reduction in numbers of small native animals, birds and reptiles.

Photo P. Jesser

Local Distribution


Management Priority

The European Fox is a declared Class 2 pest under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Foxes. Gympie Regional Council has identified the Fox as a high priority pest animal.


To reduce Fox numbers, particularly where they have or could have a significant economic, environmental or social impact.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. No increase in the number and density of known Fox populations in the


Success Indicators

• No increase in Fox numbers.



7.2.5 European Fox (Vulpes vulpes) Operational Actions By Whom (lead agency in bold) When Status

Integration • Incorporate Fox management into other related planning and management programs.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Raise public awareness of the impact of Foxes, and the techniques and strategies for their management.


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Foxes without a permit.

GRC Ongoing Ongoing


control Foxes.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


to generate a holistic approach to Fox management and a sense of community ownership of the problem.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of Fox populations.

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing Ongoing

• Ensure the Fox program is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Eradicate isolated populations where possible.

GRC, landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Implement control (e.g. through baiting programs). GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Undertake integrated management to reduce Fox numbers, particularly where they have or could have an impact on primary industries or human health.


Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Foxes. BQ Ongoing Ongoing



7.2.6 European Rabbit (domestic and wild breeds) (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Description of the Problem The European Rabbit became established in Australia following a release at Barwon Park, Victoria, in 1859. Rabbits spread rapidly following this successful introduction and by the late 1800s, rabbits were established in southern Queensland.

Rabbits present a significant threat to agricultural production and environmental values. While the rabbit barrier fence has limited the spread of rabbits to some degree, populations outside the fence – such as those in Gympie Regional Council – must be addressed to prevent rabbits becoming more widespread and further established.

The biological control agents myxomatosis and calisi virus have proved useful in rabbit control. However, the initial population knock-down of the biological agents needs to be followed with eradication of survivors using other means for long-term effectiveness.


Local Distribution

Widespread but in low numbers.

Management Priority

The European Rabbit is a declared Class 2 pest under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of rabbits.

Gympie Regional Council has identified the rabbit as a high priority pest animal.

Operational Objectives To eradicate existing populations of rabbits and prevent any new infestations from occurring.

Measures of Success Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. No increase in the number and density of known rabbit populations in the


Success Indicators • No increase in numbers of rabbits. • New infestations detected and eradicated.



7.2.6 European Rabbit (domestic and wild breeds) (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Operational Actions By Whom (lead agency in bold) When Status

Integration • Incorporate Rabbit management into other related planning and management programs

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Raise public awareness of the impact of Rabbits, and the techniques and strategies for their management


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Rabbits without a permit

GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Commitment • Where appropriate, enforce compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to control

Rabbits

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


to generate a holistic approach to Rabbit management and a sense of community ownership of the problem

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of Rabbit populations

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Through the annual action plan process, secure adequate resources to carry out the operational activities in this plan

GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing Ongoing

• Ensure the Rabbit program is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas GRC Ongoing Ongoing

Prevention • Eradicate isolated populations where possible

GRC, landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing

Implement control (e.g. through release of biological agents) GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing

Best practice • Collate and distribute best practice information to landowners


• Undertake integrated management to reduce Rabbit numbers, particularly where they have or could have an impact on primary industries or environmental values


Ongoing Ongoing

Improvement • Monitor the effectiveness of control programs

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Rabbits BQ Ongoing Ongoing



7.2.7 Feral Cat (other than a domestic cat) (Felis catus)


Feral Cats have been present in Australia for hundreds of years, the first cats possibly being introduced from Dutch shipwrecks along the western and northern coasts of Australia from the sixteenth century onwards. Cats also accompanied the early European settlers. The spread of Feral Cats increased rapidly with the spread of rabbits. Many cats were deliberately translocated in the hope that they would combat the rabbit problem.

Feral Cats today are widespread across Australia, including Gympie Regional Council. They exist as both true ferals in the wider environment and as “stray” cats in urban areas. Feral Cats pose a significant threat to small native fauna. They also carry diseases which may be transmitted to humans and domestic animals.

Together with Foxes, Feral Cats are considered to be one of the main contributors to the reduction in numbers of small native animals, birds and reptiles.

Photo P. Jesser

Local Distribution


Management Priority

Feral Cats are a declared Class 2 pest under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Feral Cats. Gympie Regional Council has identified Feral Cats as a high priority pest animal.


To reduce feral cat numbers, particularly where they have or could have a significant economic, environmental or social impact.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. No increase in the number and density of known feral cat infestations in the


Success Indicators

• No increase in numbers of Feral Cats. • Reduction in number of new populations detected.



7.2.7 Feral Cat (other than a domestic cat) (Felis catus) Operational Actions By Whom (lead agency in bold) When Status

Integration • Incorporate Feral Cat management into other related planning and management programs.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Raise public awareness of the impact of Feral Cats, and the techniques and strategies for their

management.


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Feral Cats without a permit.

GRC Ongoing Ongoing


control Feral Cats.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


to generate a holistic approach to feral cat management and a sense of community ownership of the problem.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of Feral Cat infestations.

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing Ongoing

• Ensure the feral cat program is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Implement control (e.g. through trapping). GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Undertake integrated management to reduce Feral Cat numbers, particularly where they have or could have an impact on primary industries or human health.


Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Feral Cats. BQ Ongoing Ongoing



7.2.8 Feral Goat (other than a domestic goat) (Capra hircus)


Feral Goats have established populations in various parts of Australia. In Gympie Regional Council, they are present in low numbers in areas in the west of the shire. Feral Goats compete with native fauna and can cause severe land degradation when present in large numbers. They are capable of breeding twice annually and twins are common.

The Feral Goat can be an agricultural pest, but has some commercial value and may be harvested for its meat. Feral Goat control should be prioritised in environmentally significant areas.

Photo P. Jesser

Local Distribution

Found in western part of the shire, in low numbers.

Management Priority

Feral Goats are a declared Class 2 pest under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to keep their land free of Feral Goats. Gympie Regional Council has identified Feral Goats as a high priority pest animal.


To reduce Feral Goat numbers, particularly where they have or could have a significant economic, environmental or social impact.

Measures of Success

Through the implementation of the operational actions above, Gympie Regional Council anticipates the following outcomes: 1. No increase in the number and density of known Feral Goat infestations in

the Region over the life of the plan. 2. Prevention of new populations of Feral Goats.

Success Indicators

• No increase in numbers of Feral Goats. • Reduction in number of new infestations detected.



7.2.8 Feral Goat (other than a domestic goat) (Capra hircus) Operational Actions By Whom (lead agency in bold) When Status

Integration • Incorporate Feral Goat management into other related planning and management programs.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Public Awareness • Raise public awareness of the impact of Feral Goats, and the techniques and strategies for their

management.


Annually

Ongoing

• Ensure the public is aware that it is illegal to introduce (s.39 of the Act), keep (s.41), release (s.42) or supply Feral Goats without a permit.

GRC Ongoing Ongoing


control Feral Goats.

GRC

Ongoing

Ongoing


to generate a holistic approach to Feral Goat management and a sense of community ownership of the problem.

All

Ongoing

Ongoing

Planning • Survey and map distribution and density of Feral Goat infestations.

GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing


GRC, BQ, NRMG

Ongoing Ongoing

• Ensure the Feral Goat program is consistent with similar programs in neighbouring areas. GRC Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, landowners

Ongoing

Ongoing

• Implement control (e.g. through trapping). GRC, landowners Ongoing Ongoing



• Undertake integrated management to reduce feral cat numbers, particularly where they have or could have an impact on environmental values.


Ongoing Ongoing


GRC, BQ

Ongoing

Ongoing

• As appropriate, contribute to research on the management of Feral Goats. BQ Ongoing Ongoing

OTHER PEST SPECIES PROGRAMS Part D


This section provides information on other pest species programs which are not priority programs. 8. Overview of Other Pest Management Programs In addition to its priority pest management programs, Gympie Regional Council has in place other pest management programs covering both declared weeds and other weeds declared under local law. These are broadly classified as environmental weeds. This classification incorporates: • Class 3 Weeds. • Established Non-declared Environmental Weeds (agricultural/commercial/domestic). • Established Non-declared Environmental Weeds (non-agricultural). • Potential and emerging non-declared environmental weeds.

Gympie Regional Council also has in place other pest management programs covering declared pest animals not covered by the priority programs. These are:

• Class 3 Pest Animals. • Emerging Pest Animals in the Gympie Region.

Details of the programs for these plant and animal pests are contained in the following tables. Gympie Regional Council also maintains a “watch list” for pest plants and animals not known to be present in the Region but reported from adjacent regions.



8.1 Environmental Weeds Three control areas have been identified as key zones for the management of environmental weeds in the Gympie Region. The three areas are: Area 1: All lands in the Cooloola Coast area due to the limited distribution and abundance of Class 3 weeds in the area. Area 2: Environmentally Significant Areas (ESAs) other than lands identified in the Cooloola Coast, including identified buffer zones surrounding ESAs. Area 3: All lands managed by Gympie Regional Council. Priority for resource allocation and effort directed at the management of established, potential and emerging environmental weeds will be based and assessed on the ability of stakeholders to manage within resource constraints. Activities in bold in the tables will receive higher priority as resources permit.



8.1.1 Class 3 Weeds Present in the Gympie Region


• To reduce the adverse affects of these weeds in environmentally significant areas.

• To prevent further introduction of these pests into the Region.

Pest

African Fountain Grass (Pennisetum setaceum) African Tulip Tree (Spathodea campanulata)

Aristolochia or Dutchman’s pipe (Aristolochia spp. other than native species) Asparagus Fern (Asparagus aethiopicus ‘Sprengeri’, A. Africanus and A. plumosus) Balloon Vine (Cardiospermum grandiflorum) Blackberry (Rubus anglocandicans, Rubus fruticosus agg.) Broadleaf Pepper Tree (Schinus terebinthifolius) Camphor Laurel (Cinnamomum camphora)

Captain Cook tree or yellow oleander (Cascabela thevetia syn. Thevetia peruviana)

Cat’s claw creeper (Macfadyena unguis-cati) Chinese celtis (Celtis sinensis) Harungana (Harungana madagascariensis) Lantana and creeping lantata (Lantana camara, L. montevidensis.) Madeira vine (Anredera cordifolia) Pencil willow (Salix humboldtiana syn. S. chilensis)

Privet (Ligustrum spp., small and large leaf)

Purple or ornamental Rubber Vine (Cryptostegia madagascariensis) Singapore daisy (Sphagneticola trilobata; syn. Wedelia trilobata) Yellow bells (Tecoma stans)

Activities 1. Integrate the management of Class 3 weeds with broader land management programs for environmentally significant areas.

2. Raise awareness so that the public are able to identify these Class 3 weeds. 3. Encourage the community to use native or non-invasive plants in their gardens. 4. Enforce compliance when landholders do not take reasonable steps to control Class 3 weeds in or near environmentally significant areas. 5. Build working partnerships between key stakeholders to develop a holistic approach to the management of Class 3 weeds.

6. Survey and Map the extremities of existing infestations of Class 3 weeds in environmentally significant areas and local government managed lands. 7. Monitor environmentally significant areas potentially at risk of infestation by Class 3 weeds. 8. Collate and distribute best practice information to landowners. 9. Investigate incentive programs for landholders which links with other rehabilitation and conservation protection programs.

Responsibilities 1. GRC, State Agencies

2. GRC and Community Groups 3. GRC and Community Groups

4. GRC 5. GRC, State Agencies, Community, Industry and Landowners 6. GRC, State Agencies, Community, Industry and Landowners

7. GRC and Landowners 8. GRC and Community Groups

9. GRC, State Agencies and Community Groups



8.1.2 Established non-Declared Environmental Weeds (agricultural/ commercial/ domestic use)



• To discourage further introduction of these pest plants except where grown for agricultural or commercial purposes.

Pest

Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum)

Brazilian cherry (Eugenia uniflora)

Cadagi (Corymbia torelliana)

Exotic pine (Pinus spp. such as slash pine)

Glycine (Neonotonia wightii)

Grader grass (Themada quadrivalvis)

Hamil grass or Guinea grass (Megathrsus maximus)

Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum)

Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala)

Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica)

Para grass (Brachiaria multic)

Pasture legumes (e.g. Glycine, Siratro spp.)

Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana)

Thatch grass (Hyparrhenia rufa)

Activities 1. Active control measures in non-agricultural situations. 2. Raise public awareness and educate public.

3. Explore opportunities in liaison with agricultural groups for alternative species. 4. Encourage management in areas adjoining environmentally significant areas. 5. Target nurseries, supermarkets, and flea market organisers in educational and awareness programs. 6. Encourage control on public and private lands through education and awareness programs.

7. Explore avenues for funding for assistance to landowners to manage these pests. 8. Include species in weed resource kit.

Responsibilities 1. GRC and Community Groups

2. GRC and Community Groups 3. GRC and Industry Groups

4. GRC and Community Groups 5. GRC and Community Groups 6. GRC and Community Groups 7. GRC and Community Groups

8. Community Groups



8.1.3 Established Non-Declared Environmental Weeds (non-agricultural)



• To discourage further introduction of these pest plants.

Pest

African Lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula) Agave (Agave spp.) Azolla (red azolla) (Azolla spp.) Arsenic Bush (Senna septemtrionalis) Balloon Vine (heart seed vine) (Cardiospermum grandiflorum) Bathurst Burr (Xanthium spinosum) Black eyed Susan (Thunbergia alata) Blue Water Lily (Nymphaea caerulea subsp. zanzibarensis) Brazilian Nightshade (Solanum seaforthianum) Castor oil bush (Ricinus communis) Cocos Palm (Arecastrum (syn.Syagrus) romanzoffianum) Coral Berry (Ardisia crispa) Crofton Weed (Ageratina adenophora)

Devils Apple (stinkweed, thorn apple) (Datura stramonium syn. D inermis) Duranta (Duranta erecta, Duranta spp.) Easter Cassia (Cassia coluteoides) Exotic Papyrus (Cyperus papyrus) Fishbone Fern (Nephrolepsis cordifolia) Giant Devil’s Fig (Solanum chrysotrichum) Guava (Psidium guajava) Heartseed Vine (see balloon vine) Japanese Sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) Lippia (Phyla canescens) Mistflower (Ageratina riparia) Mock Orange (Murraya paniculata) Mossman River Grass (Cenchrus echinatus) Moth Vine (Araujia horotum)

Mother-in-law Tongue (Sansevieria trifasciata) Needle Burr (Amaranthus spinosus) Noogoora Burr (Xanthium occidentale) Nut Grass (Cyperus rotundus) Ochna (Ochna serrulata) Passionfruit (Passiflora edulis and other exotic passionfruit) Poinsettia Weed (Euphorbia pulcherrima) Polka Dot Plant (Hypoestes phylloxeroides) Red Natal Grass (Melinis repens) Tobacco Bush (Solanum erianthum) Umbrella Tree (Scheffera actinophylla) Wandering Jew (Commelina benghalensis) Water Cress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum) Yellow Water Lily (Mexican water lily) (Nymphaea mexicana)

Activities 1. Education and awareness targeting nurseries, supermarkets, and flea market organisers. 2. Explore avenues for funding for assistance to landholders. 3. Include species in resource kit. 4. Develop programs for the management of these pests on Council managed lands.

5. Source joint display material used across key stakeholder groups. 6. Explore labour sources, e.g. Greencorp.

Responsibilities

1. GRC and Community Groups 2. GRC and Community Groups 3. Community Groups 4. GRC and Community Groups

5. GRC and Community Groups 6. GRC and Community Groups



8.1.4 Potential and Emerging Non-declared Environmental Weeds

Pest

Bamboo (Phyllostachys spp. and Bambusa spp.)

Chinese Golden Shower Tree (Cassia Fistula)

Dyschoriste (Dyschoriste depressa)

Glory Lily (Gloriosa superba)

Japanese Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica)

Mexican Tree Fern (“mile a minute”) (Schizolobium parahyba)

Morning Glory (Ipomoea purpurea)

Mud Plantain (Heteranthera reniformis)

Old Man’s Beard (Clematis vitalba)

Paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa)

Praxelis (Praxelis clematidea)

Thalia (Thalia geniculata)

Activities 1. Monitor these weeds for spread and increase, resource allocations for their management.

2. Investigate local law policy to ban sale of species in the Region. 3. Control on Council managed lands. 4. More active public awareness. 5. Weed identification; weed declarations.

6. Investigate consistent approaches on weeds across southern shires.

Responsibilities 1. BQ, GRC

2. GRC 3. GRC, State Agencies, Community and Industry 4. GRC and Community Groups 5. GRC

6. GRC



8.2 Class 3 Pest Animals Present in the Gympie Region

8.2.1 Feral Fallow Deer (Dama dama)


Fallow Deer were released in southern Queensland at several locations in the mid to late nineteenth century. The main wild population today exists around the Stanthorpe-Pikedale area. Fallow Deer are now found in other locations around Queensland as a result of escapes from deer farms or deliberate translocations. In southern Queensland they are around their environmental limits for successful acclimatisation and are not considered to present a serious pest problem. However, Fallow Deer can and will establish in other areas with human intervention.

Fallow Deer can destroy crops and damage fences when present in sufficient numbers.

Photo P. Jesser

Local Distribution

Reports of small numbers escaped from deer farms.

Management Priority

Fallow Deer are a declared Class 3 pest under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to control Fallow Deer in or adjacent to environmentally significant areas. In other areas, landowners may adopt control processes that are consistent with the management of Fallow Deer as a resource. New populations of Fallow Deer should be controlled.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Fallow Deer as a low priority pest animal.

Operational Objectives To ensure control of Fallow Deer in or adjacent to environmentally significant areas. As Fallow Deer have not had a historical presence in the Gympie Region, new populations can only originate through escapes from deer farms or deliberate releases. New populations should therefore be controlled.



8.2.2 Feral Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)


Red Deer were released at Cressbrook in the Brisbane River valley in 1873. The main wild population today exists in the upper reaches of the Brisbane, Mary and Burnett River valleys. However, feral Red Deer now occur in other locations around Queensland as a result of escapes from deer farms or deliberate translocations. In their traditional range, Red Deer are considered to be around their environmental limits for successful acclimatisation and are not considered to present a serious pest problem. However, Red Deer can and will establish in other areas with human intervention.

Red Deer can destroy crops, foul waterholes (by wallowing) and damage fences when present in sufficient numbers.

Photo P Jesser

Local Distribution

Traditional range in the upper Mary Valley.

Management Priority

Red Deer are a declared Class 3 pest under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Pursuant to the Act, landowners must take reasonable steps to control Red Deer in or adjacent to environmentally significant areas. In other areas, landowners may adopt control processes that are consistent with the management of Red Deer as a resource. New populations of Red Deer outside the traditional range should be controlled.

Gympie Regional Council has identified Red Deer as a low priority pest animal.

Operational Objectives To ensure control of Red Deer in or adjacent to environmentally significant areas.



8.3 Emerging Pest Animals in the Gympie Region

Emerging Pest Animals


• To prevent the introduction of new Class 2 animal pests or other potentially serious animal pests into Gympie Regional Council.

• To detect and eradicate new incursions.

Pest (Refer to Part F for scientific names)

Priority Activities Responsibilities

Any exotic aquarium fish

Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Indian Myna (Acridotheres tristis) Pandanus Flatid (Jamella australae) Tilapia (Tilapia, Oreochromis and Sarotherodon spp.) Wild Horse (Equus caballus)

H-H

Generic Activities 1. Raise public awareness of the impacts caused by emerging pest animals and the

techniques and strategies for their management. 2. Build working partnerships between key stakeholders to generate an integrated

and holistic approach to the management of emerging pest animals. 3. Keep up to date with research regarding the management of these emerging pest

animals.

1. GRC, State agencies, community and industry

2. GRC, State agencies,

community and industry 3. GRC, State agencies,

community and industry

CLASS 1 Pests Part E


9. Class 1 Pests not known to be present in the Gympie Region A number of serious animal pests present in Queensland are not yet known to be present in the Gympie Region. A close watching brief is maintained for these pests.

Class 1 Pest Animals not known to be present in the Gympie Region


• Undertake surveys in high risk areas for Class 1 pest animals not known to be present in the Gympie Region.

• To prevent the introduction of Class 1 pest animals into the Gympie Region.

• To detect and eradicate new incursions.

Pest Priority Activities Responsibilities

Crazy Ants (Anoplolepis gracilipes) Fire Ants (Solenopsis invicta) Hog deer (Axis porcinus) Red Eared Slider Turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) Sambar deer (Cervus unicolour)

H-H

Generic Activities

1. Raise awareness so that the public are able to identify Class 1 pest animals and have knowledge of their impacts and management

2. Ensure the public are aware that it is illegal to introduce, feed, keep, release or supply Class 1 pest animals without a permit

3. Target awareness campaigns at landowners so that Class 1 pest animals are quickly identified and eradicated

4. Alert the public to any incursion of Class 1 pest animals

5. Ensure compliance when landowners do not take reasonable steps to eradicate Class 1 pest animals

6. Eradicate new infestations as soon as they are detected.

7. Report all positive incursions of Fire Ants to the Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries

1. GRC, State Agencies, Community and Industry

2. GRC and BQ

3. GRC, State Agencies,

Community and Industry

4. GRC and BQ

5. GRC and BQ

6. GRC and BQ

7. GRC, State Agencies, Community and Industry

DECLARED PESTS Part F


10. Declared Pests This section summarises information on declared pests from Part 5 of the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act (2002) and the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Regulation (2003) in a format which is relevant to this Pest Management Plan. 10.1 Classes of Declared Pest

10.1.1 Class 1 Pest

A Class 1 pest is one not commonly present or established in Queensland and which has the potential to cause an adverse economic, environmental or social impact in the State, another State or a part of the State or another State. A person must not, without reasonable excuse, introduce, feed, release, keep or supply a declared Class 1 pest other than under a declared pest permit. Class 1 pests established in Queensland are subject to eradication from the State. Landowners must take reasonable steps to keep land free of Class 1 pests. Other powers of the Act apply. 10.1.2 Class 2 Pest A Class 2 pest is one which is established in Queensland and which is causing, or has the potential to cause, an adverse economic, environmental or social impact in the State, another State or a part of the State or another State. A person must not, without reasonable excuse, introduce, feed, release, keep or supply a declared Class 2 pest other than under a declared pest permit. In addition, a person must not:

• take a plant that is a Class 2 pest, or a part of the plant, for commercial use other than under a declared pest permit; and • supply anything containing reproductive material of a plant that is a Class 1 pest or a Class 2 pest prescribed under a regulation.

Class 2 pests established in Queensland are subject to control and, where feasible, eradication. Control programs may require state coordination, and may be subject to local government, community or landholder-led programs. Landowners must take reasonable steps to keep land free of Class 2 pests. Other powers of the Act apply.



10.1.3 Class 3 Pest A Class 3 pest is one which is established in Queensland and which is causing, or has the potential to cause, an adverse economic, environmental or social impact in the State, another State or a part of the State or another State. A person must not, without reasonable excuse, introduce, feed, release or supply a declared Class 3 pest other than under a declared pest permit. The impact of Class 3 animal pests is considered to be primarily environmental. A pest control notice for Class 3 pests can be issued only for land that is, or is adjacent to, an environmentally significant area. Only some of the other powers of the Act apply. 10.2 Pests listed in Part F

• Class 1 Pest Plants



• Class 1 Pest Animals





10.2.1 Class 1 Pest Plants

Acacias non-indigenous to Australia (Acaciella spp., Mariosousa spp., Senegalia spp. (other than Senegalia albizoides) and Acacia spp. (syn. Vachellia spp.) other than Acacia nilotica and Acacia farnesiana)

Alligator Weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides)

Anchored Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia azurea)

Badhara Bush (Gmelina elliptica)

Bitou Bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata)

Bridal Creeper (Asparagus asparagoides)

Cabomba (see Fanwort)

Candleberry Myrth (Myrica faya)

Chilean Needle Grass (Nassella neesiana)

Cholla Cactus (Cylindropuntia spp. and hybrids, other than C. spinosior, C. fulgida and C. imbricata)

Christ’s Thorn (Ziziphus spina-christi)

Eurasian Water Milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum)

Fanwort (Cabomba spp. other than C. caroliniana)

Floating Water Chestnuts (Trapa spp.)

Gorse (Ulex europaeus)

Harrisia Cactus (Harrisia spp. syn. Eriocereus spp. other than H. martinii, H. tortuosa and H. pomanensis syn. Cereus pomanensis)

Honey Locust (Gleditsia spp. including cultivars and varieties)

Horsetails (Equisetum spp.)

Hygrophila (Hygrophila costata)

Kochia (Bassia scoparia syn. Kochia scoparia)

Koster’s Curse (Clidemia hirta)

Lagarosiphon (Lagarosiphon major)

Limnocharis or Yellow Burrhead (Limnocharis flava)

Madras Thorn (Pithecellobium dulce)

Mesquites (all Prosopis spp. and hybrids other than Prosopis glandulosa, Prosopis pallida and Prosopis velutina)

Mexican Bean Tree (all Cecropia spp.)

Mexican Feather Grass (Nassella tenuissima)

Miconia (Miconia spp.)

Mikania Vine (Mikania spp.)

Mimosa Pigra (Mimosa pigra)

Peruvian Primrose Bush (Ludwigia peruviana)

Prickly Pear (Opuntia spp. other than O. ficus-indica, O. stricta, O. aurantiaca, O. monacantha, O. tomentosa and O. streptacantha)

Red Sesbania (Sesbania punicea)

Salvinias (Salvinia spp. other than S. molesta)

Senegal Tea (Gymnocoronis spilanthoides)

Serrated Tussock (Nassella trichotoma)

Siam Weed (Chromolaena spp.)

Spiked Pepper (Piper aduncum)

Thunbergias with the following names— Annual Thunbergia (Thunbergia annua) Fragrant Thunbergia (T. fragrans) Laurel Clockvine (T. laurifolia)

Water Mimosa (Neptunia oleracea and N. plena)

Water Soldiers (Stratiotes aloides)

Willow (Salix spp. other than S. babylonica, S. humboldtiana (syn. S. chilensis), S. matsudana, S. x calodendron and S. xreichardtii)

Witch Weeds (Striga spp. other than native species)

Yellow Ginger (Hedychium flavescens)




African Boxthorn (Lycium ferocissimum)

Annual Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia)

Bellyache Bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia and hybrids)

Cabomba (Cabomba caroliniana)

Chinee Apple (Ziziphus mauritiana)

Cholla Cacti with the following names— Coral Cactus (Cylindropuntia fulgida) Devil’s Rope Pear (C. imbricata)

Snake Cactus (C. spinosior)

Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis)

Gamba Grass (Andropogon gayanus)

Giant Sensitive Plant (Mimosa diplotricha var. diplotricha)

Groundsel Bush (Baccharis halimifolia)

Harrisia Cactus (Harrisia martinii syn. Eriocereus martinii, H.tortuosa and H. pomanensis syn. Cereus pomanensis)

Hymenachne or Olive Hymenachne (Hymenachne amplexicaulis)

Kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata syn. P. lobata, P. triloba) other than in the Torres Strait Islands

Mesquites (Prosopis glandulosa, P. pallida and P. velutina)

Mother of Millions (Bryophyllum delagoense syn. B. tubiflorum, Kalanchoe delagoensis)

Mother of Millions hybrid (Bryophyllum x houghtonii (syn. B.daigremontianum x B. delagoense, Kalanchoe x houghtonii)

Parkinsonia (Parkinsonia aculeata)

Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus)

Pond Apple (Annona glabra)prickly acacia (Acacia nilotica)

Prickly Pears with the following names— Common Pest Pear Spiny Pest Pear (O. stricta syn. O. inermis)

Drooping Tree Pear (O. monacantha syn. O. vulgaris)

Tiger Pear (O. aurantiaca)

Velvety Tree Pear (O. tomentosa)

Westwood Pear (O. streptacantha)

Rat’s Tail Grasses with the following names— American Rat’s Tail Grass (Sporobolus jacquemontii) Giant Parramatta Grass (Sporobolus fertilis) Giant Rat’s Tail Grass (Sporobolus pyramidalis and S.natalensis) Parramatta Grass (Sporobolus africanus)

Rubber Vine (Cryptostegia grandiflora)

Salvinia (Salvinia molesta)

Sicklepods with the following names—

Foetid Cassia (Senna tora)

Hairy Cassia (Senna hirsuta)

Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia)

Telegraph Weed (Heterotheca grandiflora)

Thunbergia or Blue Thunbergia (Thunbergia grandiflora)

Tobacco Weed (Elephantopus mollis)

Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

Water Lettuce (Pistia stratiotes)




African Fountain Grass (Pennisetum setaceum)

African Tulip Tree (Spathodea campanulata)

Aristolochia or Dutchman’s Pipe (Aristolochia spp. other than native species)

Asparagus Fern (Asparagus aethiopicus ‘Sprengeri’, A. Africanus and A. plumosus)

Athel Pine (Tamarix aphylla)

Balloon Vine (Cardiospermum grandiflorum)

Blackberry (Rubus anglocandicans, Rubus fruticosus agg.)

Broad-leaved Pepper Tree (Schinus terebinthifolius)

Camphor Laurel (Cinnamomum camphora)

Captain Cook Tree or Yellow Oleander (Cascabela thevetia syn. Thevetia peruviana)

Cat’s Claw Creeper (Macfadyena unguis-cati)

Chinese Celtis (Celtis sinensis)

Harungana (Harungana madagascariensis)

Kahili Ginger (Hedychium gardnerianum)

Lantanas with the following names— Creeping Lantana (L. montevidensis) Lantana or Common Lantana (Lantana camara)

Madeira Vine (Anredera cordifolia)

Ornamental Rubber Vine (Cryptostegia madagascariensis)

Privets with the following names— Broad-leaf Privet or Tree Privet (Ligustrum lucidum) Small-leaf Privet or Chinese Privet (L. sinense)

Singapore Daisy (Sphagneticola trilobata; syn. Wedelia trilobata)

White Ginger (Hedychium coronarium)

Willows with the following names— Pencil Willow (Salix humboldtiana syn. S. chilensis) Tortured Willow (Salix matsudana)

Yellow Bells (Tecoma stans)



10.2.4 Class 1 Pest Animals

All mammals, reptiles and amphibians are Class 1 pests, except:

• Class 2 or 3 declared pest animals.

• Mammals, reptiles and amphibians indigenous to Australia, including marine mammals of the orders Pinnipedia, Sirenia and Cetacea.

• The non-declared animals listed below.

Alpaca (Lama pacos)

Asian House Gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus)

Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)

Bali Cattle (Bos javanicus and B. sondaicus)

Bison or American Buffalo (Bison bison)

Black Rat (Rattus rattus)

Camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Cane Toad (Bufo marinus)

Cattle (Bos spp.)

Domestic Cat (Felis catus)

Domestic Dog (Canis familiaris)

Domestic Goat (Capra hircus)

Donkey (Equus asinus)

Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus)

European Hare (Lepus capensis)

Guanicoe (Lama guanicoe)

Horse (Equus caballus)

House Mouse (Mus musculus)

Llama (Lama glama)

Mule (Equus caballus x Equus asinus)

Pig, other than a Feral Pig (Sus scrofa)

Sewer Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

Sheep (Ovis aries)

Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)




Australian Plague Locust (Chortoicetes terminifera)

Cat, other than a Domestic Cat (Felis catus)

Dingo (Canis familiaris Dingo)

Dog, other than a Domestic Dog (Canis familiaris)

European Fox (Vulpes vulpes)

European Rabbit (domestic and wild breeds) (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Feral Chital (axis) Deer (Axis axis)

Feral Pig (Sus scrofa)

Feral Rusa Deer (Cervus timorensis)

Goat, other than a Domestic Goat (Capra hircus)

Migratory Locust (Locusta migratoria)

Spur-throated Locust (Austracris guttulosa)


Feral Fallow Deer (Dama dama)

Feral Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)

REFERENCES


Booth, C., 'State of Environment Report: Critique of Invasive Species Section', Spinifex, vol. 29, no. 1, June 2008. Kenny, P., Wild Dog Management in Queensland, AgForce, December 2008. Cooloola Coastcare Association Inc., Integratred Coastal Management: Tin Can Bay and Cooloola Cove Foreshores, 1995-2010. Aslin, H., Rural Lifestyle Landholders, Bureau of Rural Sciences, Australian Government, June 2006. Hart, Q. and Bomford, M., Australia's Pest Animals: New Approaches to Old Problems, Bureau of Rural Sciences, Australian Government, February 2006.

ismp013 pest management plan - gympie council...wd-mp-013 page 2 of 117 reviewed: september 2013...

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